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AP Language and Composition - the Motherload List of Terms Flashcards

6734377669	abstract	(n.) an abbreviated synopsis of a longer work of scholarship or research; (adj.) dealing with or tending to deal with a subject apart from a particular or specific instance	0
6734390008	ad hominem	"against the man" - directed to or appealing to feelings or prejudices instead of to intellect or reason	1
6734395604	adage	a saying or proverb containing a truth based on experience and often couched in metaphorical language - Example: "There is more than one way to skin a cat."	2
6734422655	allegory	a story in which a second meaning is to be read beneath the surface	3
6734426779	alliteration	the repetition of one or more initial consonants in a group of words or lines in a poem or prose	4
6734432827	allusion	a reference to a person, place, or event meant to create an effect or enhance the meaning of an idea	5
6734440958	ambiguity	a vagueness of meaning; a conscious lack of clarity meant to evoke multiple meanings or interpretations	6
6734454406	anachronism	a person, scene, event, or other element that fails to correspond with the appropriate time or era. Example: Columbus sailing to the United States.	7
6734464201	analogy	a comparison that points out similarities between two dissimilar things; a passage that points out several similarities between two unlike things is called an extended ____________________	8
6734471355	anecdote	a brief narrative often used to illustrate an idea or make a point	9
6734474474	annotation	a brief explanation, summary, or evaluation of a text or work of literature	10
6734478793	antagonist	a character or force in a work of literature that, by opposing the protagonist, produces tension or conflict	11
6734484623	antecedent	a word to which a pronoun refers	12
6734486945	antithesis	a rhetorical opposition or contrast of ideas by means of a grammatical arrangement of words, clauses, or sentences, as in the following: "They promised freedom but provided slavery." "Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country."	13
6734502693	aphorism	a shorty, pithy statement of a generally accepted truth or sentiment. Also see adage and maxim.	14
6734511279	Apollonian	in contrast to Dionysian, it refers to the most noble, godlike qualities of human nature and behavior	15
6734518477	apostrophe	a locution that addresses a person or personified thing not present. Example: "Oh, you cruel streets of Manhattan, how I detest you!"	16
6734526817	arch	(adj) characterized by clever or sly humor, often saucy, playful, and somewhat irreverent	17
6734531350	archetype	an abstract or ideal conception of a type, a perfectly typical example; an original model or form	18
6734536577	assonance	the repetition of two or more vowel sounds in a group of words in prose or poetry	19
6734561208	Ad populum	"to the people" - playing on the prejudices of the audience	20
6734571058	appeal to tradition	a proposal that something should continue because it has traditionally existed or been done that way	21
6734575868	argument	a process of reasoning and advancing proof about issues on which conflicting views may be held; also, a statement or statements providing support for a claim	22
6734585244	audience	those who will hear an argument; more generally, those to whom a communication is addressed	23
6734597654	authority	a respectable, reliable source of evidence	24
6734600972	backing	the assurance upon which a warrant or assumption is based	25
6734609255	bard	a poet; in olden times, a performer who told heroic stories to musical accompaniment	26
6734612893	bathos	insincere or overdone sentimentality	27
6734620847	bibliography	a list of works cited or otherwise relevant to a particular subject	28
6734623680	bombast	inflated, pretentious language	29
6734627847	burlesque	a work of literature meant to ridicule a subject; a grotesque imitation	30
6734643039	begging the question	making a statement that assumes that the issue being argued has already been decided	31
6734707506	cacophony	grating, inharmonious sounds	32
6734709934	canon	the works considered most important in a national literature or period; works widely read and studied	33
6734713613	caricature	a grotesque or exaggerated likeness of striking qualities in persons and things	34
6734718215	carpe diem	literally, "seize the day"; "enjoy life while you can," a common theme in life and literature	35
6734727522	circumlocution	literally, "talking around" a subject; i.e., discourse that avoids direct reference to a subject	36
6734734434	classic	a highly regarded work of literature or other art form that has withstood the test of time	37
6734738355	classical, classicism	deriving from the orderly qualities of ancient Greek and Roman culture; impress formality, objectivity, simplicity, and restraint	38
6734749484	clause	generally, a structural element of a sentence, consisting of a grammatical subject and a predicate	39
