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| 13060610625 | collateral circulation | allows for blood flow around potential constrictions - like joints | 0 | |
| 13060610626 | arteriovenous anastomosis | shunt between arterioles & venules which diverts blood away from capillary bed | 1 | |
| 13060610627 | transverse cervical artery supplies | trapezius | 2 | |
| 13060610628 | dorsal scapular artery supplies | levator scapulae & rhomboids --> lesion: scapular retraction weakened | 3 | |
| 13060610629 | thoracodorsal artery supplies | latissimus dorsi | 4 | |
| 13060610630 | thoracoacromial artery | pierces clavipectoral fascia and then gives off 4 branches: - pectoral - clavicular - deltoid - acromial | 5 | |
| 13060610631 | dorsal primary rami provide ... | sensory innervation to skin over medial portion of back motor innervation to *true back muscles* | 6 | |
| 13060610632 | which muscles makes the posterior axillary fold | latissimus dorsi | 7 | |
| 13060610633 | herniation between L4 and L5 vertebrae affects which nerve root | L5 (bc conus medullaris/cauda equina - flip flop begins around L3) | 8 | |
| 13060610634 | the dural sac and subarachnoid space end @ which vertebrae level | S2 | 9 | |
| 13060610635 | where does spinal cord end and where is it safe for an injection to be given | L1/L2 Below L4 | 10 | |
| 13060610636 | the intervertebral disk | adds about 1/4 to entire length of the vertebral column | 11 | |
| 13060610637 | the conus medullaris is located at | T12-L2 | 12 | |
| 13060610638 | the dorsal root ganglia is the location of the cell bodies of the | somatic sensory neurons | 13 | |
| 13060610639 | the denticulate ligament is | a modification of pia mater (extend from the lateral surface of the pia, helping to suspend the spinal cord in the subarachnoid space) | 14 | |
| 13060610640 | ligaments which needle will pass through to reach subarachnoid space | supraspinous interspinous ligamenta flava | 15 | |
| 13060610641 | which veins are especially important in metastatic spread of cancer | internal vertebral venous plexus (they are valveless!! allows free transport for cancerous cells around the body) | 16 | |
| 13060610642 | what are true back muscles | muscles which act on the vertebral column, producing its movements and maintaining posture ex: - erector spinae - splenius | 17 | |
| 13060610643 | layers passed through during lumbar puncture | skin fat supraspinous ligament interspinous ligament ligamenta flava epidural fat & veins *dura (POP sound - toughest)* subdural space arachnoid | 18 | |
| 13060610644 | accentuated convexity of kyphosis is | posterior | 19 | |
| 13060610645 | what is necessary to remove to expose the spinal cord from the posterior side | laminae spinous processes ligamenta flavum | 20 | |
| 13060610646 | source of axons found in the dorsal primary ramus of the 4th thoracic spinal nerve | afferent neurons arising from the skin overlying the trapezius muscle | 21 | |
| 13060610647 | nerve roots *not* damaged by avulsion of dorsal and ventral rootlets of 5th and 6th cervical nerves | pre or post ganglionic sympathetic | 22 | |
| 13060610648 | panniculus adiposus referes to abundance of fat in the | subcutaneous tissue | 23 | |
| 13060610649 | the subtrapezial plexus includes | C3, C4 & accessory nerve | 24 | |
| 13060610650 | there are ____ spinal cord segments | 31 (there are 33 vertebrae) | 25 | |
| 13060610651 | structure which does NOT contain autonomic nerve fibers | Dorsal root of T6 (dorsal root contains afferent sensory nerve fibers) | 26 | |
| 13060610652 | the second costal cartilage can be located by palpating the | sternal angle (sternal angle horizontal plane passes through T4/T5 intervertebral disc and marks inferior boundary of superior mediastinum) | 27 | |
| 13060610653 | the thoracic wall is innervated by | intercostal nerves (aka ventral primary rami of spinal nerves T1-T11) | 28 | |
| 13060610654 | innervation of pectoralis major and minor | major: lateral pectoral nerves minor: medial & lateral pectoral nerves | 29 | |
