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| 11198867047 | Social Darwinism | The belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle. The application of ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies - particularly as a justification for their imperialist expansion. | 0 | |
| 11198896190 | Imperialism | A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. (especially when it refers to European expansion in the 19th century) | 1 | |
| 11198907723 | Indirect Rule | Colonial government in which local rulers are allowed to maintain their positions of authority and status | 2 | |
| 11198924919 | Direct Rule | system of colonial government in which the imperialist power controlled all levels of government and appointed its own officials to govern the colony. | 3 | |
| 11198937520 | Assimilation | the social process of absorbing one cultural group into harmony with another (especially is it applies to colonies assimilating to the culture of the colonizers) | 4 | |
| 11198971295 | Association | when colonizers would collaborate with the native peoples within their colonies and allow them to maintain their native traditions | 5 | |
| 11199002109 | Raj | British rule after India came under the British crown during the reign of Queen Victoria (taken away from British East India Company) | 6 | |
| 11199013213 | Suez Canal | A ship canal in northeastern Egypt linking the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea (especially good for Britain going to India) | 7 | |
| 11199021576 | Zanzibar | Major shipping port along the entire east coast during the early 19th century. Also became the largest slave market in Africa. | 8 | |
| 11199030586 | David Livingstone | a missionary from Scotland who traveled into central Africa to promote Christianity and got lost (he was famously found by Henry Morton Stanley) | 9 | |
| 11200711160 | Boers | Also known as Afrikaners, the sector of the white population of South Africa that was descended from early Dutch settlers. | 10 | |
| 11200711162 | Zulu | A people of modern South Africa whom King Shaka united beginning in 1818 (was conquered by the British in the late 1800's.) | 11 | |
| 11200732837 | "White Man's Burden" | the task that white colonizers believed they had to impose their civilization on the non-white inhabitants of their colonies. | 12 | |
| 11200744072 | Scramble for Africa | Sudden wave of conquests in Africa by European powers in the 1880s and 1890s. Britain obtained most of eastern Africa, France most of northwestern Africa. Other countries (Germany, Belgium, Portugal, Italy, and Spain) acquired lesser amounts. | 13 | |
| 11200746792 | Berlin Conference | A meeting from 1884-1885 at which representatives of European nations agreed on rules colonization of Africa | 14 | |
| 11200753533 | Cecile Rhodes | British entrepreneur and politician involved in the expansion of the British Empire into central Africa. The colonies of Rhodesia were named after him. | 15 | |
| 11200756571 | Lin Zexu | Distinguished Chinese official charged with stamping out opium trade in southern China; ordered blockade of European trading areas in Canton and confiscation of opium; sent into exile following the Opium War | 16 | |
| 11200759896 | Opium War | War between Britain and the Qing Empire that was, in the British view, occasioned by the Qing government's refusal to permit the importation of opium into its territories; the victorious British imposed the one-sided Treaty of Nanking on China. | 17 | |
| 11200763309 | Treaty of Tianjin | established in 1858. It opened opium trade and legalized it and made more ports open to Britain. After the treaty was registered by the Chinese, the British took Beijing in 1860. | 18 | |
| 11200768353 | Hong Kong | A British colony in China, received after the first Opium War and returned to China in 1997 | 19 | |
| 11200771389 | Taiping Rebellion | a mid-19th century rebellion against the Qing Dynasty in China, led by Hong Xiuquan (claimed to be the brother of Jesus). The most destructive civil war in China before the twentieth century. A Christian-inspired rural rebellion threatened to topple the Qing Empire. | 20 | |
| 11200785863 | Sino-Japanese War | (1894-1895) Japan's imperialistic war against China to gain control of natural resources and markets for their goods. It ended with the Treaty of Portsmouth which granted Japan Chinese port city trading rights, control of Manchuria, the annexation of the island of Sakhalin, and Korea became its protectorate. | 21 | |
| 11200801071 | 100 Days of Reform | Emperor Guangxu takes control for a little over 100 days and made a lot of reforms, worked with Liang Qichao, Epress dowager Cixi took him out of power before any good could come of the reforms; last efforts to halt decline of Qing Dynasty; western ways adapted | 22 | |
| 11200810537 | Open Door Policy | Statement of U.S. foreign policy toward China. Issued by U.S. secretary of state John Hay (1899), the statement reaffirmed the principle that all countries should have equal access to any Chinese port open to trade. | 23 | |
| 11200814761 | Boxer Rebellion | The Society of the Harmonious Fists tried to rid China of foreign influence by killing Christians and foreigners; lost and China lost more land to foreigners | 24 | |
