Terms : Hide Images
| 14860301409 | life span | the period between birth to natural death of an organism. | 0 | |
| 14860301410 | Reproduction | The biological process in which an organism gives rise to young ones (offspring) similar to itself. The offspring grow, mature and in turn produce new offspring. This cycle of birth, growth and death. | 1 | |
| 14860301411 | asexual reproduction | When offspring is produced by a single parent with or without involvement of gamates formation. eg: Kingdom Fungi, simple plants (algae). | 2 | |
| 14860301412 | sexual reproduction | When two parents (opp sex or same sex) participate in the reproductive process and also involve fusion of male and female gamates. - an elaborate, complex and slow process | 3 | |
| 14860301413 | Clone | Morphologically and genetically similar individuals which are exact copies of their parents. | 4 | |
| 14860301414 | cell division | the parent cell divides into two to give rise to new individuals. --> eg: Protists and Monerans | 5 | |
| 14860301415 | binary fission | many single celled organisms undergo cell division (two halves) and each grows rapidly into adults. Eg: Amoeba , Paramecium | 6 | |
| 14860301416 | Budding | The division is unequal and small buds are produced that remain attached initially to the parent cell which, eventually gets separated and mature into new organisms. Eg: Yeast | 7 | |
| 14860301417 | Asexual structures | - Zoospores - chlamydospores - only motile spores - Conidia - Penicillium - exogenous spores -Buds- Hydra - exogenous unequal budding - Oidia- Asparagus - Gemmules- Sponges- endogenous spores | 8 | |
| 14860301418 | vegetative propagation | process of asexual reproduction in plants * Structures are called vegetative propagules. Eg: Runner, stolon, offset, Bulb, Corm, Rhizome, sucker, Tuber. | 9 | |
| 14860301419 | Nodes | Sight of origin of new plantlets in plants. Present in modified stem. | 10 | |
| 14860301420 | Juvenile/ Vegetative phase | The age of growth and maturity all the organisms have to reach in their life before they can reproduce sexually. - It is of variable duration. | 11 | |
| 14860301421 | Reproductive phase | The end of J/V phase which marks the beginning of a new phase where organisms reproduce to give rise to zygote. | 12 | |
| 14860301422 | Senescence phase | The end of reproductive phase which is marked by growing old and slowing down of body metabolism. | 13 | |
| 14860301423 | Plants- Annuals | - show clear cut phases of life - | 14 | |
| 14860301424 | Biennial plants | 15 | ||
| 14860301425 | Perennials plants | 16 | ||
| 14860301426 | seasonal breeders | 17 | ||
| 14860301427 | Continuos Breeders | 18 | ||
| 14860301428 | Oestrus cycle | 19 | ||
| 14860301429 | menstrual cycle | 20 | ||
| 14867331932 | Pre fertilization events | All the events of sexual reproduction taking place prior to the fusion of gamates. -Gamaetogenesis -gamate transfer | 21 | |
| 14867331933 | Gametogenesis | The process of formation of two types of gamates- male and female(both haploid) from primary sex organs | 22 | |
| 14867331934 | Homogamates | - Also called Isogamates - Two gamates are similar in appearance -Eg: Cladophora (alga) | 23 | |
| 14867331935 | Heterogamates | Two gamates produced are morphologically distinct types - male : Antherozoid or sperm - female : egg or ovum -Eg: Fucus, humans | 24 | |
| 14867331936 | homothallic or monoecious | Plants which have both male and female reproductive structures in the same plant | 25 | |
| 14868291939 | Heterothallic or dioecious | Plants which have male and female structures on different plants | 26 | |
| 14868291940 | Staminate | Unisexual male flower bearing stamens | 27 | |
| 14868291941 | Pistillate | Unisexual female flower bearing pistils. | 28 | |
| 14868291942 | hermaphrodite | bisexual animals that possess both male and female reproductive organs Eg: Earthworm, sponges, leech, tapeworm Eg: (Unisexual) Cockroach | 29 | |
| 14868291943 | mitotic division | Haploid parent body producing haploid gamates eg: Monera, algae, fungi, bryophytes | 30 | |
| 14868291944 | Meotic Division | Diploid parents (Meiocytes) produce haploid gamates via meiosis eg: pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms, humans | 31 | |
| 14868291945 | Gamate transfer | Process where male and female gamates are physically brought together to facilitate fertilisation. -male-motile, female-stationary exception: some fungi and algae (both gamates are motile) Water is the common medium for gamate transfer (Eg: Algae, Bryophytes, pteridophytes) | 32 | |
| 14868291946 | Pollination | the transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma of the same plant or same flower located on a diff plant of same species | 33 | |
| 14868291947 | self-fertilization | When pollen fertilizes eggs from the same flower eg: Peas (bisexual) | 34 | |
| 14868291948 | syngamy | The fusion of male and female gamates to form zygote. Also called fertilization. | 35 | |
| 14868291949 | Parthenogensis | The female produce offspring without undergoing fertilization. Eg: rotifers, honeybees, turkey, some lizards. | 36 | |
| 14868291950 | external fertilization | Synagamy occurs outside the body of the female in ext. medium (water) Eg: Algae, fishes (bony fish) amphibians (frogs) | 37 | |
| 14868291951 | internal fertilization | Synagamy occurs inside the body of the female. eg: fungi, reptiles, birds, mammals, bryophyte, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms. | 38 | |
| 14868291952 | Post fertilization events | Events in sexual reproduction after the formation of zygote. | 39 | |
| 14868291953 | Zygotes | Universal product of all sexually reproducing organisms. - Formed in ext. medium(water) in ext. fertilization. - ensures continuity of generations | 40 | |
| 14868291954 | Embryogenesis | The process of development of embryo from zygote Vital events- Cell division ( Inc no of cells) n cell differentiation (helps group of cells to undergo certain modifications to form specialised tissues n organs) | 41 | |
| 14868291955 | Oviparous | development of zygote takes place outside the body of female where they lay eggs covered with calcareous shell | 42 | |
| 14868291956 | viviparous | Organisms which give birth to young ones. | 43 |