| 13060610655 | nerve lying on & partly curving posteriorly around arch of aorta | left vagus - esp. *recurrent laryngeal*! (lies posterior to ductus arteriosus or ligamentum arteriosum - associated with tracheobronchial lymph nodes) | 30 | |
| 13060610656 | tubercle of 7th rib articulates with | transverse process of T7 (head of rib 7 with body of 6th vertebra superiorly and 7th vertebra inferiorly) | 31 | |
| 13060610657 | which vessel courses across mediastinum in horizontal fashion | left brachiocephalic vein (it's also anterosuperior to the ascending aorta also posterior to the thymus) | 32 | |
| 13060610658 | which nerve fiber would have cell body in lateral horn of spinal cord @ segmental level T1 | efferent fibers to the skin of the forehead | 33 | |
| 13060610659 | the sympathetic nervous system is responsible for | - arrector pili muscle activity - dilation/constriction of blood vessels - sweat production - visceral reflex activity (NOT voluntary muscle activity -- neurons for this come from ventral horn of the spinal cord) | 34 | |
| 13060610660 | pathway of subclavian artery | passes between anterior and middle scalene muscles, posterior to SCM - runs lateral to SCM above clavicle | 35 | |
| 13060610661 | phrenic nerve | arises from C3-5 lies on anterior scalene muscle just posterior to the subclavian vein | 36 | |
| 13060610662 | structures of the carotid sheath | - common carotid - internal jugular - internal carotid - vagus - superior rams of ansa cervicalis | 37 | |
| 13060610663 | where is the cervical sympathetic trunk located | in front of the prevertebral muscles in prevertebral fascia | 38 | |
| 13060610664 | which structure is supplied solely by the first aortic intercostal arteries | right bronchus (left bronchus supplied by 2 left bronchial arteries) | 39 | |
| 13060610665 | what is the cupola | part of the pleural cavity extending above the 1st rib into the root of the neck (other pleural portions: - costodiaphragmatic recess - middle mediastinum - hilar reflection - costomediastinal recess) | 40 | |
| 13060610666 | mediastinal compartments | lymph nodes in all anterior: - areolar tissue - sternopericardial ligaments middle: - pericardium - heart - great vessels - bronchi posterior: - descending thoracic aorta - azygos system - esophagus -thoracic duct | 41 | |
| 13060610667 | branches of left coronary artery | *anterior interventricular artery* - supplies both ventricles & interventricular septum & *apex* >> bundle branches lie within interventricular septum!! *left circumflex artery* - supplies posterior surface of left ventricle (does not reach apex) | 42 | |
| 13060610668 | branches of right coronary artery | *right marginal* - supplies right ventricle *posterior interventricular artery* - supplies interventricular septum & both ventricles (right coronary gives off 2 small branches to SA and AV node) | 43 | |
| 13060610669 | oblique pericardial sinus | area of the pericardial cavity located behind left atrium where serous pericardium reflects onto IVC and pulmonary veins | 44 | |
| 13060610670 | transverse pericardial sinus | are of the pericardial cavity located *behind aorta & pulmonary trunk* and anterior to SVC -- separates outflow vessels from inflow vessels -- clamped during cardiac surgery | 45 | |
| 13060610671 | points of auscultation | *pulmonary*: left second intercostal space (lateral to sternal angle) - "anterior, left & right leaflets" *aortic*: right second intercostal space (lateral to sternal angle) - "posterior, left & right leaflets" *mitral*: left fifth intercostal space (8cm from midline) >> just below the left nipple or also apex of heart - "anterior & posterior cusps" *tricuspid*: left fourth intercostal space (lateral to sternum) >> xiphoid area, just off sternum - "septal, anterior, smaller posterior cusps" | 46 | |
| 13060610672 | valves open during systole? | aortic & pulmonary | 47 | |
| 13060610673 | 3 important surfaces of the heart | anterior (sternocostal): - right ventricle diaphragmatic: - left ventricle (little bit of right ventricle) pulmonary: - left ventricle | 48 | |
| 13060610674 | opening between right & left atria during fetal life | foramen ovale | 49 | |
