Mesopotamia, ancient Egypt
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| 10477888050 | Epic of Gilgamesh | Epic poem, portrays ancient Mesopotamia n society and it's values. | 0 | |
| 10477888051 | Elements of Civilization | 1) Cities/administrative centers 2) political system 3) specialization of labor 4) status determined by wealth 5) monuments 6) Permanent record keeping 7) long distance trade 8) advances science and art | 1 | |
| 10478001420 | Culture | Beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people | 2 | |
| 10478001421 | History | Past events, changes in culture | 3 | |
| 10478001422 | Stone Age | Historical period - production of tools | 4 | |
| 10478001423 | Paleolithic age | "Old Stone Age" 10,000 years ago | 5 | |
| 10478001424 | Foragers | Hunting and food gathering people | 6 | |
| 10478001425 | Neolithic age | "New Stone Age" origin of agriculture | 7 | |
| 10478001426 | Division of labor by gender | Women - child rearing & foraging Men - hunting (mostly) | 8 | |
| 10478065421 | Sumerian writing | Cuneiform | 9 | |
| 10478001427 | Cave art | Animals, religious imagery, people | 10 | |
| 10478001428 | Neolithic revolution | Basic agriculture and tools rising | 11 | |
| 10478001429 | Agricultural revolution | Food production in separate parts of the world (livestock & crops) | 12 | |
| 10478001430 | Emmer wheat and barley | Domesticated grain in Middle East | 13 | |
| 10478001431 | Agriculture of eastern Sahara | Sorghum and more | 14 | |
| 10478001432 | Swidden agriculture | Leaving a field without crops so it can rest Used in early Europe | 15 | |
| 10478001433 | Rice | The grain Asian civilization was based on | 16 | |
| 10478001434 | Domestication of rice | First domesticated in South China, South East Asia or Northern India | 17 | |
| 10478001435 | Maize (corn) | Grain of North America | 18 | |
| 10478001436 | Domestication of Maize | In North America, along with beans and squash | 19 | |
| 10478001437 | Domestication of animals | For meat or milk (Dogs possible first) | 20 | |
| 10478001438 | Pastoralism | Lifestyle dependent on small and large stock animals | 21 | |
| 10478001439 | Holocene | The geological era since the end of the Great Ice Age about 11,000 years ago. | 22 | |
| 10478001440 | Lineages / Clans | Kinship units thar worked together | 23 | |
| 10478001441 | Matrilineal societies | Importance Women's descendants | 24 | |
| 10478001442 | Patrilineal societies | Importance on men's descendants | 25 | |
| 10478001443 | Matriarchy | Rule of women | 26 | |
| 10478001444 | Patriarchy | Rule of men | 27 | |
| 10478001445 | Megaliths | Huge stones erected as monuments (Stonehenge) | 28 | |
| 10478001446 | Çatal Hüyük | Earliest city excavated Central Turkey | 29 | |
| 10478001447 | Mesopotamia "land between rivers" | Flat fertile lane between Tigris and Euphrates rivers Many early civilizations | 30 | |
| 10478001448 | Tigris and Euphrates | Originate in Anatolia (Turkey) end in Persian gulf | 31 | |
| 10478001449 | Farming in Mesopotamia | Irrigation based 8000 BCE | 32 | |
| 10478001450 | Sumerians | Invented writing 5000 BCE in southern Mesopotamia | 33 | |
| 10478001451 | Semitic (family) | Language family of West Asian and North Africa | 34 | |
| 10478001452 | Semitic languages | Arabic, Hebrew, Aramaic, Phoenician | 35 | |
| 10478001453 | city-state | Small independent state, own food and govt. Early Mesopotamia lousy with 'em | 36 | |
| 10478001454 | Irrigation systems in Mesopotamia | Dig canals to bring water to fields | 37 | |
| 10478001455 | Legal (big man) | First king in Mesopotamia | 38 | |
| 10478001457 | Hammurabi | Most famous/important Babylonian king | 39 | |
| 10478065422 | Hammurabi's code | Created a code of laws for Babylon (Eye for an eye for example) His greatest accomplishment | 40 | |
| 10478065423 | 3 classes if Babylonian society | 1) landowners (royalty, govt. officials, priests, merchants, artisans) 2) dependent farmers 3) slaves | 41 | |
| 10478065424 | Scribes | professional record keepers who could read and write | 42 | |
| 10478065425 | Babylonian Religion | Gods embodied nature Gods were cruel Anthropomorphic gods Many monuments to the god | 43 | |
| 10478065426 | Ziggurat | Mud brick building Unknown purpose | 44 | |
| 10478065427 | Amulet | Small charm to keep out evil | 45 | |
| 10478065428 | Technology | Specialized knowledge/tools for tasks | 46 | |
| 10478065429 | Cuneiform | Wedge shaped writing system Sumerian and Akkadian | 47 | |
| 10478065430 | Bronze | Copper and tin Transformed tools and trade | 48 | |
| 10478065431 | Upper and Lower Egypt | Egypt was Centered around The Nile (which flows south to north) So "upper" was to the south And "lower" to the north | 49 | |
| 10478065432 | Nilometers | Stone measurement that gushed floods | 50 | |
| 10478065433 | Menes | Egyptian ruler who united Egypt | 51 | |
| 10478065434 | Olds, middle and New kingdoms | Eras used by historians of different important times for Egypt | 52 | |
| 10478065435 | Pharaoh | Manifestation of god who ruled Egypt | 53 | |
| 10478065436 | Ma'at | Divinely created order | 54 | |
| 10478065437 | Pyramid | Large triangular monument to bury Egyptian kings | 55 | |
| 10478065438 | Memphis | Capitol of old kingdom egypt | 56 | |
| 10478065439 | Thebes | Capitol of Egypt | 57 | |
| 10478065440 | Hieroglyphics | Complex writing system based on pictures from ancient Egypt | 58 | |
| 10478065441 | Papyrus | Reed used as paper in Egypt | 59 | |
| 10478065442 | Egyptian trade | Traded with sub-Saharan Africa after long time as isolationists | 60 | |
| 10478065443 | Rights of women in Egypt | Could own property Divorce Queens had power But still always less then men | 61 | |
| 10478065444 | Re (ray) | Sun-god of Egypt, primary god | 62 | |
| 10478065445 | Egyptian book of the dead | Rituals and spells to protect spirits after desth | 63 | |
| 10478065446 | Mummy | A body preserved Mostly for nobility | 64 | |
| 10478065447 | Harappa | Great city of India-valley civilization | 65 | |
| 10478065448 | Mohenjo- Daro | Largest Indus Valley city | 66 | |
| 10478065449 | Metal in the Indus Valley | Large quantities, for tools and jewelry | 67 | |
| 10478065450 | Trade in the Indus Valley | Widespread trade with others, goods moved by river | 68 | |
| 10478001456 | Babylon | Largest and most important Mesopotamian city councilor | 69 |