6734753545	independent clause / main clause	a clause that can stand on its own as a complete sentence	40
6734758195	dependent clause / subordinate clause	a clause which is used as a noun or modifier and is an incomplete sentence, cannot stand alone grammatically; those that function as adjectives, nouns, or adverbs are known, respectively, as adjective, noun, and adverbial clauses	41
6734774128	climax	the high point, or turning point, of a story or play	42
6734777905	comparison and contrast	a mode of discourse in which two or more things are compared and contrasted.	43
6734782468	conceit	a witty or ingenious thought; a diverting or highly fanciful idea, often stated in figurative language	44
6734794988	concerete detail	a highly specific, particular, often real, actual, or tangible detail; the opposite of abstract	45
6734799893	connotation	the suggested or implied meaning of a word or phrase. contrast with denotation	46
6734806639	consonance	the repetition of two or more consonant sounds in a group of words or a unit of speech or writing	47
6735714813	critique	an analysis or assessment of a thing or situation for the purpose of determining its nature, limitations, and conformity to a set of standards	48
6735720852	cynic	one who expects and observes nothing but the worse of human conduct	49
6735725335	deduction	reasoning by which we establish that a conclusion must be true because the statements on which it is based are true	50
6735735341	denotation	the dictionary definition of a word. contrast with connotation	51
6735738446	denouement	the resolution that occurs at the end of a narrative or drama, real or imagined	52
6735742783	descriptive detail	graphic, exact, and accurate presentation of the characteristics of a person, place, or thing	53
6735806659	deus ex machina	in literature, the use of an artificial device or gimmick to solve a problem	54
6735809174	diction	the choice of words in oral and written discourse	55
6735812765	didactic	having an instructive purpose; intending to convey information or teach a lesson, usually in a dry, pompous manner	56
6735816344	digression	that portion of discourse that wanders or departs from the main subject or topic	57
6735820933	Dionysian	As distinguished from Apollonian, the word refers to sensual, pleasure-seeking impulses	58
6735832716	dramatic irony	a circumstance in which the audience or reader knows more about a situation than a character	59
6735845933	cause and effect	reasoning that assumes one event or condition can bring about another	60
6735847627	claim	the conclusion of an argument; what the arguer is trying to prove	61
6735850877	claim of fact	a claim that asserts something exists, has existed, or will exist, based on data that the audience will accept as objectively verifiable	62
6735858936	claim of policy	a claim asserting that specific courses of action should be instituted as solutions to problems	63
6735869854	claim of value	a claim that asserts some things are more or less desirable than others	64
6735892334	credibility	the audience's belief in the arguer's trustworthiness; see also ethos	65
6735920911	definition	an explanation of the meaning of a term, concept, or experience; may be used for clarification, especially of a claim, or as a means of developing an argument	66
6735927504	definition by negation	defining a thing by saying what it is not	67
6735936126	elegy	a poem or prose selection that laments or meditates on the passing or death of someone or something of value.	68
6735943363	ellipsis	three periods (...) indicating the omission of words in a though or quotation	69
6735952079	empathy	a feeling of association or identification with an object or person	70
6735954557	epic	a narrative poem that tells of the adventures and exploits of a hero	71
6735958148	epigram	a concise but ingenious, witty, and thoughtful statement	72
6735961913	epithet	an adjective or phrase that expresses a striking quality of a person or thing; "sun-bright topaz," "sun-lit lake," and "sun-bright lake" are examples. Can also be used to apply to vulgar or profane exclamations.	73
6735994566	eponymous	a term for the title character of a work of literature	74
6736095188	ethos	a speaker or author's authority to express opinions on a subject. The __________________ of a professional wrestler, for instance, to speak credibly about, say, philosophy or metaphysics, is questionable.	75
6736130005	euphemism	a mild of less negative usage for a harsh or blunt term. Example: "pass away" is a euphemism for "die."	76
6736138031	exegesis	a detailed analysis or interpretation of a work of prose or poetry	77
6736141518	expose	a factual piece of writing that reveals weaknesses, faults, frailties, or other shortcomings	78
6736152369	exposition	the background and events that lead to the presentation of the main idea or purpose of an essay or other work; setting forth the meaning or purpose of a piece of writing or discourse	79
