Terms : Hide Images
| 9872193290 | Jomon | first japanese settlements | 0 | |
| 8365143129 | nomad | a person or a group of people that does not stay in one place and changes position to follow a food source | 1 | |
| 8365157420 | peopling of the world | early hominids left africa by crossing straits between ethiopia, yemen, oman, iran. Sailed to Australia. Travelled to china and europe | 2 | |
| 8365207053 | pastoralism | a branch of agriculture concerned with the raising of livestock | 3 | |
| 8365222022 | cuneiform | one of the earliest systems of writing invented by the sumarians wedge shaped marks on clay tablets | 4 | |
| 8365267676 | Code of Hammurabi | the Babylonian code of law for the ancient civilization of Mesopotamia strict and harsh | 5 | |
| 8365286327 | Hinduism | an Indian religion and way of life polytheistic | 6 | |
| 8365323881 | vedas | knowledge or truths | 7 | |
| 8365336148 | Upanishads | writings that laid the foundation of monism apposed to polytheism proclaimed a transcendent 1st principle as universal truth | 8 | |
| 8365367927 | 1st principle of the Upanishads | attain unity by merging atman (self) brahman (universal self) to achieve salvation/ transcendence or moksha | 9 | |
| 8365386421 | patriarchy | a social system in which males hold primary power and predominant roles in political leadership, moral authority, and social privilege | 10 | |
| 8365412430 | Mandate of Heaven | allowed justification for a change in rule/ change in dynasties if the ruler has unjust moral order | 11 | |
| 8365444546 | neolithic revolution | the transition from a hunter-gatherer society to an agricultural settlement society | 12 | |
| 8365463404 | sumeria | the earliest known civilization in mesopotamia | 13 | |
| 8365477534 | Babylonia | an ancient Anatolian people Had Hammurabi code | 14 | |
| 8374761370 | Assyrians | ancient Mesopotamian civilization | 15 | |
| 8374790285 | Persian Empire | a large empire in the area surrounding the Middle East | 16 | |
| 8374823396 | Zoroastrianism | the national religion of the empire of Persia polytheistic | 17 | |
| 8374836484 | Persian Administration | kings called shanishah or "king of kings" satraps collected taxes language was imperial arabic luxury trade created the "royal roads"- first highways | 18 | |
| 8374869502 | Confucianism | one of the 3 major schools of thought created by Kong Futzi provides the basis for the bureaucracy and ideals for a perfect moral order for Chinese society | 19 | |
| 8374998180 | Daoism | one of the 3 major schools of thought created by Laozi concept of Dao as the ordering principle of the universe no single path of action in tune with nature | 20 | |
| 8375066400 | dao | the way | 21 | |
| 8375066402 | legalism | most severe of major 3 schools a system of uniform laws based on absolute will of the ruler harsh, explicit laws state was all important | 22 | |
| 8375091824 | Buddhism | founded by Siddhartha Gautama the middle way governed by the by the 4 noble truths one of the 3 major schools of thought traveled through trade appealed to many people | 23 | |
| 8379773527 | 4 noble truths | all life is suffering suffering arises from craving to stop suffering, one must stop craving one stops craving by following the eightfold path | 24 | |
| 8379821982 | olmecs | early Mesoamerican civilization first tree tappers made basalt statues had glyphic writing had bloodletting for human sacrifice cannibalism | 25 | |
| 8379880662 | Judaism | a monastic religion with the Torah as its foundational text were a widely persecuted group | 26 | |
| 8379947309 | Christianity | a monastic religion that was widely adopted by many people to create one of the biggest regions known today | 27 | |
| 8380059975 | Theravada Buddhism | the lesser vehicle a branch of buddhism that evolved in india but spread to Vietnam through missionaries | 28 | |
| 8383862476 | mahayana budhism | the greater vehicle another branch of buddhism the largest and most widely used branch of buddhism | 29 | |
| 8383887645 | Mauryan Empire | empire in India in which buddhism grew to full capacity thanks to Ashoka divided into 4 regional districts standardized weights and measures | 30 | |
| 8383887646 | Shang China | hereditary kingship and social stratification | 31 | |
| 8383904009 | Mohenjo- Daro and Harrapa | earliest Indus valley settlement harrapa in north, mohenjo-daro in south elaborated trade networks | 32 | |
| 8383980630 | Ashoka | emperor of the Mauryan Empire a buddhist who vowed to rule his kingdom by right conduct alone practiced ahimsa-nonviolence ran a police state | 33 | |