| 13060610675 | important anastomoses if anterior interventricular artery is blocked @ promixal part | anterior & posterior interventricular (logical bc these two arteries travel on anterior & posterior surfaces of IV groove (sulcus) - anterior branches from left coronary, posterior branches from right coronary) | 50 | |
| 13060610676 | what lies in coronary sulcus | - right & left coronary arteries - circumflex artery - coronary sinus | 51 | |
| 13060610677 | what kind of fibers does the ulnar nerve carry | postganglionic sympathetic fibers (note: 3 things that can happen when nerve fiber reaches sympathetic chain: - nerve fibers enter ganglia, synapse, rejoin spinal nerve via grey ramus communicans - preganglionic nerve fibers can travel up/down trunk, synapse @ ganglia @ another level, rejoin spinal nerve - preganglionic fibers do not synapse in trunk and instead form splanchnic nerves which descend into abdomen & synapse in other ganglia) | 52 | |
| 13060610678 | which structure would be compressed by a dilated azygos vein | thoracic duct (below sternal angle, lies posterior to esophagus, between azygos vein & descending aorta) *order from left to right: aorta, thoracic duct, azygos vein --- all posterior to esophagus* | 53 | |
| 13060610679 | where is a pericardiocentesis performed | just to the left of the xiphisternal junction (to avoid the pleura & enter pericardial sac to aspirate fluid) | 54 | |
| 13060610680 | endothoracic fascia | connective tissue between aspect of chest wall and costal parietal pleura by clearing endothoracic fascia, it is easy to separate costal pleura from thoracic wall | 55 | |
| 13060610681 | costodiaphragmatic recess is found at which points (ribs) | midclavicular: 6-8 midaxillary line: 8-10 paravertebral line: 10-12 | 56 | |
| 13060610682 | fissures of lungs | oblique: separates lower lobe from middle and upper lobes >> due to this, posterior surface of lung is composed of inferior lobe horizontal: separates middle lobe from upper lobe (only in right lung) | 57 | |
| 13060610683 | inhaled objects are more likely to enter the _____ bronchus | right bc it is shorter, wider, more vertical than left bronchus | 58 | |
| 13060610684 | cartilaginous structure separating right & left main stem bronchi | carina - resembles ship's keel | 59 | |
| 13060610685 | structure responsible for blocking passage of a finger passing posteriorly inferior to the root of the lung | pulmonary ligament | 60 | |
| 13060610686 | which part of the lung might partially fill the costomediastinal recess in full inspiration | left lung: lingula right lung: middle lobe | 61 | |
| 13060610687 | statements regarding left and right lungs & pulmonary system | pulmonary veins lie anterior & inferior - bronchus posterior *pulmonary arteries* right: anteries anterior to bronchus left: arteries superior to bronchus also note: lungs are not in mediastinum! mediastinum is space between two pleural sacs. & phrenic nerve passes anterior to root of lung (both sides) | 62 | |
| 13060610688 | what blood vessel lies directly posterior to the right main bronchus | azygos vein | 63 | |
| 13060610689 | structures of the posterior mediastinum | descending thoracic aorta azygos system esophagus thoracic duct lymph nodes | 64 | |
| 13060610690 | the left superior intercostal vein drains into | left brachiocephalic (exception to the statement that the azygos vein drains the thoracic cavity into the SVC) | 65 | |
| 13060610691 | chylothorax | pleural effusion composed of lymphatic fluid due to disruption of the thoracic duct *pleurisy* - inflammation of pleura with exudation into pleural cavity *pyothorax* - infection occuring in pleural space (pus accumulation) *hemothorax* - accumulation of blood in pleural space *lymphedema* - swelling in a body part caused by obstruction of lymphatic flow or removal of lymphatic vessels | 66 | |
| 13060610692 | sweat glands in the armpit are innervated by fibers coming from ___________ ganglion | stellate (cervicothoracic) -- a sympathetic ganglion | 67 | |
