Terms : Hide Images
| 7593485047 | Population | a group of organisms of the same species populating a given area | 0 | |
| 7593485048 | Community | a group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other | 1 | |
| 7593485049 | ecosystem | a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment | 2 | |
| 7593485050 | biosphere | the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth (or other planet) where living organisms exist | 3 | |
| 7593485051 | habitat | the type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs | 4 | |
| 7593485052 | niche | the status or role of an organism within its environment and community (affecting its survival as a species) | 5 | |
| 7593485053 | exponential growth | =(r max)N | 6 | |
| 7593485054 | population density | number of individuals per unit area | 7 | |
| 7593485055 | dispersion | The pattern of distribution of organisms in a population | 8 | |
| 7593485056 | age structure | proportion of people in different age groups in a population | 9 | |
| 7593485057 | survivorship curves | They show the likelihood of survival at different ages throughout the lifetime of the organism. | 10 | |
| 7593485058 | type I | Survivorship curve in which the likelihood of dying is small until late in life, when mortality increases rapidly (such as Humans or elephants). | 11 | |
| 7593485059 | type II | Survivorship curve in which there is an equal likelihood of dying throughout life (such as birds or small mammals). | 12 | |
| 7593485060 | type III | Survivorship curve in which organisms are most likely to die when young; the few survivors tend to live until old age (such as oysters, salmon, or insects). | 13 | |
| 7593485061 | logistic growth | =rmax x N(K-N/K) | 14 | |
| 7593485062 | carrying capacity | largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support | 15 | |
| 7593485063 | limiting factors | Conditions in the environment that put limits on where an organism can live | 16 | |
| 7593485064 | density-dependent factors | limiting factors (such as competition, predation, parasitism, and disease) that are affected by the number of individuals in a given area | 17 | |
| 7593485065 | density-independent factors | limiting factor that affects all populations in similar ways, regardless of population size | 18 | |
| 7593485066 | Gross Productivity | Total amount of organic compounds made by primary producers | 19 | |
| 7593485067 | Net Productivity | the amount of organic compounds available to an ecosystem after the primary producers use what they need to survive | 20 | |
| 7593485068 | intrinsic growth rate | the mean rate of growth of a population calculated by birth minus death rates when the population is free of competition with other species and from other factors that affect growth. | 21 | |
| 7593485069 | exponential growth | growth pattern in which the individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate | 22 | |
| 7593485070 | logistic growth | growth pattern in which a population's growth rate slows or stops following a period of exponential growth | 23 | |
| 7593485071 | logistic growth curve | a period of exponential growth; population approaches its environmental limits, growth slows and finally stabilizes, fluctuating around the carrying capacity of the environment | 24 | |
| 7593485072 | population cycles | some populations have boom and bust cycles. Large growth, and then a lot of death, and then growth. | 25 | |
| 7593485073 | r-selected species | Species that reproduce early in their life span and produce large numbers of usually small and short-lived offspring in a short period. | 26 | |
| 7593485074 | invasive species | Any nonnative species that significantly modifies or disrupts the ecosystems it colonizes | 27 | |
| 7593485075 | k-selected species | Species that produce a few, often fairly large offspring but invest a great deal of time and energy to ensure that most of those offspring reach reproductive age. | 28 | |
| 7593485076 | competitive exclusion principle | ecological rule that states that no two species can occupy the same exact niche in the same habitat at the same time | 29 | |
| 7593485077 | resource partitioning | in a biological community various populations sharing environmental resources through specialization thereby reducing direct competition | 30 | |
| 7593485079 | realized niche | the range of resources and conditions a species actually uses or can tolerate at optimal efficiency; smaller than fundamental niche | 31 | |
| 7593485081 | predation | the act of preying by a predator who kills and eats the prey | 32 | |
| 7593485083 | parasite | an animal or plant that lives in or on a host (another animal or plant) | 33 | |
| 7593485085 | herbivore | any animal that feeds chiefly on grass and other plants | 34 | |
| 7593485089 | symbiosis | the relation between two different species of organisms that are interdependent | 35 | |
| 7593485090 | mutualism | the relation between two different species of organisms that are interdependent | 36 | |
| 7593485091 | commensalism | the relation between two different kinds of organisms when one receives benefits from the other without damaging it | 37 | |
| 7593485092 | parasitism | the relation between two different kinds of organisms in which one receives benefits from the other by causing damage to it (usually not fatal damage) | 38 | |
| 7593485094 | cryptic coloration | the act of concealing the identity of something by modifying its appearance | 39 | |
| 7593485095 | aposematic coloration | The bright coloration of animals with effective physical or chemical defenses that acts as a warning to predators | 40 | |
| 7593485096 | mimicry | the resemblance of an animal species to another species or to natural objects | 41 | |
| 7593485097 | mullerian mimicry | evolution of two species, both of which are unpalatable and, have poisonous stingers or some other defense mechanism, to resemble each other | 42 | |
| 7593485098 | batesian mimicry | A type of mimicry in which a harmless species looks like a species that is poisonous or otherwise harmful to predators. | 43 | |
| 7593485099 | ecological succession | the gradual and orderly process of change in an ecosystem brought about by the progressive replacement of one community by another until a stable climax is established | 44 | |
| 7593485100 | climax community | a relatively stable long-lasting community reached in a successional series; usually determined by climax and soil type | 45 | |
| 7593485101 | pioneer species | in primary succession on a terrestrial site, the plants, lichens, and microbes that first colonize the site | 46 | |
| 7593485102 | primary succession | an ecological succession that begins in a an area where no biotic community previously existed | 47 | |
| 7593485103 | secondary succession | succession on a site where an existing community has been disrupted | 48 | |
| 7593485104 | trophic levels | The hierarchical levels of the food chain through which energy flows from primary producers to primary consumers, secondary consumers and so on. | 49 | |
| 7593485105 | primary producers | An autotroph, usually a photosynthetic organism. Collectively, autotrophs make up the trophic level of an ecosystem that ultimately supports all other levels. | 50 | |
| 7593485106 | primary consumers | animals that feed on producers; ex. herbivores | 51 | |
| 7593485107 | secondary consumers | carnivores that eat herbivores | 52 | |
| 7593485109 | detritivores | organisms that feed on the detritus and decomposing organic material of living organisms | 53 | |
| 7593485110 | decomposers | organisms that break down wastes and dead organisms and return raw materials to the environment | 54 | |
| 7593485111 | ecological pyramids | show the relative amount of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a given food chain or food web | 55 | |
| 7593485112 | ecological efficiency | Percentage of energy transferred from one trophic level to another in a food chain or web (10%) | 56 | |
| 7593485113 | food chain | a diagram of a community of organisms where each member is eaten in turn by another member | 57 | |
| 7593485114 | food web | a diagram that shows the feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosystem | 58 | |
| 7593485141 | algal blooms | a vast increase in the concentration of algae and other photosynthetic protists due to increased nutrients in the water. | 59 | |
| 7593485142 | eutrophication | process by which a body of water becomes too rich in dissolved nutrients, leading to plant growth that depletes oxygen | 60 |
