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Chapter 31 AP World History Flashcards

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12791685207The leader of the Taiping Rebellion wasHong Xiuquan0
12791685208In 1851, Hong Xiuquan proclaimed his own dynasty, the Taiping tianguo, which meant"Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace"1
12791685209The most significant territorial loss for the Ottomans wasEgypt2
12791685210Muhammad Ali wasThe egyptian leader who overthrew ottoman control3
12791685211The capitulations were unfair trading agreements between the western Europeans and theOttoman sultans4
12791685212Which of the following is not true about the capitulations?they were imposed on the Europeans by the Ottomans5
12791685213In the early 19th century, the Ottoman Sultan Selim IIIEmbarked on a program to remodel his army along the lines of European forces.6
12791685214What was the name of the Sultan who, in 1826, had mutinous Janissaries slaughtered and thus opened the door for further reform with the Ottoman Empire?Mahmud II7
12791685215Which of the following is not a reform proposed in the Tanzimat era?A commercial code8
12791685216The Young Ottomans were(Opposed the Tanzimat) A group who agitated for individual freedom, local autonomy, and political decentralization. Desired the establishment of a constitutional government along the lines of the British system. (Opposed the Tanzimat)9
12791685217Sultan Abdul Hamid IIWas put in power by a group of radical dissidents from the Ottoman bureaucracy. Accepted a constitution, dissolved parliament, exiled many liberals, and executed others within a year. Ruled autocratically, developed army and administration according to TANZIMAT PRINCIPLES, and oversaw the formation of a police force, educational reforms, economic development, and construction of railroads.10
12791685218Which of the following was not one of the leading principles of the YOung Turks?Islam as the guiding principle in public life11
12791685219Which of the following Young Turk proposals caused the most dissension in the empire?Making Turkish the official language of the empire12
12791685220The stipulation, "in order to obtain for Ottoman citizens an education of a homogenous and uniform character, the official schools will be open, their instruction will be free, and all nationalities will be admitted" is rom what document?Proclamation of the Young Turks13
12791685221Which of the following accounts for beginning of the social reform movement in Russia in the 19th century?Military defeat in the Crimean War14
12791685222A defeat in the Crimean War stopped expansion by theRussian empire.15
12791685223The key to social reform in Russia wasEmancipation of the serfs.16
12791685224The Russian serfs were emancipated byTsar Alexander II17
12791685225The emancipation of the Russian serfsResulted in little, if any, increase in agricultural production.18
12791685226As part of the Russian reforms, during the reign of Alexander II the government created zemstvos,which were elected district assemblies that remained subordinate to the tsarist autocracy.19
12791685227The prime mover behind Russian industrialization wasCount Sergei Witte20
12791685228the centerpiece of Sergei Witte's Russian industrial policy wasA massive program of railway construction that linked the far-flung regions of the Russian empire and also stimulated the development of other industries.21
12791685229The working conditions of the growing Russian industrial class in St. Petersburg and MoscowBecame notorious for the miserable working and living conditions of factory workers.22
12791685230Tsar Alexander II was assassinated in 1881 byThe People's Will, a terrorist faction of the Land and freedom party23
12791685231After the Assassination of Alexander II, his successor Nicholas IIchampioned oppression and police control.24
12791685232The decisive factor in the Russo Japanese War was theDestruction of Russian navy25
12791685233The 1905 Bloody Sunday massacre eventuallyLed to labor unrest, peasant insurrections, student demonstrations, and mutinies in both the army and navy.26
12791685234Lin ZexuConfiscated and destroyed some twenty thousand chests of opium. Ignited a war that ended in a humiliating defeat for China27
12791685235The decisive point in the Opium War wasWhen British forces decided to strike at the Grand Canal, "the jugular vein" of China, with the aid of steam-powered gunboats28
12791685236The Opium War ended with the signing of the Treaty ofNanjing29
12791685237Who wrote, "As months accumulate and years pass by, the poison they have produced increases in its wicked intensity, and its repugnant odor reaches as high as the sky?"Lin Zexu30
12791685238Which of the following was not a rebellion that threatened China in the nineteenth century?mongol31
12791685239Which of the following was not one of the principles of the Taiping Rebellion?Hong Xuiquan's belief that he was the reincarnation of the Buddha32
12791685240The Self-Strengthening Movement was an attempt to blend indigenous cultural traditions with western technology inChina33
12791685241For most of the last fifty years of the Qing dynsty, China was ruled byEmpress dowager Cixi, a former imperial concubine.34
12791685242By the end of the nineteenth century, the only thing keeping China from being completely divided up into spheres of influence by foreigners wasDistrust amont the foreign powers.35
12791685243Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao were the leaders of theHundred Days Reforms36
12791685244In 1900, foreign embassies in China were besieged byThe Boxers, or the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists.37
12791685245Japan was forcibly opened to foreign trade in 1853 by theU.S.38
12791685246they understood the danger of those two groups and wanted to find a way to avoid commercial and/or imperial domination by either one.They wanted to obtain the knowledge and expertise to strengthen Japan and win revisions of the unequal treaties.39
12791685247Which one of the following leaders played a major role in the Meiji Restoration?The boy emperor Mutsuhito or Meiji.40
12791685248which of the following was not one of the foundations of the meiji restoration?turning japan into a constitutional republic41
12791685249The event that best displayed Japan's rise to the level of a world power was their victory in theRusso-Japanese and Sino-Japanese wars.42

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