| 13060610693 | sympathetic fibers in greater splanchnic nerve arise from neuron cell bodies found in the | spinal cord (fibers originate in the lateral horn of the *spinal cord* grey matter) | 68 | |
| 13060610694 | where are the cell bodies for efferent fibers to the skin of the forehead located | lateral horn of the spinal cord @ segmental level T1 (note: afferent fibers have cell bodies in dorsal root ganglia) | 69 | |
| 13060610695 | sweat glands are innervated by | gray rami communicantes containing postganglionic sympathetic fibers (note: heart, aorta, lungs, bronchi innervated by cardiac and pulmonary plexuses) | 70 | |
| 13060610696 | the sympathetic nervous system regulates the | arrector pili muscles sweat production visceral reflexes dilation/constriction of blood vessels (NOT voluntary muscle activity - neurons for this originate from ventral horn of spinal cord and do not pass through sympathetic chain) | 71 | |
| 13060610697 | where is the sympathetic trunk located | posterior wall of the thorax, along heads of ribs (postganglionic sympathetic fibers) | 72 | |
| 13060610698 | collateral drainage if azygos was blocked? | blood would flow from posterior intercostal veins (usually drain to azygos) into anterior intercostal veins, enter *internal thoracic vein*, drain into right brachiocephalic vein | 73 | |
| 13060610699 | location of right greater thoracic splanchnic nerve | *lies on anterior surfaces of vertebral bodies* note: splanchnic nerves lie medial to sympathetic trunk (which is lying on heads of ribs) vagus lies anterior chest and eventually forms esophageal plexus, covering esophagus phrenic not near posterior wall of thorax | 74 | |
| 13060610700 | epigastric region of the abdomen contains | duodenum part of the stomach part of the liver pancreas | 75 | |
| 13060610701 | left inguinal region of the abdomen contains | sigmoid colon | 76 | |
| 13060610702 | left lumbar region contains | descending colon & kidney | 77 | |
| 13060610703 | right hypochondrial region contains | part of liver and gallbladder | 78 | |
| 13060610704 | hypogastric region contains | bladder and rectum | 79 | |
| 13060610705 | abdominal wall layers encountered during transverse suprapubic incision (aka Pfannenstiel incision) | skin superficial fascia (fatty&membranous) deep fascia anterior rectus sheath rectus abdominis muscle transversalis fascia extraperitoneal connective tissue peritoneum | 80 | |
| 13060610706 | acruate line | feature on inner surface of the abdominal wall point @ which posterior layer of rectus sheath ends inferiorly | 81 | |
| 13060610707 | if internal thoracic artery was ligated, blood would reach the rectus abdominis would be supplied by the | inferior epigastric | 82 | |
| 13060610708 | the medial inguinal fossa (location of direct inguinal hernias) is located between the | *medial umbilical ligament (obliterated umbilical artery) & inferior epigastric artery (aka lateral umbilical fold)* lateral inguinal space (area of indirect inguinal hernias) located lateral to lateral umbilical fold (fold of peritoneum over inferior epigastric vessels) supra vesical fossa located between median and medial umbilical folds and level changes with bladder filling *direct inguinal hernia found in medial inguinal fossa* |  | 83 |
| 13060610709 | what passes through the deep inguinal ring | females: round ligament of uterus males: spermatic cord | 84 | |
| 13060610710 | the superficial inguinal ring is an opening of? | external abdominal oblique aponeurosis | 85 | |
| 13060610711 | if the inferior mesenteric artery were to become occluded the transverse colon would be supplied by the | middle colic artery (branch of superior mesenteric) which supplies the distal colon (ileocolic and right colic arteries also branches of SMA supplying colon just not as distal as middle however all of them contribute to the marginal artery so in some way they all supply it - middle colic is just the best answer) | 86 | |
| 13060610712 | gastroduodenal artery | branch of common hepatic supplies parts of duodenum, pancreas, stomach |  | 87 |
| 13060610713 | splenic artery | branch of celiac trunk supplies spleen, pancreas, curvature of stomach | 88 | |