6736159834	extended metaphor	a series of comparisons between two unlike objects	80
6736181881	evidence	facts or opinions that support an issue or claim; may consist of statistics, reports of personal experience, or views of experts	81
6737213882	fable	a short tale, often with nonhuman characters, from which a useful lesson or moral can be drawn	82
6737220693	fallacy, fallacious reasoning	an incorrect belief or superstition based on faulty data, defective evidence, false information, or flawed logic	83
6737228587	farce	a comedy that contains an extravagant and nonsensical disregard of seriousness, although it may have a serious, scornful purpose	84
6737240803	figurative language	has implied meaning - includes metaphor, simile, and personification	85
6737248455	frame	a structure that provides a premise or setting for a narrative or other discourse	86
6737255967	fact	something that is believed to have objective reality, a piece of information regarded as verifiable	87
6737261685	factual evidence	support consisting of data that is considered objectively verifiable by the audience	88
6737268265	false analogy	assuming without sufficient proof that if objects or processes are similar in some ways, then they are similar in other ways as well	89
6737275516	false dilemma	simplifying a complex problem into an either/or dichotomy	90
6737286137	faulty emotional appeals	basing an argument on feelings, especially pity or fear - often to draw attention away from the real issues or conceal another purpose	91
6737293160	generalization	a statement of general principle derived inferentially from a series of examples	92
6737297123	genre	a term used to describe literary forms, such as a novel, play, and essay	93
6737302764	harangue	a forceful sermon, lecture, or tirade	94
6737305233	homily	a lecture or sermon on a religious or moral theme meant to guide human behavior	95
6737309086	hubris	excessive pride that often affects tone	96
6737312105	humanism	a belief that emphasizes faith and optimism in human potential and creativity	97
6737315341	hyperbole	overstatement; gross exaggeration for rhetorical effect	98
6737323041	hasty generalization	drawing conclusions from insufficient evidence	99
6737326162	induction	reasoning by which a general statement is reached on the basis of particular examples	100
6737329598	inference	an interpretation of the facts	101
6737339129	image	a word or phrase representing that which can be seen, touched, tasted, smelled, or felt;	102
6737344985	indirect quotation	a rendering of a quotation in which actual words are not stated but only approximated or paraphrased	103
6737353513	invective	a direct verbal assault; casting blame on someone or something	104
6737358159	irony	a mode of expression in which the intended meaning is the opposite of what is stated, often implying ridicule or light sarcasm; a state of affairs or events that is the reverse of what might have been expected	105
6737363987	lampoon	a mocking, satirical assault on a person or situation	106
6737366474	litotes	a form of understatement in which the negative of the contrary is used to achieve emphasis or intensity. Example - "He is not a bad dancer."	107
6737378870	loose sentence	a sentence that follows the customary word order of English sentences, i.e. subject-verb-object. The main idea of the sentence is presented first and then is followed by one or more subordinate clauses.	108
6737388656	lyrical prose	personal, reflective prose that reveals the speaker's thoughts and feelings about the subject	109
6737399878	logos	the logic used by a speaker or writer to support a claim or point of view	110
6737425072	malapropism	a confused use of words in which the appropriate word is replaced by one with a similar sound but inappropriate meaning	111
6737448823	melodrama	a literary form in which events are exaggerated in order to create an extreme emotional response	112
6737453419	metaphor	a figure of speech in that compares unlike objects	113
6737458827	metonymy	a figure of speech that uses the name of one thing to represent something else with which it is associated. Example, "The White house says..."	114
6737466517	mode	the general form, pattern, and manner of expression of a piece of discourse	115
6737475125	montage	a quick succession of images or impressions used to express an idea	116
6737478744	mood	the emotional tone or prevailing atmosphere in a work of literature to other discourse	117
6737484691	motif	a phrase, idea, or event that through repetition serves to unify or convey a theme in an essay or other discourse	118
6737499425	non sequitur	"it does not follow"; using irrelevant proof to buttress a claim	119
6737516812	objective	(adj) of or relating to facts or reality, as opposed to private and personal feelings and attitudes. Its opposite is subjective.	120
6737528038	oxymoron	a term consisting of contradictory elements juxtaposed to create a paradoxical effect. Examples - "jumbo shrimp," "loud silence"	121
