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APES Ch. 23 Flashcards

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14691558183economicsgoods and services0
14691564946economic systemsocial institutions (socialism, communism)1
14691568250free-market systemsupply and demand2
14691571309natural capitalresources provided by the earth's natural processes3
14691576489human capitalpeople's physical and mental talents4
14691582561manufactured capitaltools and materials5
14691583563economic growth-increased capacity to supply goods and services -requires increased production and consumption -requires more consumers6
14691605603economic developmentimprovement of living standards by economic growth7
14691610890environmentally sustainable economic developmentusing political and economic systems to discourage environmentally harmful and unsustainable forms of economic growth that degrade natural capital, and to encourage environmentally beneficial and sustainable forms of economic development that help sustain natural capital8
14691622001use resources more sustainably1. full-cost pricing 2. subsidizing environmentally beneficial goods/services 3. taxing pollution & waste instead of wages on products9
14691630567cap-and-tradeincentive based; to reduce SO2 * cap: companies pay penalties if they exceed the cap * trade: market for companies to buy and sell allowances that permit them to emit only a certain amount10
14691646328povertypeople who can't meet basic needs (1/5 of the population lives on less than $1.25 a day)11
14691652819reducing poverty helps reduce:* population growth * resource use * environmental degradation12
14691659278microloans* give hope to the poor * $5-$500 * mostly women13

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