| 8383998088 | Gupta Empire | considered to be the classical age of Indian culture primary religion is hinduism science, poetry, and mathematics thrived | 34 | |
| 8384013745 | Chandragupta I | first major ruler of the Gupta Empire | 35 | |
| 8384019074 | Qin Shi Huang | the first emperor of China started the Qin dynasty had a legalistic based political system ordered the destruction of Confucian texts | 36 | |
| 8384031199 | Xiongnu | a group of nomadic peoples who inhabited the eastern Asian steppe were the reason for the creation of the great wall | 37 | |
| 8384045622 | Zhou dynasty | Chinese dynasty that conquered the Shang had 4 powerful states: Qi, Jin, Qin, Chu weak central government and rough balance of power among states when states began feuding, it started the warring states period | 38 | |
| 8384092414 | Silk Route | expansion of maritime trade and spreading of chinese technology and products spread religions through trade | 39 | |
| 8384110890 | Phoenicians | a civilization that inhabited the Mediterranean and were great ship men | 40 | |
| 8384155934 | Persian wars with greece | persian monarchy waged war with greek city-states greeks unified and battled and defeated the persians at marathon and at salamis | 41 | |
| 8384183077 | Solon | performed economic reforms that led to Athenian democracy in Greece | 42 | |
| 8384191154 | Pericles | a Greek general during the Persian and Peloponesian wars | 43 | |
| 8384212591 | Socrates | a Greek philosopher who is credited as being one of the founders of Western philosophy | 44 | |
| 8384264555 | Plato | a philosopher who founded the academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning | 45 | |
| 8384280854 | Aristotle | studied basically everything created Aristotelian logic | 46 | |
| 8384297627 | Homer | author of the Iliad ad the odyssey, the central works of Greek literature | 47 | |
| 8384314154 | peloponnesian wars | Athens vs Sparta sparta won | 48 | |
| 8384328815 | Alexander the Great | son of Phillip of Macedonia defeated the Persian empire invaded and occupied India after death, generals divided empire amongst themselves | 49 | |
| 8384353889 | Punic Wars | a series of wars fought between Rome and Carthage Carthage was the Roman Empires biggest rival when they were trying to consolidate their power | 50 | |
| 8384370936 | Constantine | a roman empire that made Christianity the state religion and declared the Nicene creed | 51 | |
| 8384406051 | Nicene Creed | a symbol of faith where Jesus and God are the same being | 52 | |
| 8384415425 | Islam | created by Muhammad a universal religion using the Q'uran as its central book | 53 | |
| 8384471989 | Shia | believe that Ali was the rightful Caliph believe that a descendant to Muhammad should be the caliph | 54 | |
| 8384497561 | Sunni | Believe that Islam should be under control of the Ulama (prayer leader) belive that Abu Bakr was rightful caliph | 55 | |
| 8384511524 | Q'uran | Islamic book of the teachings of God | 56 | |
| 8384525782 | hijra | the migration from Mecca to Medina by Muhammad Islamic calender starts at Mecca | 57 | |
| 8384541753 | Pillars of Islam | Shahada: there is only 1 god and Muhammad is the prophet, profession of faith hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca once in a lifetime salat: prayer 5 times toward Mecca zakat: giving to the poor sawm: fasting during the month of Ramadan | 58 | |
| 8384580900 | caliphate | a state under the state of an Islamic leader known as a caliph | 59 | |
| 8384597103 | Umayyad Caliphate | Abd al-Malik proclaimed as first caliph unified under a central religion first caliphate after Muhammads death | 60 | |
| 8384612731 | Abassid Caliphate | durring this caliphate it caused the Sunni, Shia split when Ali was killed and Abu Bakr assumed position as caliph sponsored academics | 61 | |
| 8384636493 | Justinians Code | roman code of civil law | 62 | |
| 8385088694 | Merovingians | established by Clovis a Frankish King adopted Christianity | 63 | |
| 8385114510 | Carolingians | an aristocratic family, the carolingians took control of frankish lands had leaders such as Charles Martel and Peppin the short | 64 | |
| 8385139471 | Charles Martel | carolingian king who defeated the Muslims at the battle of Tours which made him the most powerful force in latin christiandom | 65 | |
| 8385152301 | Pepin the Short | succeeded Martel and was crowned by pope as the king of the Franks his coronation started a Franco-Papal alliance kings call themselves "kings by the grace of god" | 66 | |
| 8385177544 | feudalism | an economic governance system in which lords had control over land that which vassals worked on to get a share of the land | 67 | |
