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| 15410104127 | Abbasid Caliphate | Second of the two great dynasties of the Muslim empire. It overthrew the Umayyad caliphate in 750 CE and reigned until it was destroyed by the Mongol invasion in 1258. The Abbasid capital was Baghdad. | 0 | |
| 15410118907 | Al-Andalus | A Muslim ruled region in what is now Spain, established in the 8th century A.D. | 1 | |
| 15410123830 | Arabesque | Complex designs typical of Islamic art, combining intertwining plants and geometric patterns. | 2 | |
| 15410128763 | Astrolabe | A navigational instrument used to determine latitude by measuring the position of the stars. | 3 | |
| 15410131609 | Ayllus | In Incan society, a clan or community that worked together on projects required by the ruler. | 4 | |
| 15410135352 | Cahokia | Pre-Columbian settlement located on the Mississippi River (near modern day St. Louis) that was the largest city in North America north of Mexico, with as many as 20,000 people living there at its peak. The city fell into decline after 1200, around the time that a flood occurred, becoming abandoned by 1400. | 5 | |
| 15410173122 | Caliph | The chief Muslim political and religious leader. | 6 | |
| 15410177311 | Calpulli | Aztec clans that supplied labor and warriors to leaders. | 7 | |
| 15410181660 | Chinampas | Platforms of twisted vines and mud that served the Aztecs as floating gardens and extended their agricultural land. | 8 | |
| 15410197867 | Chaco | Pre-Columbian civilization that flourished in the San Juan Basin of the American Southwest from the 9th-12th century CE. Chacoans built epic works of public architecture-a feat which required long-term planning and significant social organization. | 9 | |
| 15410216320 | Dar al-Islam | The House of Islam; a term representing the political and religious unity of various Islamic groups. | 10 | |
| 15410226910 | Dhow | Arab sailing vessels with triangular or lateen sails; strongly influenced European ship design. | 11 | |
| 15410232938 | Dhimmi | Literally "people of the book"; applied as inclusive term to Jews and Christians in Islamic territories; later extended to Zoroastrians and even Hindus and Buddhists. | 12 | |
| 15410246859 | Hadith | A collection of the sayings and deeds of Muhammad. | 13 | |
| 15410251640 | House of Wisdom | The Grand Library of Baghdad that became one of the greatest centers of learning in the medieval world. Built primarily as a library, the House became the home of ancient and modern wisdom during the Islamic Golden Age, preserving important works of scholarship from across Europe and the Middle East. | 14 | |
| 15410267974 | Jihad | Islamic holy water. | 15 | |
| 15410271430 | Jizya | Head tax paid by all nonbelievers in Islamic territories. | 16 | |
| 15410277467 | Mamluks/Mamluk Sultanate | Turkic military slaves who formed part of the army of the Abbasid Caliphate in the ninth and tenth centuries/Mamluk generals who founded their own state in Egypt and Syria from the 13th-16th centuries. | 17 | |
| 15410292512 | Mawali | Non-Arab converts to Islam. | 18 | |
| 15410295489 | Mexica | The name given to themselves by the Aztec people. | 19 | |
| 15410300279 | Mesa Verde | Mesa (in modern day Colorado) where Native Americans survived using a combination of hunting, gathering, and subsistence farming of crops such as corn, beans, and squash. They built the mesa's first pueblos sometime after 650, and by the end of the 12th century, they began to construct the massive cliff dwellings. | 20 | |
| 15410329157 | Mississippians | Were a Chalcolithic (copper age) mound-building Native American culture that flourished in the Midwestern, Eastern, and Southeastern United States from approximately 800-1500AD varying regionally | 21 | |
| 15410351658 | Mita | A labor system used by Andean societies in which community members shared work to rulers and the religious community. | 22 | |
| 15410369797 | Mound-builders | Name given to those people who built mounds in a large area from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico and from the Mississippi River to the Applacachian Mountains. The greatest concentrations of mounds are found in the Mississippi and Ohio rivers. | 23 | |
| 15410385793 | People of the Book | A term applied by Islamic governments to Muslims, Christians, and Jews in reference to the fact that all three religions had a holy book. | 24 | |
| 15414265278 | Quechua | Andean society also known as the Inca. | 25 | |
| 15414270004 | Quipus | A system of knotted cords of different sizes and colors used by the Incas for keeping records. | 26 | |
| 15414276347 | Seljuk Empire | Ruling military family of the Oguz Turkic tribes that invaded southwestern Asia in the 11th century and eventually founded a Sunni Muslim empire that included Mesopotamia, Syria, Palestine, and most of Iran. Their advance marked the beginning of Turkish power in the Middle East. | 27 | |
| 15414299188 | Shariah | The body of law that governs Muslim society. | 28 | |
| 15414305284 | Shi'ite | The branch of Islam that holds that the leader of Islam must be a descendant of Muhammad's family. | 29 | |
| 15414317870 | Sufis | Muslims who attempted to reach Allah through mysticism. By educating the masses and deepening the spiritual concerns of the Muslims, they have played an important role in the formation of Muslim society. The Sufis have been further responsible for a large-scale missionary activity all over the world. | 30 | |
| 15414370893 | Sunni | The branch of Islam that believes that the Muslim community should select its leaders; the Sunnis are the largest branch of Islam. | 31 | |
| 15414379881 | Terraced farming | Type of farming invented by the Inca people that made the cultivation of crops in hilly or mountainous regions possible. It is commonly used in Asia by rice-growing countries now such as Vietnam, Philippines, and Indonesia. | 32 | |
| 15414396099 | Umma | The community of all Muslims believers. | 33 | |
| 15414399784 | Waru-waru | Agricultural technique developed by pre-Hispanic people in the Andes region of South America. The system ensures both the collection of water and its subsequent drainage, combines raised beds with irrigation channels to prevent damage by soil erosion during floods, and creates a microclimate that prevents damage from insects and frosts. | 34 |
