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AP Language Rhetorical Vocabulary Flashcards

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9947271276alliterationThe repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words0
9947274279allusionA direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art1
9947286191analogysimilarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. can explain something unfamiliar by associating it with or pointing out its similarity to something more familiar2
9947292394atmosphereThe emotional nod created by the entirety of a literary work, established partly by the setting and partly by the author's choice of objects that are described.3
9947300157colloquial/colloquialismThe use of slang or informalities in speech or writing. Not generally acceptable for formal writing, colloquialisms give a work a conversational, familiar tone.4
9947307164dictionRelated to style, diction refers to the writer's word choices, especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness. For the AP exam, you should be able to describe an author's diction (for example, formal or informal, ornate or plain) and understand the ways in which diction can complement the author's purpose. Diction, combined with syntax, figurative language, literary devices, etc., creates an author's style.5
9947310560euphemismFrom the Greek for "good speech," euphemisms are a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept. The euphemism may be used to adhere to standards of social or political correctness or to add humor or ironic understatement.6
9947319669hyperboleA figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement.7
9947326176metonymya figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it8
9947330217moodThe prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work. Setting, tone, and events can affect the mood. Mood is similar to tone and atmosphere.9
9947332483oxymoronFrom the Greek for "pointedly foolish," an oxymoron is a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox. examples; jumbo shrim, cruel kindness10
9947340856paradoxA statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity11
9947345435parallelismIt refers to the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity.12
9947352591metaphor- A figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity.13
9947370723second person narratora point of view (how a story is told) where the narrator tells the story to another character using the word 'you.'14
9947386403syntaxThe way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences. Syntax is similar to diction, but you can differentiate them by thinking of syntax as groups of words, while diction refers to the individual words.15
9947359956first person narratortells the story with the first person pronoun, "I," and is a character in the story. This narrator can be the protagonist, a secondary character, or an observing character.16
9947363759third person narratorrelates the events with the third person pronouns, "he," "she," and "it." There are two main subdivisions to be aware of: a. third person omniscient, in which the narrator, with godlike knowledge, presents the thoughts and actions of any or all characters b. third person limited omniscient, in which the narrator presents the feelings and thoughts of only one character, presenting only the actions of all the remaining characters.17
9947394260transitionA word or phrase that links different ideas.18
9947399933invectivean emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language.19
9947388311toneSimilar to mood, tone describes the author's attitude toward his material, the audience, or both. Tone is easier to determine in spoken language than in written language.20
9947407570juxtapositionthe fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.21
9947430926figurative languageWriting or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid.22
9947563593Ethosis used as a means of convincing an audience via the AUTHORITY or credibility of the persuader, be it a notable or experienced figure in the field or even a popular celebrity.23
9947563594Logosis a way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an EMOTIONAL response to an impassioned plea or a convincing story.24
9947563595Pathosis a way of persuading an audience with REASON, using facts and figures.25

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