| 8385203530 | chivalry | the medieval knighting system of moral, religious, and social order | 68 | |
| 8385221010 | bubonic plague | a mass epidemic in which the virus yersinia pestis spread through flea, rat, and human transmission. spread through humans through trade and poor hygiene | 69 | |
| 8385668737 | T'ang dynasty | golden age of Chinese History succeeded the Sui Dynasty based their government model off of the Sui | 70 | |
| 8385678105 | Song dynasty | overcame regionalism and centralized authority traded with Japan, Philippians, and Indonesia | 71 | |
| 8385714057 | Yuan dynasty | started by Khubilai Khan when he defeated song emperor adopted Chinese society to administer densely populated society regarded as Chinas darkest time | 72 | |
| 8385748013 | Sufis | a branch of mystical islam | 73 | |
| 8385757865 | rise of mongols | ruled by Ghengis Khan skilled horsemen and archers administered an immense area | 74 | |
| 8385776239 | ottoman turks | replaced the Byzantine empire and was one of the longest lasting empires in history sustained by islam | 75 | |
| 8385812493 | Vladimir of Russia | begining of russia as kievan rus, the first slavic state | 76 | |
| 8385829207 | Charlemagne | inherited frankish crown from Pepin created the 1st unified Christian empire and largest empire since Rome highly centralized administration orchestrated educational reform crowned Holy Roman Emperor | 77 | |
| 8385863052 | Vikings | were the first to visit the americas in canada | 78 | |
| 8385880040 | Axum | in africa adopted christianity in the coptic church | 79 | |
| 8385970133 | Lucy | the most compete pre-courser to the line that leads to humans | 80 | |
| 8385977812 | paleolithic | the old stone age | 81 | |
| 8385984262 | Acheulian toolmaking | a technique which consisted of flaking a hard piece of rock on both sides into a triangle shaped hand axe with cutting edges, a hand held side, and a point | 82 | |
| 8385997985 | forager societies | the combination of the male dominated hunt with the communal gathering of vegetable foods gender equality was the norm | 83 | |
| 8386012057 | grave sites and human culture | evidence of belief in another world | 84 | |
| 8386018992 | Dreamtime | in Australian dreamtime shamans constructs an image of reality of the lineages origins and roots, going back to the time when the world was created | 85 | |
| 8386035766 | Bradshaw cave paintings | australian rock paintings | 86 | |
| 8386043005 | neanderthals | another human like species smaller and more heavily boned thought to be descended of homo erectus | 87 | |
| 8386057526 | venus figurines | fertility symbols women have power by being connected to earth | 88 | |
| 8386065789 | Beringia and most recent ice age | during the coldest period of ice age, glovbal sea levels dropped 450 feet land bridge connected indonesia to malasia, japan to korea, and asia to north america | 89 | |
| 8386086505 | Clovis points | an advanced shaping of a tool | 90 | |
| 8386098600 | Monsoons | fundamental to Indian agriculture | 91 | |
| 8386106454 | Mehgarh | oldest neolithic site on Indian subcontinent | 92 | |
| 8386115415 | Cotton | harappans were first to use cotton as clothing | 93 | |
| 8386121627 | The swastika | originally a symbol of te vedic religion but was later converted to a symbol of hate by the Nazis | 94 | |
| 8386144818 | vedic religion | writings in rig veda polytheistic | 95 | |
| 8386155307 | phallic symbols | stones in the shape or means to evoke the male sex organ indian religion was uses a host of phallic images in shrines, rituals, and festivals | 96 | |
| 8386178459 | Indo-Europeans | domesticated the horse migrated east and west across continent proto indo european language bronze age technology | 97 | |
| 8386193451 | Rig Veda | dimension of spirituality known as knowledge or truths first religious text of India and maybe the world | 98 | |
| 8386215563 | maharajas | kings of india | 99 | |
| 8386224371 | Caste system | social organization based on occupation and social status | 100 | |
| 8386231959 | Varna | 4 main caste systems with many castes in between | 101 | |
| 8386237737 | Dharma | the teachings what is morally right the duty of all people | 102 | |
| 8386248384 | Bhagavad-Gita | poem about dharma, ones duty, and the proper role of a person | 103 | |
| 8386254965 | Karma | residue of ones actions | 104 | |
| 8386260178 | samsara | reincarnation or rebirth | 105 | |
| 8386265599 | nirvana | the ultimate goal by following Dharma | 106 | |
| 8386271248 | Isolation of China | chinas isolation from other civilizations facilitated cultural and political unification | 107 | |
| 8386285832 | Yellow River | yellow river is unpredictable and altered known as Chinas sorrow | 108 | |
