Terms : Hide Images
| 8477980234 | Cumulative (Loose) Sentence | begins with a main clause that is followed by phrases and/or clauses that modify the main clause. These phrases or clauses add information to the main or independent clause. | 0 | |
| 8477980235 | Periodic Sentence | a sentence that, by leaving the completion of its main clause to the end, produces an effect of suspense. |  | 1 |
| 8477980238 | Ethos | an appeal to ethics and it is a means of convincing someone of the character or credibility of the persuader. | 2 | |
| 8477980239 | Pathos | an appeal to emotion, and is a way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response. | 3 | |
| 8477980240 | Logos | an appeal to logic, and is a way of persuading an audience by reason. | 4 | |
| 8477980242 | Syllogism | A logical structure that uses the major premise and minor premise to reach a necessary conclusion. |  | 5 |
| 8477980243 | Major premise | contains the term that is the predicate of the conclusion. |  | 6 |
| 8477980244 | Minor premise | contains the term that is the subject of the conclusion. | | 7 |
| 8477980245 | Induction | a logical process wherein you reason from particulars to universal, using specific cases in order to draw a conclusion, which is also called a generalization. | 8 | |
| 8477980246 | Deduction | a logical process wherein you reach a conclusion by starting with a general principle or universal truth (a major premise). | 9 | |
| 8477980249 | Diction | a speaker's choice of words. Analysis of diction looks at these choices and what they add to the speaker's message. | 10 | |
| 8477980250 | Simile | a figure of speech used to explain or clarify an idea by comparing it explicitly to something else, using words like, as, or as though. |  | 11 |
| 8477980251 | Metaphor | figure of speech that compares two unlike things without using like or as. | 12 | |
| 8477980252 | Anaphora | the intentional repetition of beginning clauses in order to create an artistic effect. |  | 13 |
| 8477980253 | Rhetoric | it is the art of finding ways of persuading an audience. | 14 | |
| 8477980254 | Rhetorical Triangle | speaker-subject-audience |  | 15 |
| 8477980255 | Allusion | brief reference to a person, event, or place (real or fictitious) to to a work of art. | 16 | |
| 8477980256 | Hyperbole | deliberate exaggeration used for emphasis or to produce a comic or ironic effect; an overstatement to make a point. | 17 | |
| 8477980257 | Personification | attribution of a lifelike quality to an inanimate object or an idea. | 18 | |
| 8477980260 | Parallelism | similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses. | 19 | |
| 8477980261 | Antithesis | opposition, or contrast or ideas or words in a parallel construction. | 20 | |
| 8477980263 | Rhetorical Question | Figure of speech in the form of a question posed for the rhetorical effect rather than for the purpose of getting an answer. Ex.) Are you stupid? | 21 | |
| 8477980265 | Rebuttal | In the Toulon model, a rebuttal gives voice to possible objections. |  | 22 |
| 8477980268 | Begging the Question | a fallacy of argument in which a claim is based on the very grounds that are in doubt or dispute. | 23 | |
| 8477980269 | Anecdote | a brief story used to illustrate a point or claim. |  | 24 |
| 8477980271 | Example | a specific event, person, or detail of an idea cited and/or developed to support or illustrate a thesis or topic. | 25 | |
| 8477980272 | Contrast/ Comparison | a method of presenting similarities and differences between or among at least two persons, places, things, ideas, etc. may be organized by: Subject by subject Point by point Combination | 26 | |
| 8477980273 | Cause and Effect | establishes a relationship: B is the result of A. | 27 | |
| 8477980277 | Narration | is nothing more than storytelling. There is a beginning, a middle, and an end. | 28 | |
| 8477980285 | Allegory | The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning. A story in which each aspect of the story has a symbolic meaning outside the tale itself. | 29 | |
| 8477980286 | Alliteration | The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words (as in "she sells sea shells"). |  | 30 |
| 8477980287 | Allusion | A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art. | 31 | |
| 8477980289 | Analogy | A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. | 32 | |
| 8477980291 | Antithesis | the opposition or contrast of ideas; the direct opposite. |  | 33 |
| 8477980292 | Aphorism | A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle. (If the authorship is unknown, the statement is generally considered to be a folk proverb.) | 34 | |
| 8477980296 | Clause | A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb. | 35 | |
| 8477980297 | Colloquial/Colloquialism | The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing. | 36 | |
| 8477980299 | Connotation | The non-literal, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning. | 37 | |
| 8477980300 | Denotation | The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color. | 38 | |
| 8477980301 | Diction | Related to style, diction refers to the writer's word choices, especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness. | 39 | |
| 8477980303 | Euphemism | From the Greek for "good speech," euphemisms are a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept - POLITICALLY CORRECT | 40 | |
| 8477980304 | Extended Metaphor | A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work. | 41 | |
| 8477980305 | Figurative Language | Writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid | 42 | |
| 8477980306 | Figure of speech | A device used to produce figurative language. Many compare dissimilar things. Figures of speech include apotrophe hyperbole irony metaphor oxymoron paradox personification simile syneddoche understatement | 43 | |
| 8477980307 | Genre | The major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama. | 44 | |
| 8477980309 | Hyperbole | A figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement. (The literal Greek meaning is "overshoot.") | 45 | |
| 8477980310 | Imagery | The sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions. | 46 | |