| 11200835046 | Sun Yat-sen | Chinese nationalist revolutionary, founder and leader of the Guomindang until his death. He attempted to create a liberal democratic political movement in China but was thwarted by military leaders. | 25 | |
| 11200838395 | Matthew Perry | A commodore in the American navy. He forced Japan into opening its doors to trade, thus brining western influence to Japan while showing American might. | 26 | |
| 11200844889 | Meiji Restoration | In 1868, a Japanese state-sposored industrialization and westernization effort that also involved the elimination of the Shogunate and power being handed over to the Japanese Emperor, who had previously existed as mere spiritual/symbolic figure. | 27 | |
| 11200861433 | Meiji Constitution | New government of Japan after Meiji Restoration. Set forth the principle all citizens were equal, the emperor had autocratic power, but still a Diet or one elected house and one house appointed by the emperor; voting rights were limited; ended distinction between classes, set up schools, literacy increased, womens position went up | 28 | |
| 11200872061 | Zaibatsu | Large conglomerate corporations through which key elite families exerted a great deal of political and economic power in Imperial Japan. By WWII, four of them controlled most of the economy of Japan. | 29 | |
| 11200878464 | Russo-Japanese War | (1904-1905) War between Russia and Japan over imperial possessions (parts of Korea & Manchuria). Japan emerges victorious. | 30 | |
| 11198593940 | Conscription | compulsory enlistment for state service, typically into the armed forces. | 31 | |
| 11198599204 | Militarism | A policy of glorifying military power and keeping a standing army always prepared for war | 32 | |
| 11198610587 | Trench Warfare | A form of warfare in which opposing armies fight each other from trenches dug in the battlefield. | 33 | |
| 11198632261 | Total War | the channeling of a nation's entire resources into a war effort | 34 | |
| 11198636708 | War Guilt Clause | A provision in the Treaty of Versailles by which Germany acknowledged that it alone was responsible for WWI | 35 | |
| 11198646489 | Reparations | As part of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was ordered to pay fines to the Allies to repay the costs of the war. Opposed by the U.S., it quickly lead to a severe depression in Germany. | 36 | |
| 11198649991 | Mandates | A nation governed by another nation on behalf of the League of Nations (especially as it applies to former lands of Ottoman Empire that were divided between England and France) | 37 | |
| 11198708097 | Archduke Franz Ferdinand | Archduke of Austria Hungary assassinated by a Serbian in 1914. His murder was one of the causes of WW I. | 38 | |
| 11198668672 | Blank Check Theory | Germany gave assurance to Austria that no matter what they had their unconditional support in war | 39 | |
| 11198717577 | Schlieffen Plan | Attack plan by Germans, proposed by Schliffen, lightning quick attack against France. Proposed to go through Belgium then attack France, Belgium resisted, other countries took up their aid, long fight, used trench warfare. | 40 | |
| 11198777637 | T. E. Lawrence | colonel who led Britain to help the Arabs overthrow the Ottoman Empire. Known as a "romantic" hero, because after he led these attacks, the Middle East was under control of the Allies. | 41 | |
| 11198790091 | Lusitania | A British passenger ship that was sunk by a German U-Boat on May 7, 1915. 128 Americans died. The sinking greatly turned American opinion against the Germans, helping the move towards entering the war. | 42 | |
| 11198800322 | George Clemenceau | French prime minister in last years of WWI and during Versailles Conference of 1919. Pushed for heavy reparations from Germans. Wanted to make Germans suffer and help break Germany up. | 43 | |
| 11198808057 | David Lloyd George | Britain's prime minister at the end of World War I whose goal was to make the Germans pay for the other countries' staggering war losses | 44 | |
| 11198814135 | Fourteen Points (14 Points) | A series of proposals in which U.S. president Woodrow Wilson outlined a plan for achieving a lasting peace after World War I. | 45 | |
| 11198817781 | Treaty of Versaille | the treaty imposed on Germany by the Allied powers in 1920 after the end of World War I which demanded exorbitant reparations from the Germans | 46 | |
| 11198830058 | League of Nations | A world organization established in 1920 to promote international cooperation and peace. It was first proposed in 1918 by President Woodrow Wilson, although the United States never joined the League. Essentially powerless, it was officially dissolved in 1946. | 47 | |
| 11198839570 | Triple Alliance | An alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy in the years before WWI. | 48 | |
| 11198843756 | Triple Entente | An alliance between Great Britain, France and Russia in the years before WWI. | 49 | |
| 11198846603 | Great Depression | (HH) , starting with collapse of the US stock market in 1929, period of worldwide economic stagnation and depression. Heavy borrowing by European nations from USA during WW1 contributed to instability in European economies. Sharp declines in income and production as buying and selling slowed down. Widespread unemployment, countries raised tariffs to protect their industries. America stopped investing in Europe. Lead to loss of confidence that economies were self adjusting, HH was blamed for it | 50 |