6737794010	paradox	a statement that seems self-contradictory but is nevertheless true	122
6737799284	parallel structure (or parallelism)	the structure required for expressing two or more grammatical elements of equal rank. For example, "Colleges favor applicants with good academic records, varied interests, and excellent hair."	123
6737831603	paraphrase	a version of a text put into simpler, everyday words or summarized for brevity	124
6737836216	parody	an imitation of a work meant to ridicule its style and subject	125
6737881419	pathos	the emotional appeal used to persuade an audience to accept a certain point of view or opinion	126
6737889542	pedantic	narrowly academic instead of broad and humane; excessively petty and meticulous	127
6737900660	periodic sentence	a sentence that departs from the usual word order of English sentences by expressing its main thought only at the end. In other words, the particulars in the sentence are presented before the idea they support.	128
6737914197	personification	a figure of speech in which objects and animals are given human characteristics	129
6737916571	point of view	the relation in which a narrator or speaker stands to a subject of discourse	130
6737921640	predicate	the part of a sentence that is not the grammatical subject. It often says something about the subject. A noun that provides another name for the subject is called a _____________ nominative. An adjective that describes the subject is called a _____________ adjective.	131
6737946346	pseudonym	a false name or alias used by writers	132
6737948701	pun	a humorous play on words, using similar-sounding or identical words to suggest different meanings	133
6737956680	qualifier	a restriction placed on the claim to state that it may not always be true as stated	134
6737966634	rebuttal/refutation	the part of discourse wherein opposing arguments are anticipating and answered	135
6737969196	reiteration	repetition of an idea using different words, phrases, or ideas for rhetorical effects, usually to emphasize a point	136
6737979442	rhetoric	the language of a work and its style; words, often highly emotional, used to convince or sway an audience	137
6737993946	rhetorical mode	A general term that identifies discourse according to its chief purpose. Modes include exposition (to explain, analyze, or discuss an idea), argumentation (to prove a point or to persuade), description (to recreate or present with details), and narration (to relate an anecdote or story)	138
6738011353	rhetorical question	a question to which the audience already knows the answer; a question asked merely for effect with no answer expected	139
6738057391	slippery slope	predicting without justification that one step in a process will lead unavoidably to a second, generally undesirable step	140
6738062086	slogan	an attention-getting expression used to largely in politics or advertising to promote support of a cause or product	141
6738071340	straw man	disputing views similar to, but not the same as, that of the arguer's opponent	142
6738074236	style	choices in words and sentence structure that make a writer's language distinctive	143
6738078265	support	any material that serves to prove an issue or claim	144
6738083163	syllogism	a formula of deductive argument consisting of three propositions: a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion	145
6738094975	sarcasm	a sharp, caustic attitude conveyed in words through jibes, taunts, or other remarks; it differs from irony, which is more subtle	146
6738101678	satire	a literary style used to poke fun at, attack, or ridicule an idea, vice, or foible, often for the purpose of inducing change	147
6738111207	sentimental	a term that describes characters' excessive emotional response to experience	148
6738115130	simile	a figurative comparison using words "like" or "as"	149
6738118643	stream of consciousness	a style of writing in which the author tries to reproduce the random flow of thoughts in the human mind	150
6738130759	stylistic devices	a general term referring to diction, syntax, tone, figurative language, and all other elements that contribute to the "style" or manner of a given piece of discourse.	151
6738139828	synecdoche	a figure of speech in which a part signifies the whole ("fifty masts" for fifty ships) or the whole signifies the part ("days" for life)	152
6738151320	syntax	the organization of language into meaningful structure	153
6738156256	theme	the main idea or meaning, often an abstract idea upon which an essay or other form of discourse is built	154
6738161521	thesis	the main idea of a piece of discourse the statement or proposition that a speaker or writer wishes to advance, illustrate, prove, or defend	155
6738169618	tone	the author's attitude toward the subject being written about (the pervading emotion)	156
6738176689	transition	the link between ideas	157