| 13060610714 | sensation from around the umbilicus is mediated by | *T10* important!!! | 89 | |
| 13060610715 | structure which limits an enlarged spleen from straight downward movement | left colic flexure (aka splenic flexure) | 90 | |
| 13060610716 | which structures are supplied by the vagus nerve | structures supplied by celiac trunk or superior mesenteric artery --> GI TRACT up until the end of the transverse colon (end of transverse colon on receives innervation from pelvic splanchnic nerves and supplied by inferior mesenteric artery | 91 | |
| 13060610717 | gastric veins are referred to as | coronary veins (bc they "crown" the stomach) | 92 | |
| 13060610718 | branches of superior mesenteric artery and inferior mesenteric artery | SMA: - ileocolic - right colic - middle colic IMA: - left colic - sigmoidal - superior rectal collateral blood flow between most distal SMA branch (middle colic) and most proximal IMA branch (left colic) would take place if IMA became occluded | 93 | |
| 13060610719 | artery of the foregut, midgut, hindgut? | foregut: *celiac* trunk (know branches! mnemonic LHS "left hand side") midgut: *SMA* hindgut: *IMA* | 94 | |
| 13060610720 | iliohypogastric nerve | branch of lumbar plexus cutaneous innervation to skin of lower abdominal wall, upper hip & thigh motor innervation to muscles of lower abdominal wall | 95 | |
| 13060610721 | ilioinguinal nerve | branches into anterior labial / scrotal (terminal branch) which innervates mons pubis or anterior scrotum innervates muscles of lower abdominal wall (injury to this nerve can lead to direct inguinal hernia bc falx inguinalis cant be pulled down to cover weak fascia) runs through inguinal ligament emerges @ lateral border of psoas major - then travels laterally | 96 | |
| 13060610722 | genitofemoral nerve | branch of lumbar plexus cutaneous innervation to skin of anterior scrotum / labia majora, upper medial thigh motor to cremaster muscle pierces psoas major then lies on top of the muscle | 97 | |
| 13060610723 | the inferior epigastric vessels are found in .... and between | in the *extraperitoneal connective tissue* (preperitoneal fat) ..... between *transversus abdominis and peritoneum* | 98 | |
| 13060610724 | drainage above and below umbilicus | above: - lymphatics drain to axillary nodes - venous blood drains into superior epigastric vein which drains into internal thoracic vein below: - lymphatics drain into superficial inguinal nodes - venous blood drains into inferior epigastric vein and the external iliac vein | 99 | |
| 13060610725 | if a direct inguinal hernia extended through the superficial inguinal ring it would be surrounded by all of the abdominal layers including: | external spermatic fascia peritoneum and extraperitoneal connective tissue weak fascia of the transversus abdominis muscle lateral to the falx (direct hernia just protrudes through posterior wall of the inguinal canal, does not pass through it - hence does not get covered with spermatic fascia derived from transversalis fascia) (indirect hernia passes through deep inguinal ring & will therefore be covered by spermatic fascia of the spermatic cord - which is passing through inguinal canal) | 100 | |
| 13060610726 | boundaries inguinal triangle | medial: lateral border rectus abdominis inferior: inguinal ligament superior: inferior epigastric artery | 101 | |
| 13060610727 | how to locate the appendix | look at confluens of teniae coli distinctive features of the large intestine: - *tenia coli* - *omental appendages* (fat filled pendants of peritoneum on surface of large intestine) - *haustra coli* | 102 | |
| 13060610728 | Meckel's diverticulum | out-pouching of the small bowel that is present in 2% of people usually occurs 2 feet before junction with cecum site of ectopic pancreatic tissue or lined by mucosa of stomach and ulcerate occurs when vitelline duct from 4th week of gestation doesn't obliterate fully @ the 9th week >>> if vitelline duct stays connected to yolk sac this is called VI FISTULA (connection between midgut and anterior abdominal wall) | 103 | |
