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AP Bio Biochemistry Unit Flashcards

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15150375430Amino Acid0
15151961040IsomerCompounds with the same formula but different structures.1
15151937865CohesionLinking of like molecules2
15151941345AdhesionClinging of one substance to another3
15150375443hydroxylAlcohols, polar, hydrophilic. Found in sugars and glycerol.4
15150375444aminoPolar, a weak base, hydrophilic, and found in amino acids.5
15150375431glucose6
15150375432starch7
15150375445methylNON POLAR, HYDROPHOBIC and found in fatty acids, waxes, oils, and some amino acids.8
15150375433cellulose9
15150375446carbonylTWO TYPES: The one pictured is a ketone and the -HC=O version at the end of a chain is an aldehyde. Found in sugars. Is polar and hydrophilic.10
15150375434sucrose11
15150375447sulfhydrylPolar and hydrophilic. Found in amino acids.12
15150375448disulfideCritically forms bridges in polypeptide chains for proteins to maintain their structure.13
15150375435hemoglobin14
15150375449carboxylPolar, hydrophilic and a weak acid. Found in amino acids and fatty acids.15
15150375436triglyceride16
15150375437phospholipid17
15150375450phosphatePolar, acidic, and hydrophilic. Found in ATP, DNA, and RNA.18
15150375438glycerol19
15150375439RNA20
15150375440saturated fatty acid21
15150375441unsaturated fatty acid22
15150375473DNA23
15150375474nucleotide24
15150375475nitrogenous bases25
15150375476polyunsaturated fatty acid26
15150375477dehydration reaction27
15150375451Proteins only subgroupAmino acids28
15150375452Honeycomb like shapeLipid-Steroid29
15150375453Carboxyl groupCOOH, -C=O30
15150375454Methyl functional groupOnly nonpolar functional group31
15150375455Unsaturated fatty acid definitionAt least one double bond(liquid)32
15150375456Saturated fatty acid definitionNo double bonds(solid)33
15150375478Glycerol34
15150375457PhospholipidFatty acid chains attached to glycerol with a phosphate group(make cell membrane)35
15150375458Nucleotide(Nucleic Acid)Nitrogen base, Sugar, 1+ Phosphate group36
15150375459Pyrimidine basesSingle ring structure of N-base (Cytosine and Thymine)37
15150375460NucleosideNitrogen base and sugar38
15150375461Carbohydrates sub groupsMonosaccharide, Disaccharide, Polysaccharide39
15151418681ChitinExoskeleton of lobster40
15150375462Lipids sub groupsSteroids, Fats, Fatty Acids41
15150375463Fatty Acid ChainsNp42
15150375464DiphosphateTwo phosphate groups (ADP)43
15150375465TriphosphateThree phosphate groups (ATP)44
15150375466Carbohydrate consists of whatCarbon, 2 Hydrogen, Oxygen45
15150375479Cholestrol46
15150375480Pentose Sugar47
15150375467RibosePentose sugar with OH(RNA)48
15150375468DeoxyribosePentose sugar with H(DNA)49
151503754694 Types of macromoleculesCarbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids50
15150375470AcidIncreases H+ of a solution51
15150375471BaseDecreases H+ of a solution52
15150375472Three main components of nucleotidesNitrogen Base, Sugar, 1+phosphate groups53
15150411589What causes the Alpha helix and the Beta-plated sheetsIt is caused by the Amine and Carboxyl groups54
15150423456Hydophobic and hydrophilic determines if the moleculeFolds in or out55
15150429169What makes Quaternary level different?It combines two peptide chains56
15150433825StarchSugar that is consumable57
15150440992CelluloseSugar that is not consumable58
15150691727DNA nucelotidesThymine, Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine59
15150695865RNA nucleotidesAdenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Uracil60
15150965815Glycosidic bonds are found in what molecule?Carbohydrate61
15150973488Peptide bonds are found in what molecule?Link Amino Acids/Proteins62
15150979370Phosphodiester bonds are found in what molecule?Nucleic Acids63
15150986303What makes disulfide bridges better than other bonds?Harder to denature due to the covalent bonds64
15151002933Phosphodiester bondsBonds between OH groups in nucleic acids.65
15154099867lipids cannot dissolve in water= T or FTrue66

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