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APES Unit 3:Population Flashcards

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15432914156Three types of population distributionRandom, Uniform, Clumped0
15432914157Density Dependent FactorA factor that influences an individuals probability of survival and reproduction in a manner that depends on the size of the population (i.e. predation, disease, food supply)1
15432914158Density Independent FactorA factor that has the same effect on a individual's probability of survival and reproduction at any populations size2
15432914159exponential growth modelsoccurs when populations are not limited by resources. (J-curve)3
15432914160logistical growth modeloccurs when populations reach a carrying capacity established by a limiting resource and initially experience large growth but then level off. However, they do not exist exactly at carrying capacity. They fluctuate above and below.4
15432914161Type I, II, III Curvesreproductive strategies of different species. Type I fosters their young, Type II does sorta kinda, and type III straight up ditches their kids5
15432914162K selective strategiesA species with a low intrinsic growth rate that causes the population to increase slowly until it reaches carrying capacity (TYPE I)6
15432914163R selective strategiesA species with a high intrinsic growth rate that causes the population to overshoot and quickly die off (TYPE III)7
15432914164Population sizeThe total number of individuals within a defined area at a given time8
15432914165Population densityThe number of individuals per unit area at a given time9
15432914166Population distributionHow individuals are distributed with respect to one another10
15432914167Population age structurehow many individuals fit into age categories. Shown by age structure diagrams11
15432914168Growth RateThe number of offspring an individual can produce in a given period of time, minus the deaths of the individual or offspring during the same period12
15432914170CompetitionThe struggle of individuals to obtain a limiting resource13
15432914180Community EcologyThe study of the interactions between species in a habitat14
15432914186How does the human population not have a food deficit?Innovation and Technology15
15432914187growth rate equationCBR-CDR/1016
15432914188doubling time for a population equation70/growth rate17
15432914190Total Fertility Rate (TFR)estimate of the average number of children each woman will bear in her lifetime18
15432914191Replacement level fertility (RLF)2.119
15432914192Developed CountriesCountries with high levels of industrialization and income20
15432914193Developing CountriesCountries with relatively low levels of industrialization and income21
15432914195Infant Mortality RateNumber of deaths of children under the age of one per 1000 births22
15432914197Demographic TransitionThe theory that as a country moves from a subsistence economy to and industrialized one, it undergoes a predictable shift in population growth23
15432914198Family PlanningRegulating the number or spacing of children through the use of birth control24
154329956252 indicators of overall health in a countrylife expectancy and infant mortality rate25
15433001002Top 3 most populous contriesCHina, INdia, America26
15433015824Generalista species with a broad niche that can tolerate a wide range of conditions and can use a variety of resources27
15433020641SpecialistA consumer that primarily eats one specific organism or feeds on a very small number of organisms.28
15433031245Biotic PotentialThe maximum rate at which a population could increase under ideal conditions29
15433035750Ecological Footprintthe impact of a person or community on the environment, expressed as the amount of land required to sustain their use of natural resources.30
15433045055limiting factorAny biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the existence, numbers, reproduction, or distribution of organisms.31

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