| 8477980311 | Inference/infer | To draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented. | 47 | |
| 8477980314 | Loose sentence/non-periodic sentence | A type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses. | 48 | |
| 8477980315 | Metaphor | A figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity. | 49 | |
| 8477980317 | Mood | The prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work. | 50 | |
| 8477980318 | Narrative | The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events. | 51 | |
| 8477980321 | Paradox | A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity. | 52 | |
| 8477980322 | Parallelism | the use of successive verbal constructions in poetry or prose that correspond in grammatical structure, sound, meter, meaning, etc. | 53 | |
| 8477980325 | Periodic sentence | The opposite of loose sentence, a sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. | 54 | |
| 8477980326 | Personification | A figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions. | 55 | |
| 8477980327 | Point of view | In literature, the perspective from which a story is told. | 56 | |
| 8477980329 | Repetition | The duplication, either exact or approximate, of any element of language, such as a sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern. | 57 | |
| 8477980330 | Rhetoric | From the Greek for "orator," this term describes the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively. | 58 | |
| 8477980333 | Subordinate clause | Like all clauses, this word group contains both a subject and a verb (plus any accompanying phrases or modifiers), but unlike the independent clause, this clause cannot stand alone; it does not express a complete thought. | 59 | |
| 8477980334 | Syllogism | A deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises (the first one called "major" and the second called "minor") that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion. | 60 | |
| 8477980335 | Symbol/symbolism | Generally, anything that represents itself and stands for something else. | 61 | |
| 8477980336 | Syntax | The way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences. | 62 | |
| 8477980337 | Theme | The central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers into life. | 63 | |
| 8477980338 | Thesis | The sentence or group of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or position. | 64 | |
| 8477980339 | Tone | Describes the author's attitude toward his material, the audience, or both. | 65 | |
| 8477980340 | Transition | A word or phrase that links different ideas. Used especially, although not exclusively, in expository and argumentative writing, effectively signal a shift from one idea to another. | 66 | |
| 8477980341 | Understatement | the ironic minimalizing of fact; presents something as less significant than it is. | 67 | |
| 8477980343 | Slippery Slope | This is the failure to provide evidence to support a claim that one event will lead to a catastrophic chain of events. | 68 | |
| 8477980346 | Juxtaposition | Making on idea more dramatic by placing it next to its opposite. | 69 | |
| 8477980351 | rhetorical appeal | the persuasive devices by which a writer tries to sway an audience's attention and response to any given work. See logos, ethos, and pathos. | 70 | |
| 8477980353 | devices | The figures of speech, syntax, diction, and other stylistic elements that collectively produce a particular artistic effect. | 71 | |
| 8477980354 | narrative devices | This term describes the tools of the storyteller (also used in nonfiction), such as ordering events so that they build to a climactic moment or withholding information until a crucial or appropriate moment when revealing it creates a desired effect. On the essay portion of the exam, this term may also apply to biographical and autobiographical writing. | 72 | |
| 8477980355 | narrative techniques | The style of telling the "story," even if the passage is nonfiction. Concentrate on the order of events and on their detail in evaluating a writer's technique. | 73 | |
| 8477980360 | Argumentation | one of the four forms of discourse which uses logic, ethics, and emotional appeals (logos, ethos, pathos) to develop an effective means to convince the reader to think or act in a certain way. | 74 | |
| 8477980363 | tone | A speaker's, author's, or character's disposition toward or opinion of a subject. | 75 | |
| 8477980364 | audience | One's listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed. | 76 | |
| 8477980365 | Balanced sentence | A sentence in which words, phrases, or clauses are set off against each other to emphasize a contrast | 77 | |
| 8477980367 | understatement | "I have to have this operation. It isn't very serious. I have this tiny little tumor on the brain." Holden Caulfield, Catcher in the Rye | 78 | |
| 8477980368 | parallelism | "My fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country." John F. Kennedy | 79 | |
| 8477980369 | allusion | The rise in poverty will unlock the Pandora's box of crimes. | 80 | |
| 8477980370 | hyperbole | "I'll love you, dear, I'll love you/Till China and Africa meet,/And the river jumps over the mountain" | 81 | |
| 8477980374 | antithesis | "To err is human; to forgive divine." Alexander Pope "An Essay on Criticism" | 82 | |
| 8477980376 | periodic sentence | In spite of heavy snow and cold temperatures, the game continued. | 83 | |
| 8477980377 | paradox | "Whatever you do will be insignificant, but it is very important that you do it." -Gandhi | 84 | |
| 8477980378 | alliteration | "His soul swooned slowly as he heard the snow falling faintly through the universe and faintly falling, like the descent of their last end, upon all the living and the dead." | 85 | |
| 8477980381 | personification | "Pearl Button swung on the little gate in front of the House of Boxes. It was the early afternoon of a sunshiny day with little winds playing hide-and-seek in it." | 86 | |
| 8477980382 | onomatopoeia | "He saw nothing and heard nothing but he could feel his heart pounding and then he heard the clack on stone and the leaping, dropping clicks of a small rock falling." | 87 | |
| 8477980383 | inverted syntax | "Patience you must have, my young padawan." | 88 |