| 8386294895 | wellfield system | taxing mechanism | 109 | |
| 8386325444 | Sikhism | brings together elements of Hinduism and Islam | 110 | |
| 8386331590 | Neo-Confucianism | blend of Confucianism Buddhism and Daosim practical and theoretical territorial expansion int japan and Korea | 111 | |
| 8386355840 | Tea and silk | china and western relations silk desired as opposed to wool tea was healthy and made water safe to drink | 112 | |
| 8386367526 | Marco Polo | went along the silk road to get to China | 113 | |
| 8386383232 | Yalu River | forms part of the present dividing line with Manchuria Korea kingdom builds its own version of the great wall for Korea | 114 | |
| 8399888681 | Zhu Yuanzhi and Ming dynasty | overthrew the mongol dynasty in china and inaugurated the ming dynasty made plans to include Korea | 115 | |
| 8399896088 | influence of China on Korea | style and institutions highly centralized government chinese model of prefectures and districts uniform law code permanent hereditary class structure confucian exam structure for official class | 116 | |
| 8399929674 | wellfield model | square area of land divided into 9 blocks 8 outer sections privately cultivated by serfs center section commonly cultivated for land owning serfs | 117 | |
| 8400103271 | Han-gul style of Korean Writing | korean phonetic script written much simpler and closer to vernacular became language of commoners and women | 118 | |
| 8400129075 | taika reform | beginning of Japanese imperial state expansion of multiple political groups and clans concept of mandate of heaven adopted a census was enacted mandating these changes Taiho code for the basis of Japanese law | 119 | |
| 8400194985 | mandate of heaven in Japan | adopted so that the Japanese could overthrow the Sogas | 120 | |
| 8400203289 | Shinto | national religion of Japan worship of the past many gods revered ancestors that were considered divine emperors ruled by divine right | 121 | |
| 8400220103 | Evolution of Feudalism in Japan | military strength was diffusing from the court and capital into the countryside Uji assembled forces bureaucracy had become weaker as Uji asserted power wellfield system became a chronic problem court divided by factional disputes | 122 | |
| 8400237566 | Kamikaze | mongols tried to invade Japan by sea but were stopped by a typhoon known as Kamikaze winds | 123 | |
| 8400246656 | BUshido | the way of the warrior a strict system of loyalty and honor that must be upheld by the samurai | 124 | |
| 8400252987 | seppuku | a form of japanese ritual suicide where a samurai was loyal to his daimyo till death | 125 | |
| 8400273354 | Zen Buddhism | spread among the daimyo and the samurai seeks to achieve satori- a flash of enlightenment signaling the recovery of ones buddha nature lowly repetitive tasks like meditation and contemplating paradoxes | 126 | |
| 8400296092 | Chinese influence on Vietnam | north vietnam incorporated into China under the Qin, Han, Sui, and Tang Danh Bo linh first emperor of vietnam vietnam incorporated Chinese law codes, similar writing system, and government structures southern vietnam developed in a different way by adopted Therevada buddhism | 127 | |
| 8400322861 | Theravada Buddhism in Vietnam | developed in the southern part of vietnam Yue became one of first outoposts outside of India through missionaries | 128 | |
| 8400336716 | Confucian governance in Vietnamese villages | provincial governors, prefects, and magistrates that collected taxes | 129 | |
| 8400343927 | Tam giao "the tree systems" | Mahayana Buddhism, Confucianism, Daosim | 130 | |
| 8400356668 | Vietnam fully sinicized | during Le dynasty Chinese law codes, dress histories, literary projects, writing styles, adopted | 131 | |
| 8400380183 | Coptic Christianity | Christian church based in Egypt, Northeast Africa, and the Middle East | 132 | |
| 8400389815 | Zagwe dynasty | Ethiopia political stability formed dominant royal power that continued the tradition of church sponsorship one of most productive agricultural regions in sub saharan africa ran by a king ruling by divine right with a confederation of provincial lords | 133 | |
| 8403123704 | Conversion to islam through trade | Arabs driven by centralizing caliphs established trade contacts with the bantu speaking villagers in coastal East Africa Villagers adapted themselves to long distance trade and Islamic civilization | 134 | |
| 8403141406 | Mali as a center of Trade | new gold fields produced long distance luxury trade financed itself with tax on trade and commerce | 135 | |