6738179722	verbal irony	a discrepancy between the true meaning of a situation and the literal meaning of the written or spoken words	158
6738183316	verisimilitude	the quality of realism in a work that persuades readers that they are getting a vision of life as it is or could have been	159

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AP Literature terms Flashcards

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7142793402	ALLITERATION	repetition of the same or similar consonant sounds in words that are close together. EXAMPLE: "When the two youths turned with the flag they saw that much of the regiment had crumbled away, and the dejected remnant was coming slowly back." -Stephen Crane (Note how regiment and remnant are being used; the regiment is gone, a remnant remains...)	0
7142793403	ALLUSION	reference to someone or something that is known from history, literature, religion, politics, sports, science, or another branch of culture. An indirect reference to something (usually from literature, etc.).	1
7142793404	AMBIGUITY	deliberately suggesting two or more different, and sometimes conflicting, meanings in a work. An event or situation that may be interpreted in more than one way- - this is done on purpose by the author, when it is not done on purpose, it is vagueness, and detracts from the work.	2
7142793405	ANALOGY	Comparison made between two things to show how they are alike	3
7142793406	ANAPHORA	Repetition of a word, phrase, or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences in a row. This is a deliberate form of repetition and helps make the writer's point more coherent.	4
7142793407	ANASTROPHE	Inversion of the usual, normal, or logical order of the parts of a sentence. Purpose is rhythm or emphasis or euphony. It is a fancy word for inversion.	5
7142793408	ANECDOTE	Brief story, told to illustrate a point or serve as an example of something, often shows character of an individual	6
7142793409	ANTAGONIST	Opponent who struggles against or blocks the hero, or protagonist, in a story.	7
7142793410	ANTIMETABOLE	Balancing words, phrases, or ideas that are strongly contrasted, often by means of grammatical structure.	8
7142793411	ANTIHERO	Central character who lacks all the qualities traditionally associated with heroes. may lack courage, grace, intelligence, or moral scruples.	9
7142793412	ANTHROPOMORPHISM	Attributing human characteristics to an animal or inanimate object (Personification)	10
7142793413	APHORISM	Brief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life, or of a principle or accepted general truth. Also called maxim, epigram.	11
7142793414	APOSTROPHE	Calling out to an imaginary, dead, or absent person, or to a place or thing, or a personified abstract idea. If the character is asking a god or goddess for inspiration it is called an invocation. Josiah Holland ---"Loacöon! Thou great embodiment/ Of human life and human history!"	12
7142793415	APPOSITION	Placing in immediately succeeding order of two or more coordinate elements, the latter of which is an explanation, qualification, or modification of the first (often set off by a colon). Paine: "These are the times that try men's souls: The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will in this crisis, shrink from the service of his country; but he that stands it Now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman."	13
7142793416	ASSONANCE	The repetition of similar vowel sounds followed by different consonant sounds especially in words that are together.	14
7142793417	ASYNDETON	Commas used without conjunction to separate a series of words, thus emphasizing the parts equally: instead of X, Y, and Z... the writer uses X,Y,Z.... see polysyndeton.	15
7142793418	BALANCE	Constructing a sentence so that both halves are about the same length and importance. Sentences can be unbalanced to serve a special effect as well.	16
7142793419	CHARACTERIZATION	The process by which the writer reveals the personality of a character.	17
7142793420	INDIRECT CHARACTERIZATION	The author reveals to the reader what the character is like by describing how the character looks and dresses, by letting the reader hear what the character says, by revealing the character's private thoughts and feelings, by revealing the characters effect on other people (showing how other characters feel or behave toward the character), or by showing the character in action. Common in modern literature	18
7142793421	DIRECT CHARACTERIZATION	The author tells us directly what the character is like: sneaky, generous, mean to pets and so on. Romantic style literature relied more heavily on this form.	19
7142793422	STATIC CHARACTER	Is one who does not change much in the course of a story.	20
7142793423	DYNAMIC CHARACTER	Is one who changes in some important way as a result of the story's action.	21
7142793424	FLAT CHARACTER	has only one or two personality traits. They are one dimensional, like a piece of cardboard. They can be summed up in one phrase.	22
