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AP Language and Composition Flashcards

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6715854990PunA joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are words that sound alike but have different meanings. ex. "the pigs were a squeal"0
6715865606LogosAn argument used to convince or persuade the targeted audience by employing reason or logic1
6715878649EthosAn appeal to ethics, and it is a means of convincing someone of the character or credibility of the persuader.2
6715890299PathosAn appeal to emotion, and is a way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response.3
6715897822SyllogismAn instance of a form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn (whether validly or not) from two given or assumed propositions(premises), each of which shares a term with the conclusion, and shares a common or middle term not present in the conclusion.4
6715910344ParodyAn imitation of the style of a particular writer, artist, or genre with deliberate exaggeration for comic effect.5
6715917341JuxtapositionThe fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.6
6715920838Rhetorical QuestionA question you ask without expecting an answer. The question might be one that does not have an answer.It might be one that has an obvious answer but you have asked the question to make the point, to persuade or for literary effect.7
6715921431ColloquialLanguage used in ordinary or familiar conversation;not formal or literary8
6715923283EllipsisThe omission from speech or writing of a word or words that are not needed or able to be understood from contextual clue's.9
6715923865StyleThe choice of diction, tone, and syntax a writer makes. The author's word choice, sentence structure, figurative language, and sentence arrangement all work together to establish mood, images, and meaning in the text.10
6715924815AmbiguityAn unclear, indefinite, or equivocal word, expression, meaning.11
6715925806ProseWritten or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure.12
6715925807HyperboleExaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.13
6715926906Loose SentenceA sentence that does not end with the competition of its main clause, but continues with one or more subordinate clauses.14
6715927663AntithesisA figure of speech in which an opposition or contrast of ideas is expressed by parallelism of words that are the opposites of, or strongly contrasted with, each other, such as "hatred stirs up strife, but love covers all sins"15
6715928815AllusionAn expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference.16
6715929394MetonymyThe substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant, for example suit for business executive.17
6715930469AphorismA pithy observation that contains a general truth, such as , "if it ain't broke, don't fix it"18
6715932871Parallel StructureThe repetition of a chosen grammatical form written a sentence. By making each compared item or idea in your sentence follow the same grammatical pattern, you create a parallel construction.19
6715932872ParadoxA seemingly absurd self-contradictory statement or proposition that when investigated or explained may prove to be well founded or true.20
6715933979ApostropheWhen a character in a literary work speaks to an object , an idea, or someone who doesn't exist as if it is a living person.21
6715936543ClicheA phrase or opinion that is overused and betrays a lack of original thought.22
6715938085AnalogyA comparison between two things typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification.23
6715940367EuphemismA pleasant or flattering expression used in place of one that is less agreeable but possibly more accurate.24
6715940368Post HocMistakenly inferring that because one event follows another they have a casual relation; from post hoc ergo propter hoc("after this,therefore because of this")25
6715941352AllegoryA story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning,typically a moral or political one.26
6715941353ConceitA fanciful expression in writing or speech; an elaborate metaphor.27
6715943238AnalysisA detailed examination of the elements or structure of something, typically as a basis for discussion or interpretation.28
6715943239JargonThe technical terminology or specialized language of a particular group. Special words or expression that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand.29
6715944626SatireThe expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect.30
6715945862AlliterationThe occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.31
6715946677SimileA figure of speech in which two unlike things are explicitly compared, as in " she is like a rose"32
6715947392MetaphorA figure of speech which makes an implicit, implied or hidden comparison between two things that are unrelated but share some common characteristics.33
6715948229PersonificationThe attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form.34
6715948230IronyThe use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues.35
6715949869Deductive ReasoningThe process of meaning from one or more statements(premises) to reach a logically certain conclusion.36
6715949870FallacyAn error of reasoning based on faulty use of evidence or incorrect inference.37
6715951981RefutationAn attack on an opposing view in order to weaken it, invalidate it, or make it less credible.38
6715951982Inductive ReasoningA logical process in which multiple premises, all believed true or found true most of the time, are combined to obtain a specific conclusion.39
6751428957MoodA literary element that evokes certain feelings or vibe readers through words and descriptions.40
6751526081ToneThe authors attitude towards their subject. An attitude a writer toward a subject or an audience41

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