| 8403149619 | Mansa Musa | the most famous ruler in Mali founded a college and a library as part of the Sankore Mosque | 136 | |
| 8403157184 | Timbuktu | an immense trade outpost connecting many large cities flourished even when its imperial overlord, Mali, became more loosely organized | 137 | |
| 8403182581 | Great Zimbabwe | primary source of income was cattle grain and regional trade Royal clans maintained small military force kingdoms collected tribute from outlying villages, but could not destroy chieftainships stable balance between kings and chiefs | 138 | |
| 8403451251 | Zimbabwean kings | kings said to possess magical powers which entitled that only blood descendants could inherit the throne | 139 | |
| 8403451252 | TRADE!!!!! | trade facilitated the spread of ideas and customs as well as facilitated the spread of goods | 140 | |
| 8439693335 | aztecs | immense empire warrior-like nature state constantly at war lots of sacrifice to gods collapsed because of smallpox- brought by spaniards | 141 | |
| 8439703665 | aztec religion | gods were bloodthirsty and required sacrificial rituals rulers were of divine being | 142 | |
| 8439707899 | Inca` | isolated trading empire no fixation of war and sacrifice collapsed because of diseases- brought by Spaniards and because their territory was overextended | 143 | |
| 8439716672 | incan religion | gods were protective of the societyq | 144 | |
| 8439723988 | mayans | city states with imposing temple pyramids and palaces largest early center in mesoamerica kings were of divine being | 145 | |
| 8439741364 | mayan calenders | 260 day calendar 365 day calendar calendar round long count calendar | 146 | |
| 8439746375 | mayan collapse | peasant revolts soil exhaustion disease drought cooler weather ideological fatigue | 147 | |
| 9871207468 | Bureaucracy | Government by officials; a system of government or (in later use) administration by a hierarchy of professional administrators following clearly defined procedures in a routine and organized manner. | 148 | |
| 9871210539 | Theocracy | A form of government in which God (or a deity) is recognized as the king or immediate ruler, and his laws are taken as the statute-book of the kingdom, these laws being usually administered by a priestly order as his ministers and agents; hence (loosely) a system of government by a sacerdotal order, claiming a divine commission; also, a state so governed: esp. applied to the commonwealth of Israel from the exodus to the election of Saul as king. | 149 | |
| 9871217937 | Oligarchy | governed by the upper class/ wealthy | 150 | |
| 9871221415 | Monarchy | Senses relating to exclusive sovereignty or rule by a single sovereign. | 151 | |
| 9871227316 | Democracy | A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives. By the people, for the people (elected president, three-part government). | 152 | |
| 9871230636 | Republic | A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch. | 153 | |
| 9871234637 | Socialism | A political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole. | 154 | |
| 9871238288 | Communism | A political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs. | 155 | |
| 9872202116 | bantu migration | movement of the Bantu people with 400 spoken languages brought agriculture, cattle -raising, language, and disease | 156 | |
| 9872232538 | Reconquista | started with the conquest of Granada Muslim territories reclaimed by the Spanish throne | 157 | |
| 9872403367 | Spanish Inquisition | started by Ferdinand II and Isabella in Spain Enhanced political reforms religious reforms focused on education for the clergy and a stricter enforcement of the christian doctrine Muslims, Jews, and non Christians forced to convert of to leave | 158 | |
| 9872419544 | Columbus | Sailed the ocean blue in 1492 endorsed by Queen Isabella to find a faster route to India Landed on the Bahama islands | 159 | |
| 9872428581 | Vasco De Gama | Portuguese explorer who landed on Calicut | 160 | |
| 9872444727 | Late Byzantium | conquered by the Ottomans last emperor was Constantine XI | 161 | |
| 9872454249 | Rise of Habsburgs | daughter of Isabella and Ferdinand married a member of the Habsburg dynastic family their son Charles V inherited Spain and won title of emperor from the Pope Habsburgs and Ottomans renewed the Islamic-christian imperialism | 162 | |
| 9872466043 | Colonialism | going to another place to take wealth | 163 | |
| 9872478149 | Janissaries | Centrally paid infantry soldiers kidnapped at young age and raised Muslim and trained to fight for ottoman empire | 164 | |
| 9872492972 | gun powder empires | Ottomans, Safavids, Muhgals | 165 | |