7142793425	ROUND CHARACTER	has more dimensions to their personalities---they are complex, just a real people are.	23
7142793426	CHIASMUS	In poetry, a type of rhetorical balance in which the second part is syntactically balanced against the first, but with the parts reversed. Coleridge: "Flowers are lovely, love is flowerlike." In prose this is called antimetabole.	24
7142793427	CLICHE	Is a word or phrase, often a figure of speech, that has become lifeless because of overuse. Avoid clichés like the plague. (That cliché is intended.)	25
7142793428	COLLOQUIALISM	A word or phrase in everyday use in conversation and informal writing but is inappropriate for formal situations. Example: "He's out of his head if he thinks I'm gonna go for such a stupid idea.	26
7142793429	COMEDY	In general, a story that ends with a happy resolution of the conflicts faced by the main character or characters.	27
7142793430	CONCEIT	An elaborate metaphor that compares two things that are startlingly different. Often an extended metaphor.	28
7142793431	CONFESSIONAL POETRY	A twentieth century term used to describe poetry that uses intimate material from the poet's life.	29
7142793432	CONFLICT	The struggle between opposing forces or characters in a story.	30
7142793433	EXTERNAL CONFLICT	Conflicts can exist between two people, between a person and nature or a machine or between a person a whole society.	31
7142793434	INTERNAL CONFLICT	A conflict can be internal, involving opposing forces within a person's mind.	32
7142793435	CONNOTATION	The associations and emotional overtones that have become attached to a word or phrase, in addition to its strict dictionary definition.	33
7142793436	COUPLET	Two consecutive rhyming lines of poetry.	34
7142793437	DIALECT	A way of speaking that is characteristic of a certain social group or of the inhabitants of a certain geographical area.	35
7142793438	DICTION	A speaker or writer's choice of words.	36
7142793439	DIDACTIC	Form of fiction or nonfiction that teaches a specific lesson or moral or provides a model of correct behavior or thinking.	37
7142793440	ELEGY	A poem of mourning, usually about someone who has died. A Eulogy is great praise or commendation, a laudatory speech, often about someone who has died.	38
7142793441	EPANALEPSIS	Device of repetition in which the same expression (single word or phrase) is repeated both at the beginning and at the end of the line, clause, or sentence. Voltaire: "Common sense is not so common."	39
7142793442	EPANALEPSIS	device of repetition in which the same expression (single word or phrase) is repeated both at the beginning and at the end of the line, clause, or sentence. Voltaire: "Common sense is not so common."	40
7142793443	EPIC	A long narrative poem, written in heightened language , which recounts the deeds of a heroic character who embodies the values of a particular society.	41
7142793444	EPIGRAPH	A quotation or aphorism at the beginning of a literary work suggestive of the theme.	42
7142793445	EPISTROPHE	Device of repetition in which the same expression (single word or phrase) is repeated at the end of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences (it is the opposite of anaphora).	43
7142793446	EPITHET	An adjective or adjective phrase applied to a person or thing that is frequently used to emphasize a characteristic quality. "Father of our country" and "the great Emancipator" are examples. A Homeric epithet is a compound adjective used with a person or thing: "swift-footed Achilles"; "rosy-fingered dawn."	44
7142793447	ESSAY	A short piece of nonfiction prose in which the writer discusses some aspect of a subject.	45
7142793448	ESSAY: ARGUMENTATION	One of the four forms of discourse which uses logic, ethics, and emotional appeals (logos, ethos, pathos) to develop an effective means to convince the reader to think or act in a certain way.	46
7142793449	ESSAY: PERSUASION	Relies more on emotional appeals than on facts	47
7142793450	ESSAY: ARGUMENT	Form of persuasion that appeals to reason instead of emotion to convince an audience to think or act in a certain way.	48
7142793451	ESSAY: CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP	Form of argumentation in which the writer claims that one thing results from another, often used as part of a logical argument.	49
7142793452	ESSAY: DESCRIPTION	A form of discourse that uses language to create a mood or emotion.	50
7142793453	ESSAY: EXPOSITION	One of the four major forms of discourse, in which something is explained or "set forth."	51
7142793454	ESSAY: NARRATIVE	The form of discourse that tells about a series of events.	52
7142793455	EXPLICATION	Act of interpreting or discovering the meaning of a text, usually involves close reading and special attention to figurative language.	53
7142793456	FABLE	A very short story told in prose or poetry that teaches a practical lesson about how to succeed in life.	54
7142793457	FARCE	A type of comedy in which ridiculous and often stereotyped characters are involved in silly, far-fetched situations.	55
