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| 6572110065 | population | A group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and interbreed, producing fertile offspring. | 0 | |
| 6572121230 | community | A group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other | 1 | |
| 6572123436 | biosphere | All the parts of the planet that are inhabited by living things; sum of all Earth's ecosystems | 2 | |
| 6572130507 | ecosystem | A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. | 3 | |
| 6572131937 | biotic | Living parts of an ecosystem | 4 | |
| 6572138951 | abiotic | Any nonliving component of an environment | 5 | |
| 6572142941 | climate | The average weather conditions in an area over a long period of time | 6 | |
| 6572145315 | weather | The condition of Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place. | 7 | |
| 6572148648 | biome | A group of ecosystems that share similar climates and typical organisms | 8 | |
| 6572150281 | population density | Number of individuals per unit area | 9 | |
| 6572152225 | habitat | Physical area in which an organism lives | 10 | |
| 6572157640 | dynamic | characterized by continuous change or activity | 11 | |
| 6572164624 | BD model | The rate of change in the population (dN/dT) is equal to births minus deaths (B - D) | 12 | |
| 6572168351 | per capita | Per person, or per organism. For example, GDP per capita is total GDP divided by the number of people in the population. | 13 | |
| 6572171495 | demography | The scientific study of population characteristics. | 14 | |
| 6572173813 | survivorship | The fraction of individuals that survive from birth to different life stages | 15 | |
| 6572192119 | fecundity | The average number of offspring produced by an individual during a particular life stage, age or period of time. | 16 | |
| 6572200714 | mortality | Death rate in a population | 17 | |
| 6572209734 | doubling time | The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase. | 18 | |
| 6572211314 | density dependent | Depends on the number of members per unit area: predation, disease, parasites, competition | 19 | |
| 6572212945 | density independent | Limiting factor that affects all populations in similar ways, regardless of population size. | 20 | |
| 6572218999 | carrying capacity | Largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support | 21 | |
| 6572221838 | population equilibrium | When the population stops changing in size; it has reached a size that is called the carrying capacity, K. | 22 | |
| 6572230170 | interspecific interactions | any interaction between members of different species | 23 | |
| 6572241967 | limiting resource | resource that is in shortest supply relative to demand and therefore constrains the fitness of individuals | 24 | |
| 6572247538 | competition | A common demand by two or more organisms upon a limited supply of a resource; for example, food, water, light, space, mates, nesting sites. It may be intraspecific or interspecific. | 25 | |
| 6572251832 | intraspecific interaction | interactions among members of the same species | 26 | |
| 6572254310 | predation | An interaction in which one organism kills another for food. | 27 | |
| 6572256843 | herbivory | An interaction in which one animal feeds on producers | 28 | |
| 6572261572 | parasitism | A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed | 29 | |
| 6572263864 | mutualism | A relationship between two species in which both species benefit | 30 | |
| 6572265629 | commensalism | A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected | 31 | |
| 6572267359 | amensalism | A relationship between organisms of two different species in which one is unaffected and the other is negatively impacted by the association | 32 | |
| 6572271167 | rarity advantage | A species gains a growth advantage when it is at a low density and when it's competitor is at a high density (because the competitor will have more interspecific competition). Prevents the population from going to zero. | 33 | |
| 6572283271 | resource partitioning | The division of environmental resources by coexisting species such that the niche of each species differs by one or more significant factors from the niches of all coexisting species | 34 | |
| 6572288824 | autotroph | an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide. | 35 | |
| 6572293383 | heterotroph | An organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or substances derived from them. | 36 | |
| 6572306554 | trophic level | The position of an organism in relation to the flow of energy and inorganic nutrients through an ecosystem (e.g., producer, consumer, and decomposer). | 37 | |
| 6572313965 | primary producer | First producer of energy rich compounds that are later used by other organisms | 38 | |
| 6572316438 | primary consumer | An herbivore; an organism in the trophic level of an ecosystem that eats producers | 39 | |
| 6572321225 | secondary consumer | A trophic level of an ecosystem consisting of carnivores that eat herbivores. | 40 | |
| 6572324945 | tertiary consumer | Carnivore that eats carnivores. | 41 | |
| 6572328517 | omnivore | A consumer that eats both plants and animals | 42 | |
| 6572330750 | decomposer | An organism that breaks down wastes and dead organisms | 43 | |
| 6572332228 | food web | A community of organisms where there are several interrelated food chains | 44 | |
| 6572338037 | trophic cascade | A series of changes in the population sizes of organisms at different trophic levels in a food chain, occurring when predators at high trophic levels indirectly promote populations of organisms at low trophic levels by keeping species at intermediate trophic levels in check. | 45 | |
| 6572358842 | keystone species | A species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem | 46 | |
| 6572360756 | conservation | Protecting and preserving natural resources and the environment | 47 | |
| 6572366598 | altruism | Behaviors that are disadvantageous to the individual acting, but confer benefits to other members of its social group. | 48 | |
| 6572384402 | invasive species | species that enter new ecosystems and multiply, harming native species and their habitats | 49 | |
| 6572388034 | disturbance | A discrete event that disrupts an ecosystem or community. Examples: fires, hurricanes, tornadoes, droughts, and floods, deforestation, overgrazing, and plowing. | 50 | |
| 6615543765 | succession | The gradual and orderly process of change in an ecosystem brought about by the progressive replacement of one community by another until a stable climax is established | 51 | |
| 6615545508 | biomass | A measure of the total dry mass of organisms within a particular region | 52 | |
| 6615549226 | gross primary productivity | The amount of energy converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis per unit time in an ecosystem | 53 | |
| 6615555651 | net primary productivity | The storage of chemical energy in an ecosystem available to consumers. | 54 | |
| 6615567265 | Ecological efficiency | The proportion of consumed energy that can be passed from one trophic level to another. | 55 | |
| 6615568990 | niche | Full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions | 56 | |
| 6615578425 | species diversity | Variety of different kinds of organisms that make up a community. | 57 | |
| 6615579906 | species richness | The number of different species in a community. | 58 | |
| 6615581985 | species evenness | Distribution of species in the ecosystem | 59 | |
| 6615583446 | fragmentation | division, separation into parts, disorganization | 60 | |
| 6615593642 | biogeochemical cycle | Movement of a chemical through the biological and geological, or living and nonliving, parts of an ecosystem | 61 | |
| 6615596952 | nitrogen fixation | Process of converting nitrogen gas into nitrogen compounds that plants can absorb and use | 62 | |
| 6615600365 | denitrification | Conversion of nitrates into nitrogen gas | 63 | |
| 6615601870 | eutrophication | A process by which nutrients, particularly phosphorus and nitrogen, become highly concentrated in a body of water, leading to increased growth of organisms such as algae or cyanobacteria. | 64 | |
| 6633756515 | flux | The rate of movement of energy or of matter between two compartments of an ecosystem or the earth. | 65 |