| 9872511361 | extractive colony | primary use is to mine and to run plantations with slavery and the encomienda system to generate cash crops, gold, and silver | 166 | |
| 9872519842 | missionary colony | Jesuits and the Franciscans came to convert and preserve native tradition was used for settling and learning. | 167 | |
| 9872531538 | Holy Christian league | Phillip of the Habsburgs, the pope, Venice, and Genoa formed the holy christian league to destroy ottoman steam power | 168 | |
| 9880309880 | moriscos | Iberian Muslims under the protection of the Ottomans | 169 | |
| 9880326993 | Charles V centralized state | Spanish monarch derived revenue from tax farmers Muslims paid head taxes in cash landholders possessed legal right to inheritance and met in Spanish courts to enforce property rights | 170 | |
| 9880346074 | mercantalism | an economic system and policy designed to enforce the most trade and accumulation of wealth in specie | 171 | |
| 9880356720 | mercantalist powers | Portugal, Spain, France, England, and the Netherlands | 172 | |
| 9880372761 | Conquest of the Aztec Empire | Cortes of Spain reached the court of the Aztecs and was greeted by chief Montezuma, but Cortes put Montezuma under house arrest and massacred the Aztec people and the last Aztec chief. | 173 | |
| 9880392067 | Conquest of the Inca Empire | smallpox ravaged the Inca Empire killing the emperor which lead to a war of succession leading to a new emperor which lead to Francisco Pizarro capturing and killing the last Inca emperor, thus paralyzing the entire empire. | 174 | |
| 9880421528 | Spanish success in the Americas | conquistadors were at top of imperial pyramid and threw off court balance utilized indigenous religion introduced European diseases | 175 | |
| 9880435981 | Spanish Colonial Institutions in the Americas | Spanish crown established administrative hierarchies with governors at the top Spanish expedition earned more from slavery than gold labor assignments established to phase out encomienda system | 176 | |
| 9880457673 | creoles | People of direct Spanish descent born in the Americas created Oligarchies in the Americas | 177 | |
| 9880472000 | the ming dynasty | founder was Hongwu rebuilt the economy because of the plauge, famine, and market collapse considered the Golden Age | 178 | |
| 9880494722 | trade in the ming dynasty | trade was tightly controlled and regulated with sealed borders because of the fear of Europeans infecting Chinese society. Only foreigners able to come into china were missionaries | 179 | |
| 9880518839 | Ming Dynasty government | diarchy- equal rule through a confederation | 180 | |
| 9880542150 | Songhay Empire in Africa | successor of Mali leading clans converted to Islam Mali became vassal state of Songhay ended when Moroccan forces invaded | 181 | |
| 9880558019 | Portuguese contact with Africa | occupied Moroccan part of Ceuta used slaves for the establishment of sugar plantations ruler of the Kongo converted to Christianity and established close relations with Portugal | 182 | |
| 9880577337 | American Plantation Society | slave labor used to grow cash crops enslavement of Africans lead to the largest human migration in all of world history African slaves reduced to chattel status- an item of personal property the color line was born/ racism | 183 | |
| 9880592631 | Caribbean plantations | because of the disappearance of Native Americans, the need for forced labor went up Spanish crown allowed to import slaves for gold mining it was economically more desirable to work slaves to death than to cultivate slave families | 184 | |
| 9880614886 | Mercantilism in the Caribbean | Dutch, English, French, and Spanish all attacked each others colonies governments issued privateers granting permission to attack enemy ships | 185 | |
| 9880637408 | The fatal triangle | goods were transported to Europe from the Americas, ships from Europe went to Africa to capture slaves, and from Africa the ships went to America to deposit the slaves. | 186 | |
| 9880651219 | African Diaspora | slaves brought food, song, and culture with them from Africa that were adapted into American culture | 187 | |
| 9880665195 | the empire of Timur | dominant religion was Islam founded by Timur Gurgan | 188 | |
| 9880677295 | Timur Gurgan | founder of the Timur Empire wanted to create the next Mongol Empire believed he was guided by god | 189 | |
| 9880686049 | Timur line in India | Zahir ud Din Muhammad Babur (Babur) claimed direct lineage to Timur and Genghis Khan lead successful conquests of the Hindu Rajputs (military) empire known as the House of Timur or the Mughals | 190 | |
