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AP Human Geography, Industry Flashcards

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6451415692AgglomerationA process involving the clustering or concentrating of people or activities. The term often refers to manufacturing plants and businesses that benefit from close proximity because they share skilled-labor pools and technological and financial amenities.0
6451415693Break of Bulk pointA location where transfer is possible from one mode of transportation to another.1
6451415694Bulk reducing industriesAn industry in which the final product weighs less or comprises a lower volume than the inputs.2
6451415695Bulk gaining industriesIndustries whose products weigh more after assembly than they did previously in their constituent parts. Such industries tend to have production facilities close to their markets.3
6451415696Cottage IndustryManufacturing based in homes rather than in a factory, commonly found before the Industrial Revolution.4
6451415697Compressed modernityrapid economic and political change that transformed the country into a stable nation with democatizing political institution, a growing economy, and an expanding web of nongovernmental institutions5
6451415698Conglomerate corporationsa firm that is comprised of many smaller firms that serve several different functions6
6451415699DeglomerationThe process of industrial deconcentration in response to technological advances and/or increasing costs due to congestion and competition.7
6451415700Deindustrializationprocess by which companies move industrial jobs to other regions with cheaper labor, leaving the newly deindustrialized region to switch to a service economy and to work through a period of high unemployment8
6451415701Distance decayThe declining intensity of any activity, process, or function with increasing distance from its point of origin9
6451415702Friction of distanceThe increase in time and cost that usually comes with increasing distance10
6451415703Footloose industrycompany with no allegiance or ties to a country or location that can move its primary location11
6451415704Industrial RevolutionA series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods.12
6451415705Fordist productionform of mass production in which each worker is assigned one specific task to perform repeatedly13
6451415706Labor Intensive IndustryAn industry for which labor costs comprise a high percentage of total expenses.14
6451415707MaquiladoraFactories built by US companies in Mexico near the US border to take advantage of much lower labor costs in Mexico.15
6451415708New international division of laborTransfer of some types of jobs, especially those requiring low-paid less skilled workers, from more developed to less developed countries.16
6451415709Outsourcingremoves work from one company and sends it to another company- so the work can be completed at a lower cost17
6451415710Post Fordist productionAdoption by companies of flexible work rules, such as the allocation of workers to teams that perform a variety of tasks.18
6451415711Right-to-work-stateA U.S. state that has passed a law preventing a union and company from negotiating a contract that requires workers to join a union as a condition of employment.19
6451415712Post industrial societiesa society based on information, services and high technology, rather than raw materials and manufacturing20
6451415713Newly industrializing countrycountries in the transition stage between developing and developed countries. Newly industrializing countries typically have rapidly growing economies.21
6451415714Single market manufacturerslocated near the market--save money on transportation. Make products sold primary in one location22
6451415715Site factorsLocation factors related to the costs of factors of production inside the plant, such as land, labor, and capital.23
6451415716Space-time compressionThe reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation systems24
6451415717Special Economic ZonesIn 1979, the Chinese government set up these zones on the coast near Macao, Hong Kong and Taiwan. Improved transportation, lower taxes, and other incentives attracted investments from foreign businesses. They helped stimulate innovation and helped China grow economically.25
6451415718Sustainable developmentDevelopment that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.26
6451415719Trading blocksa group of countries that join together in some form of agreement in order to increase trade between them and/or to gain economic benefits from cooperation on some level.27
6451415720NAFTANorth American Free Trade Agreement, a trade agreement between Canada, the United States and Mexico that encourages free trade between these North American countries.28
6451415721Watt, James(1736-1819) Improved upon Newcomen's steam engine. Watt's steam engine would be the power source of the Industrial Revolution.29
6451415722Weber, AlfredGerman geographer who was a major theorists of industrial location. He devised a model of how to understand industrial locations in regard to several factors, including labor supply, markets, resource location, and transpiration.30

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