| 13060610729 | organs associated with the avascular plane of fusion fascia are: | organs which became secondarily retroperitoneal - ascending and descending colon - duodenum - pancreas (these organs are easily mobilized by freeing fusion fascia) | 104 | |
| 13060610730 | the descending colon drains into | inferior mesenteric nodes | 105 | |
| 13060610731 | the right suprarenal gland is partly overlain anteriorly by the | IVC | 106 | |
| 13060610732 | derivatives of dorsal mesogastrium | structures involving the *spleen* and *pancreas* posterior part of developing stomach (becomes greater curvature) - *greater omentum* (gastrophrenic ligament, gastrosplenic ligament, gastrocolic ligament) - splenorenal ligament | 107 | |
| 13060610733 | derivatives of the ventral mesogastrium | lesser omentum (hepatogastric ligament, hepatoduodenal ligament) ligaments of *liver* (falciform, coronary, right & left triangular) | 108 | |
| 13060610734 | symptoms of ruptured spleen | - close relationship with *9-12th* ribs!!!!! IMPORTANT - tenderness on left posterior axillary line - hypotension (bc of spongy parenchyma & thin capsule spleen bleeds profusely = hypotension) | 109 | |
| 13060610798 | arterial supply - stomach |  | 110 | |
| 13060610735 | ligaments associated with the stomach | splenorenal: connects tail of pancreas & spleen gastrocolic: connects greater curvature to transverse colon gastrosplenic: greater curvature with hilum of spleen (lesion: short gastric arteries may be damaged) phrenicolic: splenic flexure with diaphragm (transverse mesocolon - transverse colon to posterior abdominal wall) | 111 | |
| 13060610736 | if gastroduodenal artery was damaged which artery would supply pylorus of stomach via collateral circulation | right gastroepiploic (would flow from left gastroepiploic) | 112 | |
| 13060610737 | boundaries of *triangle of calot* | lateral: cystic duct superior: liver medial: common hepatic duct ---- cystic artery can be found here ***important for a cholecystectomy | 113 | |
| 13060610738 | left hepatic artery supplies | left & quadrate lobes >>> left hepatic duct drains this as well!! | 114 | |
| 13060610739 | right hepatic artery supplies | right lobe & part of caudate | 115 | |
| 13060610740 | tumor in head of pancreas would compress which duct | common hepatic duct | 116 | |
| 13060610741 | inferior mesenteric vein empties into | splenic vein (portal system!!) | 117 | |
| 13060610742 | pancreas is drained by | *portal system* body & neck - splenic head - superior mesenteric | 118 | |
| 13060610743 | organs on the left side of the body are drained by their respective veins which empty into the __________ vein before entering the IVC | renal | 119 | |
| 13060610744 | the suprarenal medulla is directly innervated by | *preganglionic sympathetic* fibers from the *greater thoracic splanchnic* nerve these preganglionic fibers *synpase on cells of adrenal medulla* causing them to release norepinephrine and/or epinephrine | 120 | |
| 13060610745 | fat surrounding the kidneys | perirenal fat (aka gerota's fascia): inside the renal fascia - directly on the kidney pararenal fat: elaboration of extraperitoneal connective tissue (hemorrhage of kidney may cause blood to travel in ureters inferiorly toward the pelvis) | 121 | |
| 13060610746 | trigone of bladder boundaries | openings of left & right ureteric orifices interureteric crest internal urethral orifice (note: uruchus is the structure which joins the apex of the fetal bladder to umbilicus - post birth it becomes median umbilical ligament) | 122 | |
| 13060610747 | benign prostatic hypertrophy would cause enlargement of _____ of the bladder | uvula | 123 | |
| 13060610748 | branch of musculocutaneous nerve | antebrachnial cutaneous nerve (lateral forearm sensation) | 124 | |
| 13060610749 | focal point of pain with "tennis elbow" | extensor carpi radialis brevis originates from common extensor tendon off the *lateral epicondyle of the humerus* pain radiates down posterior forearm | 125 | |
| 13060610750 | biceps brachii is a powerful | supinator | 126 | |
| 13060610751 | pronator quadratus is innervated by | anterior interosseous nerve (branch of median) | 127 | |