| 9880727042 | House of Timur | forced with the problem of consolidating the empire Baburs successor, Hamayun, not concerned with leadership and faced many hostile forces after his death, Hamayun, successed by Akbar | 191 | |
| 9880743812 | Akbar | emperor of the Mughal Empire tried to reconcile the different religious traditions in his empire preached religious freedom tried to develop a new religion called din-i ilahi | 192 | |
| 9880832283 | Taj Mahal | emperor Shah Jahan built an elaborate tomb for his wife Mumtaz Mahal when she died | 193 | |
| 9880837750 | Muslim India Persionized | the shiite persians saw Mughal India as an outpost of culture and Mughal elites adopted Persian Culture, language, and religion | 194 | |
| 9880847315 | Religious syncretism | the belief that anybody can practice whatever religion they want | 195 | |
| 9880859134 | British East India Company | britain establsihed a naval port at Bombay and the Hugli river England required raw materials and sought out foreign markets in India | 196 | |
| 9880865425 | Mughal political structure | Akbar created 4 principle ministries: taxation and revenue, legal and religious affairs, army and military, and royal household | 197 | |
| 9880880613 | science and technology in Mughal Empire | Arabic numerals, Indian decimal system, pi to nine decimals, calculated elliptical orbits of visible planets | 198 | |
| 9880893983 | artistic style of Mughal Empire | gouache style paintings: water colors with gum base combination of vibrant colors and delicate Persian miniature work | 199 | |
| 9880910594 | Chinese style government | neo Confucian, centralized government with an emperor | 200 | |
| 9880917077 | Japanese style government | descentralized, unstable Shogunate | 201 | |
| 9880922311 | social structure of China | mobility within the ranks of society using confucian civil service exams | 202 | |
| 9880928982 | Social structure of Japan | strict caste system | 203 | |
| 9880931411 | Chinese and Japanese trade | closed off trade, although China was more receptive | 204 | |
| 9880945664 | high level equilibrium trap | everything is equal but there is no trend of growth no side can win long periods of stagnation | 205 | |
| 9880952085 | the banner system | Japanese 8 banner system for Manchu officials for taxation purposes each banner represented a military base | 206 | |
| 9880959740 | Ming decline | periodic rebellion in the north Hideyoshi of Japan weakened military force Manchus captured capital and established Qing dynasty | 207 | |
| 9880974724 | grand council | an advisory board to the emperor | 208 | |
| 9880981613 | neo confucianism | combination of confucianism, daoism, and buddhism | 209 | |
| 9880984428 | Bakufu | moving tent government in Japans shogunate | 210 | |
| 9881003041 | Zibatsu | cartel of merchants in feudal japan | 211 | |
| 9881011088 | causes of the American revolution | British taxation, dislike of monarchy, desire for independence, a defined middle class | 212 | |
| 9881024249 | causes of the French revolution | crippling debt, dislike of monarchical life, food production couldn't keep up with growing population, didn't want a hereditary aristocracy | 213 | |
| 9881038201 | 3 estates | Clergy, aristocrats, and commoners the 3rd estate was the middle class | 214 | |
| 9881042342 | Joseph Sieyes | a leader in the French Revolution | 215 | |
| 9881044702 | 3 phases of the French Revolution | 1. constitutional monarchy: National Assembly issues the Declaration of the Rights of Man 2. radical Republicanism: revolutionaries couldn't establish a constitutional regime, government declared war on bordering neighbors, republicans disposed of the king 3. military consolidation: an emasculation of the committee of public safety | 216 | |
| 9881075505 | Napoleon | Overthrew the ineffective Directory in France and ended the Revolution Reformed the French legal system ended by an alliance of Britain, Austria, Prussia, and Russia | 217 | |
| 9881090660 | Toussaint L'Ouverture | a leader in the Haitian revolution after the Government implied racist measure to deprive slaves of privileged. | 218 | |
| 9881099268 | Haitian Revolution | Slaves brutally treated by French government that lead to a revolution | 219 | |
| 9884938201 | main characteristics of the Haitian, French, and American revolutions | 1. down with monarchy and hereditary aristocracy 2. defined middle class | 220 | |
| 9884944149 | Enlightenment | European intellectual movement growing out of new sciences and based on Descartes concept of reality | 221 | |
| 9884951420 | Rousseau | a believer in the religious morality of the masses imposed his social contract: humans have suffered a decline from their natural state ever since civilization has began | 222 | |
