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AP Lang language terms Flashcards

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14778022073AntithesisA contrast or opposition0
14778022074Asyndetonthe omission or absence of a conjunction between parts of a sentence.1
14778022075ParadoxStatement that contradicts itself; however it still states a truth2
14778022076AllusionA reference, usually to another literally work or to a historical event (biblical allusions are common)3
14778022077AnaphoraWord or phrase is repeated in the beginning of series4
14778022078EpistropheWord or phrase is repeated at the end5
14778022079BathosAn abrupt transition in style from the exalted to the commonplace, producing a ludicrous effect; anticlimax6
14783479748ConceitAn unusually far-fetched or elaborate metaphor or simile presenting a surprisingly apt parallel between two dissimilar things or feelings (elaborate metaphor)7
14783479749EuphemismA more pleasant way of saying8
14783479750HyperboleExaggeration for the sake of emphasis in a figure of speech not meant literally9
14783902663MetonomyA figure of speech in which a person, place, or thing is referred to by something closely associated with it10
14783902664SynecdoteA figure of speech in which a part represents the whole11
14783902665Cumulative sentence (loose sentence)Begins with standard sentence pattern and adds multiple details after it12
14783902666Periodic sentenceA long sentence in which the completion of the syntax is delayed until the end, usually after a series of balanced subordinate clauses13
14783902667AlliterationRepetition of the same consonant sounds14
14783902668AssonanceThe repetition of similar vowel sounds15
14783902669ConsonanceThe repetition of two or more consonants with a change in the intervening vowels16
14783902670ZeugmaA figure of speech by which one word refers to two others17
14783902671ChiasmusA figure of speech by which the order of the terms in the first of two parallel clauses is reversed in the second18
14783902672AntimetaboleThe repetition of words in successive clauses in reverse order19
14783902673LitotesA figure of speech by which affirmation is made indirectly by denying its opposite, usually with an effect of underestimate20
14783902674EthosThe appeal of a text to the credibility and character of the speaker, writer, or narrator21
14783902675LogosThe appeal of a text or speech based on the logical structure of its argument or ideas22
14796991894PathosThe appeal of a text or speech to the emotions of the audience (possibly evoking pity)23
14796991895ToneThe writers or speakers attitude toward the subject matter24
14807259774AphorismA brief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life25
14807259775DictionWord choice26
14807259776ImageryLanguage that appeals to the five senses27
14807259777Extended metaphorA metaphor that compares two things at some length. Sometimes that comparison is carried throughout a paragraph, a stanza, or an entire selection28
14807259778ColloquialismThe use of informal expressions appropriate to everyday speech rather than to the formality of writing29
14807259779AllegoryA symbolic story30
14807259780Deductive reasoningReaches a conclusion by assuming a general premise (called the major premise) and applying that principle to a specific case (goes from general to specific)31
14807259781ElegyA poem of mourning, usually about someone who has died32
14807259782EpitaphWriting in praise of a dead person, most often inscribed upon a headstone33
14807259783FlashbackAn earlier is inserted I the normal chronology of the narration34
14807259784Inductive reasoningThe process of generalizing on the basis of a number of specific examples and then presenting an inductive conclusion (goes from general to general)35
14807259785IronyA discrepancy between appearances and reality (verbal, situational, dramatic)36
14807259786IsocolonParallel structure in which elements are similar not only on grammatical structure but also length37
14807259787JargonSpecialized or technical language of a trade, profession, or similar group38
14807259788OnomatopoeiaWords that imitate sounds39
14807259789MetaphorMakes a comparison between two unlike things without using like or as40
14807259790PersonificationSomething nonhuman is given human characteristics41
14807259791RhetoricThe art of using words to persuade I. Writing or speaking42
14807259792SatireA type of writing that ridicules the shortcomings of people or institutions in an attempt to bring about social change43
14807259793SimileComparison using like or as44
14807259794SymbolismAnything that stands for or represents something else beyond it45
14807259795SyntaxSentence structure46
14807259796OxymoronA figure of speech that combined two usually contradictory terms47
14807259797PolysyndetonRepetition of conjunctions48
14807259798ApostropheA rhetorical figure in which the speaker addresses a dead or absent person, or an abstraction or inanimate object49
14807259799EulogyA speech or written passage that honors a deceased person50
14807259800Rhetorical questionA question asked for the sake of persuasive effect rather than as a genuine request for information51
14807259801JuxtapositionTo place side by side52
14807259802AnalogyIllustration of an idea by a more familiar idea53
14807259803EpithetA descriptive word or phrase that is frequently used to characterize a person or thing54
14807259804UnderstatementA statement that says less than what is meant (opposite of hyperbole)55
14807259805SonnetA lyrical poem comprising fourteen rhyming lines of equal length56
14807259806ExpositionThe setting forth of a systematic explanation of an argument about any subject; or the opening part of a play or story, in which we are introduced to the characters and their situation57

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