| 13060610752 | woman gardening with garden fork - pronating, supinating, flexing forearm. pain proximal to lateral epicondyle of humerus | damage to origin of brachioradialis | 128 | |
| 13060610753 | falling on outstretched *hand* - most commonly dislocated carpal bone | lunate may be pushed out of place on the carpal tunnel and compress median nerve = carpal tunnel outstretched *wrist* = scaphoid! | 129 | |
| 13060610754 | brachioradialis | innervation: radial inserts on distal end of radius colles' fracture (brachioradialis pulls piece of radius out of place - that's why cast must extend up proximal to elbow so the brachioradialis is immobilized ^ usually occurs from fall on outstretched *arm* | 130 | |
| 13060610755 | nerve that travels with basilic vein | medial antebrachial cutaneous | 131 | |
| 13060610756 | axillary space | bounded by: - teres major - teres minor - medial border of the humerus - long head of triceps brachii further divided into: - quadrangular space - triangular space - triangular interval | 132 | |
| 13060610757 | median nerve innervates | cutaneous sensation to palmar face of radial side of hand continuing through first 3.5 fingers ^ tips of these fingers & nail beds on dorsal side of hand branch: anterior interosseous nerve - deep flexor muscles hand | 133 | |
| 13060610758 | axillary nerve branches | "screw the lawyer, save a patient" - superior thoracic - thoracoacromial - lateral thoracic - subscapular - anterior humeral circumflex - posterior humeral circumflex | 134 | |
| 13060610759 | brachial artery path | medial side of arm with basilic vein & median nerve (deep brachial with radian nerve in radian groove on humerus) | 135 | |
| 13060610760 | scapular anastomoses | if axillary a. flow is interrupted - 3 anastomoses could occur - suprascapular & circumflex scapular - circumflex scapular & dorsal scapular - dorsal scapular & thoracodorsal |  | 136 |
| 13060610761 | ventral side of wrist - superficial tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis severed - which fingers are affected | flexion of the PIP joints of digits 3 and 4 (PIP joint tendons for 2 and 5 located deep in wrist) | 137 | |
| 13060610762 | posterior interosseous nerve | sensory to wrist joint | 138 | |
| 13060610763 | palmaris longus | flexion of wrist | 139 | |
| 13060610764 | thoracodorsal nerve is composed of nerve roots | C6-C8 | 140 | |
| 13060610765 | cubital fossa | from medial to lateral: - median nerve - brachial artery - tendon of biceps brachii - radial nerve found deep and medial is: medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (direct branch of medial cord of branchial plexus) | 141 | |
| 13060610766 | lateral rotators of shoulder | infraspinatus and teres minor | 142 | |
| 13060610767 | medial rotator of arm | lats & teres major | 143 | |
| 13060610768 | possible injuries during insertion of an IV cannula in median cubital vein | lateral antebrachial cutaneous (branch musculocutaneous) medial antebrachial cutaneous (branch brachial plexus) median nerve (sensation palmar hand & first 3.5 digits) | 144 | |
| 13060610769 | portal system | IMV empties into splenic vein splenic vein and SMV unite to form portal vein portal vein to liver - hepatic vein out of liver to IVC | 145 | |
| 13060610770 | celiac plexus | contains fibers from - greater thoracic splanchnic nerves - vagal fibers - sometimes first lumbar splanchnic nerves | 146 | |
| 13060610771 | diaphragmatic hiatus' | T8: caval T10: esophagus & vagus T12: aorta + azygos + thoracic duct | 147 | |
| 13060610772 | secondarily retroperitoneal organs | duodenum | 148 | |
| 13060610773 | duodenum | part of the "nutcracker effect" bc when SMA or aorta become enlarged they squish the 3rd part superior portion does not have circular folds (ampulla - has high percentage of mucosal cells to neutralize acidic contents of stomach - if it is not neutralized it may ulcerate through the thin walled ampulla and jeopardize the *gastroduodenal* artery, portal vein, and common bile duct) | 149 | |
