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| 7855371409 | Indus and Ganges | The two major river systems in India | 0 | |
| 7855371410 | The Harappans | The first Indian civilization | 1 | |
| 7855371411 | What were the two Harappan cities and what are their importance? | - Mohenjodaro and Harappus - Important archaeological finds | 2 | |
| 7855371412 | What are the Harappans known for? | Trade, especially with the Akkadians, their contemporaries | 3 | |
| 7855371413 | How were Harappan cities organized? | - In a grid system - Shows signs of city planning | 4 | |
| 7855371414 | Harappan writing | - We can't read it - Doesn't have a name | 5 | |
| 7855371415 | Why did the Harappans fall? | - Nobody knows - Could be overuse of resources, irregular flooding of the Indus, or outside invaders | 6 | |
| 7855371416 | The Dravidians | - A dark skinned people from Africa - Peaceful farmers - Conquered by Aryans | 7 | |
| 7855371417 | Who founded Hinduism? | Indo-European Aryans | 8 | |
| 7855371418 | The three main gods of Hinduism | - Vishnu - Shiva - Kali | 9 | |
| 7855371419 | Vishnu | - One of two main gods of Hinduism - Solar deity - Benign patron god who protects humans - Can take human form | 10 | |
| 7855371420 | Shiva | - One of two main gods of Hinduism - God of destruction and rebirth - Not evil, not Satan - Good things can come from restarting | 11 | |
| 7855371421 | Kali | - Goddess of Hinduism - Mother goddess and goddess of death - Represents the embodiment of ancient Indian attitudes toward women - Represents both good and evil | 12 | |
| 7855371422 | Mahavira | - Founder of Jainism - Born to the elite, a soldier - Abandoned the comfort of being an elite noble, as it got in the way of self-consciousness - Died of starvation due to eating one grain of rice a day | 13 | |
| 7855371423 | Buddha | - Siddhartha Gautama - The awakened/enlightened one - Founder of Buddhism - Grew up in comfort and privilege, sheltered from evil - Sneaked out and saw death, sickness, and suffering - Became enlightened | 14 | |
| 7855371424 | Jainism | - One of the three main religions in India - Founded by Mahavira - Practices extreme asceticism - Avoids all comforts in life, as well as violence - Appeals to lower classes | 15 | |
| 7855371425 | Buddhism | - One of the three main religions in India - All life is suffering - The source of suffering is desire - To stop suffering you must follow the eightfold path and end desire - Avoids extremes, strives for a moderate lifestyle - Hedonism and asceticism are bad - Many believe in reincarnation - Goal is to reach nirvana | 16 | |
| 7855371426 | Dharma | - Two meanings - In Hinduism, your destiny and place in life - Defined by birth and caste - If you follow your place, you'll be reborn as something better in your next life - In Buddhism, the teachings of the Buddha | 17 | |
| 7855371427 | Ahimsa | - Non-violence - A concept which applies to all three religions | 18 | |
| 7855371428 | Karma | -Sanskrit word meaning "action" -the belief that actions in this life, whether good or bad, will decide your place in the next life; every action has an equal reaction (good or bad) in the future | 19 | |
| 7855371429 | Nirvana | - State of perfect nothingness and absolute peace - Achieved by following your Dharma, contemplating, and meditating - Achievable on Earth or after being reincarnated - A concept of Buddhism | 20 | |
| 7855371430 | Caste system | - Social class founded by the Aryans - They called it the Varnas - Decided by religious purity and skin color - Subdivided into hundreds of smaller classes called jatis - Almost impossible to leave your class - Divided into four classes | 21 | |
| 7855371431 | Brahmans | The clergy/priest caste | 22 | |
| 7855371432 | Kshatriyas | - The warrior/elite caste - The most powerful caste | 23 | |
| 7855371433 | Vaishiyas | The commoner/farmer/merchant/artisan caste | 24 | |
| 7855371434 | Shudras | - The slave/untouchables caste | 25 | |
| 7855371435 | Aryans | - Made up of Indo-European tribes - Conquered the Dravidians - Dominant power in India, governed most of it - Made Sanskrit - Made the Caste system (called it the Varnas) - Allowed the growth and development of Hinduism (did not make it) - Made the Vedas | 26 | |
| 7855371436 | Sanskrit | - Developed by the Aryans - The first major form of writing in India - Somewhat similar to Cuneiform | 27 | |
| 7855371437 | Vedas | - Written compositions of religious nature - Hymns, chants, moralistic stories, guide to life - Most famous is the Rigveda - Basis of Hinduism - Made by the Aryans | 28 | |
| 7855371438 | Rigveda | - Most famous Veda - Contains the world's origins and is still used in Hindu prayer today | 29 | |
| 7855371439 | Alexander the Great | - Conquered a small portion of India - Entire army quit on him at the Indus river and he retreated - Left behind local kings and princes to rule his small conquered areas | 30 | |
| 7855371440 | Chandragupta | - Overthrew the rulers installed by Alexander - Founded the first major Indian empire: the Mauryan dynasty - Patron of Jainism despite being an elite | 31 | |
| 7855371441 | Ashoka | - Last king of the Mauryan dynasty - Reign was hegemonic - Started off as a conqueror, later found religion - Became Buddhist but was religiously tolerant - Erected pillars and issued edicts that favorably described him - Spread Buddhism throughout India - Conquered Kalinga | 32 | |
| 7855371442 | Edicts of Ashoka | - Written in Prakrit language - Describes Ashoka as a paternalistic ruler who took care of his subjects and made them prosperous, as opposed to the tactic of scaring subjects into submission | 33 | |
| 7855371443 | Kushansa Dynasty | - Contemporaries of the Romans - Traders (with Rome, the East, and the Silk Road) - Formed a very small kingdom which showed continuity, change, and adaptation - Coins had Greek alphabet which was adapted for Indian languages | 34 | |
| 7855371444 | Gupta Dynasty | - A kingdom which did not conquer much but had a longer reign and more influence - Brought about the golden age of India - Increase in art, literature, and architecture - Favored Hinduism but was religiously tolerant - After they fell, many kingdoms reemerged which were patrons of the arts | 35 | |
| 7855371445 | Mauryan Dynasty | - First dynasty - Began after Chandragupta defeated the Alexander-installed rulers - Short lived - Ended after Ashoka due to civil war | 36 | |
| 7855371446 | Mahabharata | - Indian epic writing - Describes war between cousins for control of an empire - Hero is Arjuna | 37 | |
| 7855371447 | Ramayana | - Indian epic writing - Hero is Rama, an exiled would-be king - Recounts Rama's war with Ravana over the kidnapping of Sita, Rama's wife | 38 | |
| 7855371448 | What is the importance of India's epic writings? | - They are used as religious and moral stories -One should only be aware of moral rightness of the act itself -If you make a vow/promise, you must keep that vow/promise (stay true to your word) | 39 | |
| 7855371449 | Kalidasa | - Poet of Gupta era - Wrote "The Cloud Messenger," in which an exiled male spirit shares grief and longing for his wife | 40 | |
| 7855580413 | Samsara | (Hinduism) Reincarnation; being reborn over and over until you reach moksha | 41 | |
| 7855580414 | Moksha | (Hinduism) Liberation from reincarnation/moksha/cycle of rebirth | 42 | |
| 7855580415 | Atman | (Hinduism) Eternal soul/self | 43 |