| 9884959017 | Diderot | dealt with science, industry, commerce, freedome of though, slavery, and religious tolerance | 223 | |
| 9884964266 | G Herder | argued for cultural nationalism responsible for the volkgeist | 224 | |
| 9884972007 | cultural nationalism | holding pride in culture and believing every place has its own unique culture and that culture is defined by language | 225 | |
| 9884984023 | Volkgeist | spirit of the people | 226 | |
| 9884987229 | Bismark | forged the German state out of Prussia and the Holy Roman Empire through the Franco-Prussian war | 227 | |
| 9884991436 | Real politik | realist politics, like machiavelli, the ends justify the means | 228 | |
| 9884995389 | Cavour/ Garabaldi | founders of Italy | 229 | |
| 9884998543 | August Comte | founder of positivism | 230 | |
| 9885002135 | positivism | all of knowledge has to be scientific opposite of Romantisism | 231 | |
| 9885004531 | Romantisism | rejected rationalism and science and focused on literature, arts, and music | 232 | |
| 9885009802 | Adam Smith | an economist philosopher wrote the Wealth of Nations and created an attack on Mercantalism | 233 | |
| 9885013580 | Goethe | greatest German poet | 234 | |
| 9896520807 | Downfall to the ottoman empire | insufficient tax revenue civil wars too much territory Napoleon Bonaparte captured Egypt never modernized | 235 | |
| 9896541174 | Peter the Great, Catherine the Great, Alexander II | tried to bring Russia into the modern world Peter persecuted old believers of Russia Catherine introduced education to peasants | 236 | |
| 9896554044 | October Manifesto | allowed the parliament of Russia to meet and make laws and make a constitution | 237 | |
| 9896566320 | Industrial Revolution | mass production of goods in a factory setting new technologies in weapons and consumer goods transition from rural to urban lifestyles forced child labor and low wages | 238 | |
| 9896578493 | syndicalism | government by the workers | 239 | |
| 9896580684 | Hagel | the dialect of history conflict history is about the consequences of the clash of ideas | 240 | |
| 9896587387 | Karl Marx | created the ideology of Communism bergouise vs the Peasants | 241 | |
| 9896597516 | Communism | sexism, racism, homophobia are all created by the economic classes everyone owns something everyone is equal no government | 242 | |
| 9896605850 | Quinine | an antibiotic that fights against malaria in Africa | 243 | |
| 9896625562 | WW1 | trench warfare started by the assassination of the Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand by a Serb Germany joins Austria Hungary and the Ottomans central powers vs the allies | 244 | |
| 9896662445 | transition from WW1 to WW2 | WW1 created a lost generation of men that died in the trenches 1919-1939: false peace as germany rearmed as a fascist government | 245 | |
| 9896677283 | WW2 | Adolf HItler and the Nazi regime tortured and killed millions of Jewish people and tried to create a pure "Aryan" race Axis vs Allies | 246 | |
| 9896691667 | Rape of Nanking | Japanese invaded and massacred Chinese people in Nanking | 247 | |
| 9896700525 | Fascism | a reaction against liberalism ideology that focuses on the state above all else a combination of imperialism, nationalism, purity of a race, social Darwinism, and romantic irrationalism | 248 | |
| 9896731463 | zionism | created by Theodore Hertzl a movement where Jews were entitled to a national homeland corresponding with the territory in Biblical Israel. | 249 | |
| 9896740328 | Cold War | US/ NATO vs USSR/Eastern Block/ PRC capitalism vs communism both sides held nuclear warheads Mutually assured destruction waged proxy wars in Asia, the middle east, and Africa | 250 | |
| 9896766361 | Post Colonialism | a bipolar world, the decolonization of Africa, Latin America, Asia, Middle East. Their independence played a role in the cold war | 251 | |
| 9896971931 | Colombian Exchange | involved the connection between African population to the Western hemisphere; Western Hemisphere food to Europe and Africa; African and European diseases to the Western Hemisphere | 252 | |
| 9896989093 | Slave labor cash crops in the Americas | sugar, cotton, tobacco | 253 | |
| 9897006899 | the second industrial revolution | associated with electricity, steel, and chemicals | 254 | |
| 9897022593 | nationalism | nation above all national self identity | 255 | |
| 9897043024 | liberalism | individual rights/ dignity nobody is above the law | 256 | |
| 9897049380 | romantic irrationalism | better to feel than to think | 257 | |
| 9897061675 | volk | purity of a race of people used by the Nazi regime against Jews | 258 |