| 13060610774 | femoral nerve | travels along lateral border of psoas major between iliacus and psoas major (not in true pelvis!) post hysterectomy patient can feel numbess on anterior thigh, unable to extend knee | 150 | |
| 13060610775 | obturator nerve | medial border of psoas major, passes through obturator canal to innervate muscles of medial thigh | 151 | |
| 13060610776 | differences between male and female pelvis | - subpubic angle and pubic arch greater in female - inlet rounded (females), heart shaped (males) - pelvic outlet larger in females - female pelvis has more flared iliac wings | 152 | |
| 13060610777 | ureters pass through base of | mesometrium of broad ligament (mesovarium holds ovaries, mesosalpinx supports uterine tube) | 153 | |
| 13060610778 | pudendal nerve | found 2 cm lateral to anal canal | 154 | |
| 13060610779 | urachus | structure that joins the apex of the fetal bladder to the ubilicus -after birth is becomes the median umbilical ligament | 155 | |
| 13060610780 | notable pouches in females and males | males only: - rectovesical: rectum & bladder females: - rectouterine - vesicouterine (pouches caused by uterus draping the peritoneum) | 156 | |
| 13060610781 | lymph rectum | above pectinate line: - drains inferior mesenteric and internal iliac nodes below pectinate line - cutaneous(skin) region: - flows to *superficial inguinal nodes* (cutaneous portion of anal canal - these nodes would be the first place of metastases) | 157 | |
| 13060610782 | where do sacral splanchnic nerves come from | sacral sympathetic ganglia & connect to the spinal cord @ level T1-L2 so anesthesia bathing sacral nerve roots would not affect theses nerves | 158 | |
| 13060610783 | blood supply to the superior portions of the bladder typically arises from the _______ arteries | umbilical (gives off superior vesical arteries which supply superior bladder) >> artery of the ductus deferens in males | 159 | |
| 13060610784 | pelvic splanchnic nerves primarily carry _____________ to the ___________ plexus | preganglionic parasympathetics inferior hypogastric (all other splanchnic nerves carry sympathetic fibers) | 160 | |
| 13060610785 | arcus tendineus levator ani is a thickening of fascia of the.... | obturator internus | 161 | |
| 13060610786 | boundaries of perineum | anterior: pubic symphysis anterolateral: ischiopubic rami lateral: ischial tuberosity posterolateral: sacrotuberous ligament posterior: tip of coccyx | 162 | |
| 13060610787 | perineal body | irregular fibromuscular mass located at center of posterior border of perineal membrane | 163 | |
| 13060610788 | artery which supplies blood to major erectile body in both male and female is the | deep artery of the penis/clitoris | 164 | |
| 13060610789 | four portal - caval anastomoses | hemorrhoids: superior rectal veins (p) & middle and inferior rectal veins (c) esophageal: left gastric vein (p) & azygos (c) caput medusae: paraumbilical veins (p) & veins of anterior abdominal wall draining into IVC 4th: colic veins (p) & retroperitoneal veins (c) | 165 | |
| 13060610790 | posterior recess | part of the ischioanal (ischiorectal) fossa extending deep to sacrotuberous ligament | 166 | |
| 13060610791 | main source of blood for superficial palmar arterial arch | ulnar artery (completed on the radial side by the superficial palmar branch of radial artery) radial artery is main source to deep palmar arterial arch (completed by deep branch ulnar) | 167 | |
| 13060610792 | anatomical snuff box is bounded on ulnar side by tendon of | extensor pollicis longus (radially by tendons of tendons of abductor pollicis longs and extensor pollicis brevis) | 168 | |
| 13060610793 | muscle tendon which has its own synovial sheath (called radial bursa) in carpal canal | flexor pollicis longus | 169 | |
| 13060610794 | what is contained in the ulnar bursa | tendons of flexor digitorum profundus and flexor digitorum superficialis | 170 | |
| 13060610795 | fibularis longus muscle passes deep to | long plantar ligament | 171 | |
| 13060610796 | lateral to medial femoral canal | nerve, artery, vein, canal | 172 | |
| 13060610797 | femoral canal contains | deep inguinal lymph nodes | 173 |