7142793458	FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE	Words which are inaccurate if interpreted literally, but are used to describe. Similes and metaphors are common forms.	56
7142793459	FLASHBACK	A scene that interrupts the normal chronological sequence of events in a story to depict something that happened at an earlier time.	57
7142793460	FOIL	A character who acts as contrast to another character. Often a funny side kick to the dashing hero, or a villain contrasting the hero.	58
7142793461	FORESHADOWING	The use of hints and clues to suggest what will happen later in a plot.	59
7142793462	FREE VERSE	Poetry that does not conform to a regular meter or rhyme scheme.	60
7142793463	HYPERBOLE	A figure of speech that uses an incredible exaggeration or overstatement, for effect. "If I told you once, I've told you a million times...."	61
7142793464	HYPOTACTIC	Sentence marked by the use of connecting words between clauses or sentences, explicitly showing the logical or other relationships between them. (Use of such syntactic subordination of just one clause to another is known as hypotaxis). I am tired because it is hot.	62
7142793465	IMAGERY	The use of language to evoke a picture or a concrete sensation of a person , a thing, a place, or an experience.	63
7142793466	INVERSION	The reversal of the normal word order in a sentence or phrase.	64
7142793467	IRONY	A discrepancy between appearances and reality.	65
7142793468	VERBAL IRONY	Occurs when someone says one thing but really means something else.	66
7142793469	SITUATIONAL IRONY	Takes place when there is a discrepancy between what is expected to happen, or what would be appropriate to happen, and what really does happen.	67
7142793470	DRAMATIC IRONY	Is so called because it is often used on stage. A character in the play or story thinks one thing is true, but the audience or reader knows better.	68
7142793471	JUXTAPOSITION	Poetic and rhetorical device in which normally unassociated ideas, words, or phrases are placed next to one another, creating an effect of surprise and wit. Ezra Pound: "The apparition of these faces in the crowd;/ Petals on a wet, black bough." Juxtaposition is also a form of contrast by which writers call attention to dissimilar ideas or images or metaphors. Martin Luther King: "Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere."	69
7142793472	LITOTES	Is a form of understatement in which the positive form is emphasized through the negation of a negative form: Hawthorne--- "...the wearers of petticoat and farthingale...stepping forth into the public ways, and wedging their not unsubstantial persons, if occasion were, into the throng..."	70
7142793473	LOCAL COLOR	A term applied to fiction or poetry which tends to place special emphasis on a particular setting, including its customs, clothing, dialect and landscape.	71
7142793474	LOOSE SENTENCE	One in which the main clause comes first, followed by further dependent grammatical units. See periodic sentence. Hawthorne: "Hester gazed after him a little while, looking with a half-fantastic curiosity to see whether the tender grass of early spring would not be blighted beneath him, and show the wavering track of this footsteps, sere and brown, across its cheerful verdure."	72
7142793475	LYRIC POEM	A poem that does not tell a story but expresses the personal feelings or thoughts of the speaker. A ballad tells a story.	73
7142793476	METAPHOR	a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things without the use of such specific words of comparison as like, as, than, or resembles.	74
7142793477	IMPLIED METAPHOR	does not state explicitly the two terms of the comparison: "I like to see it lap the miles" is an implied metaphor in which the verb lap implies a comparison between "it" and some animal that "laps" up water.	75
7142793478	EXTENDED METAPHOR	is a metaphor that is extended or developed as far as the writer wants to take it. (conceit if it is quite elaborate).	76
7142793479	DEAD METAPHOR	is a metaphor that has been used so often that the comparison is no longer vivid: "The head of the house", "the seat of the government", "a knotty problem" are all dead metaphors.	77
7142793480	MIXED METAPHOR	is a metaphor that has gotten out of control and mixes its terms so that they are visually or imaginatively incompatible. "The President is a lame duck who is running out of gas."	78
7142793481	METONYMY	a figure of speech in which a person, place, or thing, is referred to by something closely associated with it. "We requested from the crown support for our petition." The crown is used to represent the monarch.	79
7142793482	MOOD	An atmosphere created by a writer's diction and the details selected.	80
