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AP Language Rhetorical Strategies Flashcards

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4755580015alliterationa figure of speech in which consonant sounds at the beginning of words are repeated0
4755581346allusiona reference in a literary work to a person, place, or thing in history or another work of literature. Allusions are often indirect or brief references to well-known characters or events.1
4755584568analogywhen you compare the relationship of two things.2
4755585961anaphorarepetition of the initial word(s) over successive phrases or clauses3
4755587336chiasmusfigure of emphasis in which the words in one phrase or clause are replicated, exactly or closely, in reverse grammatical order in the next phrase or clause; an inverted order of repeated words in adjacent phrases or clauses (A-B, B-A).4
4755600265antithesisfigure of balance in which two contrasting ideas are intentionally juxtaposed, usually through parallel structure; a contrasting of opposing ideas in adjacent phrases, clauses, or sentences.5
4755602954aphorisma precise statement of principal given in pointed words.6
4755604297apostrophea figure of speech where someone, some abstract quality, or a nonexistent personage is addressed as is present7
4755607580asyndetonfigure of omission in which normally occurring conjunctions (and, or, but, for, nor, so, yet) are intentionally omitted in successive phrases, or clauses; a string of words not separated by normally occurring conjunctions.8
4755611232call to actiona statement that urges people to act or make a change9
4755611940cumulative sentencea sentence that states its main idea at the beginning and follows up with details.10
4755613490doublespeaklanguage used to distort and manipulate rather than inform.11
4755614555euphemismthe use of inoffensive words or phrases rather than offensive ones.12
4755616415hortative sentencea sentence meant to encourage someone to do something.13
4755618100hyperbolean extravagant exaggeration. From the Greek for "overcasting", hyperbole is a figure of speech that is a grossly exaggerated description of statement.14
4755620872imperative sentencea sentence that gives advice or instructions or that expresses a request or a command.15
4755657674inversion/anastropheinverted order of words in a sentence (variation of subject-verb-object order.16
4755659805jargonspecialized language used by people from the same field.17
4755661626juxtapositionthe act or an instance of placing two or more things side by side for the purpose of comparison or contrast.18
4755663978litotesunderstatement, for intensification, by denying the contrary of the thing being affirmed.19
4755668733metaphora type of figurative language in which a statement is made that says one thing is something else but, literally, it is not.20
4755671780metonymy/synecdochea figure of speech which substitutes one term with another that is being associated with that term21
4755674357onomatopoeiasound words, words that by their sound, suggest their meaning.22
4755675547oxymoronfigure that binds together TWO words that are ordinarily contradictory.23
4755676513paradoxfigure that employs an apparent contradiction which, nonetheless, evokes some measure of truth.24
4755678473parallelismfigure of balance identified by a similarity in the syntactical structure of a set of words in successive phrases, clauses, sentences; successive words, phrases, clauses with the same or very similar grammatical structure.25
4755684150periodic sentencea sentence that states its main idea at the end of the sentence.26
4755684798personificationa figure of speech where animals, ideas, or inorganic objects are given human characteristics.27
4755687743polysyndetonthe repetition of conjunctions in close succession28
4755690244rhetorical questionfigure which asks a question, not for the purpose of further discussion, but to assert or deny an answer implicitly; a question whose answer is obvious or implied.29
4755692802similea simile is a type of figurative language, language that does done mean exactly what it says, that makes a comparison between two otherwise unalike objects or ideas by connecting them with the words "like" or "as".30
4755695528zeugmatwo different words linked to a verb or an adjective which is strictly appropriate to only one of them.31

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