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| 8421697984 | Epistrophe | the repetition of phrases or words at the ends of the clauses or sentences. Ex: Who is here so base that would be a bondman? If any, speak; for him have I offended. Who is here so rude that would not be a Roman? If any, speak; for him have I offended. Who is here so vile that will not love his country? If any, speak; for him have I offended | 0 | |
| 8421700600 | Colloquialism | colloquialism is the use of informal words, phrases or even slang in a piece of writing. | 1 | |
| 8421700601 | Narration as a mode | Telling a story or recounting a series of events, may be real or fictional, usually governed by chronology, and must support a thesis | 2 | |
| 8421702867 | Description as a mode | Similar to narration in its use of concrete details, differs from narration in its emphasis on senses, often used to establish atmosphere or mood, rarely a stand-alone developmental pattern (usually used to strengthen other modes) | 3 | |
| 8421702868 | Process analysis as a mode | Explains how something works, how to do something, or how something was done. Often more expository than persuasive, connotative language may establish a position or tone | 4 | |
| 8421712423 | Definition as a mode | Juxtaposing two things to highlight their similarities and differences | 5 | |
| 8421712424 | Classification as a mode | Sorting material into categories, making connections between things that might otherwise seem unrelated | 6 | |
| 8421714399 | Compare and contrast as a mode | Juxtaposing two things to highlight their similarities and differences | 7 | |
| 8421714400 | Cause and effect as a mode | May move from causes to effect or work from the effect backward to the causes | 8 | |
| 8421722279 | Enumeration | the listing or counting off of names, ideas or things | 9 | |
| 8421727458 | Metonymy | a figure of speech that uses the name of an object, person, or idea to represent something with which it is associated, such as using "the crown" to refer to a monarch ; Also, "The pen is mightier than the sword." | 10 | |
| 8421730134 | Synecdoche | a figure of speech in which a part of something is used to represent the whole or, occasionally, the whole is used to represent a part. Examples: To refer to a boat as a "sail"; to refer to a car as "wheels"; to refer to the violins, violas, etc. in an orchestra as "the strings." **Different than metonymy, in which one thing is represented by another thing that is commonly physically associated with it (but is not necessarily a part of it), i.e., referring to a monarch as "the crown" or the President as "The White House." | 11 | |
| 8421730135 | Anaphora | the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses Ex: Five years have passed; Five summers, with the length of Five long winters! and again I hear these waters ... | 12 | |
| 8421732815 | Anithesis | a figure of speech in which an opposition or contrast of ideas is expressed by parallelism of words that are the opposites of, or strongly contrasted with, each other, such as "We must learn to live together as brothers or perish together as fools". | 13 | |
| 8421732816 | Polysyndeton | Polysyndeton is a literary technique in which conjunctions (e.g. and, but, or) are used repeatedly in quick succession, often with no commas, even when the conjunctions could be removed. ex: "Jerry stood: aiming at the prisoner the beery breath of a whet he had taken as he came along, and discharging it to mingle with the waves of other beer, and gin, and tea, and coffee, and what not, that flowed at him" | 14 | |
| 8421738636 | Parenthetical statement | A parenthetical statement (which appears in parentheses) is usually (but not always) used to further amplify (or define) the statement that went before (in that same sentence.) | 15 | |
| 8421741951 | Compound sentence | Contains at least two independent clauses but no dependent clauses. | 16 | |
| 8421746252 | Paradox | A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity. (Think of the beginning of Dickens' Tale of Two Cities: "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times....") | 17 | |
| 8443281996 | Exemplification | Providing a series of examples, turns a general idea into a concrete idea, often helps clarify or illustrate a point or argument, Often used in inductive arguments (reasoning from specifics pieces of evidence to a more general conclusion) | 18 | |
| 8443314389 | periodic sentence | The opposite of loose sentence, a sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. This independent clause is preceded by a phrase or clause that cannot stand alone. The effect of a periodic sentence is to add emphasis and structural variety. It is also a much stronger sentence than the loose sentence. (Example: After a long, bumpy flight and multiple delays, I arrived at the San Diego airport.) | 19 | |
| 8443324170 | cumulative/loose sentence | A type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses. If a period were placed at the end of the independent clause, the clause would be a complete sentence. A work containing many loose sentences often seems informal, relaxed, or conversational. Generally, loose sentences create loose style. The opposite of a loose sentence is the periodic sentence. Example: I arrived at the San Diego airport after a long, bumpy ride and multiple delays. Could stop at: I arrived at the San Diego airport. | 20 | |
| 8443351458 | complex sentence | Contains only one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. | 21 |