7142793483	MOTIF	a recurring image, word, phrase, action, idea, object, or situation used throughout a work (or in several works by one author), unifying the work by tying the current situation to previous ones, or new ideas to the theme. Kurt Vonnegut uses "So it goes" throughout Slaughterhouse-Five to remind the reader of the senselessness of death.	81
7142793484	MOTIVATION	the reasons for a character's behavior.	82
7142793485	ONOMATOPOEIA	the use of words whose sounds echo their sense. "Pop." "Zap."	83
7142793486	OXYMORON	a figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase. "Jumbo shrimp." "Pretty ugly." "Bitter-sweet"	84
7142793487	PARABLE	a relatively short story that teaches a moral, or lesson about how to lead a good life.	85
7142793488	PARADOX	a statement that appears self-contradictory, but that reveals a kind of truth.	86
7142793489	KOAN	is a paradox used in Zen Buddhism to gain intuitive knowledge: "What is the sound of one hand clapping?"	87
7142793490	PARALLEL STRUCTURE	(parallelism) the repetition of words or phrases that have similar grammatical structures.	88
7142793491	PARATACTIC SENTENCE	simply juxtaposes clauses or sentences. I am tired: it is hot.	89
7142793492	PARODY	a work that makes fun of another work by imitating some aspect of the writer's style.	90
7142793493	PERIODIC	sentence that places the main idea or central complete thought at the end of the sentence, after all introductory elements.	91
7142793494	PERSONIFICATION	a figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes.	92
7142793495	PLOT	the series of related events in a story or play, sometimes called the storyline.	93
7142793496	EXPOSITION	introduces characters, situation, and setting	94
7142793497	RISING ACTION	complications in conflict and situations (may introduce new ones as well)	95
7142793498	CLIMAX	that point in a plot that creates the greatest intensity, suspense, or interest. Also called "turning point"	96
7142793499	RESOLUTION	the conclusion of a story, when all or most of the conflicts have been settled; often called the denouement.	97
7142793500	POINT OF VIEW	the vantage point from which the writer tells the story.	98
7142793501	FIRST PERSON POINT OF VIEW	one of the characters tells the story.	99
7142793502	THIRD PERSON POINT OF VIEW	an unknown narrator, tells the story, but this narrator zooms in to focus on the thoughts and feelings of only one character.	100
7142793503	OMNISCIENT POINT OF VIEW	an omniscient or all knowing narrator tells the story, also using the third person pronouns. This narrator, instead of focusing on one character only, often tells us everything about many characters.	101
7142793504	OBJECTIVE POINT OF VIEW	a narrator who is totally impersonal and objective tells the story, with no comment on any characters or events.	102
7142793505	POLYSYNDETON	sentence which uses a conjunction with NO commas to separate the items in a series. Instead of X, Y, and Z... Polysyndeton results in X and Y and Z... Kurt Vonnegut uses this device.	103
7142793506	PROTAGONIST	the central character in a story, the one who initiates or drives the action. Usually the hero or anti-hero; in a tragic hero, like John Proctor of The Crucible, there is always a hamartia, or tragic flaw in his character which will lead to his downfall.	104
7142793507	PUN	a "play on words" based on the multiple meanings of a single word or on words that sound alike but mean different things.	105
7142793508	QUATRAIN	a poem consisting of four lines, or four lines of a poem that can be considered as a unit. REFRAIN a word, phrase, line, or group of li	106
7142793509	REFRAIN	a word, phrase, line, or group of lines that is repeated, for effect, several times in a poem.	107
7142793510	RHYTHM	a rise and fall of the voice produced by the alternation of stressed and unstressed syllables in language.	108
7142793511	RHETORIC	Art of effective communication, especially persuasive discourse.	109
7142793512	RHETORICAL QUESTION	a question asked for an effect, and not actually requiring an answer.	110
7142793513	ROMANCE	in general, a story in which an idealized hero or heroine undertakes a quest and is successful.	111
7142793514	SATIRE	a type of writing that ridicules the shortcomings of people or institutions in an attempt to bring about a change.	112
7142793515	SIMILE	a figure of speech that makes an explicitly comparison between two unlike things, using words such as like, as , than, or resembles.	113
7142793516	SOLILOQUY	a long speech made by a character in a play while no other characters are on stage.	114
7142793517	STEREOTYPE	a fixed idea or conception of a character or an idea which does not allow for any individuality, often based on religious, social, or racial prejudices.	115
7142793518	STREAM OF CONSCIOUSNESS	a style of writing that portrays the inner (often chaotic) workings of a character's mind.	116
7142793519	STYLE	the distinctive way in which a writer uses language: a writer's distinctive use of diction, tone, and syntax.	117
7142793520	SUSPENSE	a feeling of uncertainty and curiosity about what will happen next in a story.	118
7142793521	SYMBOL	a person, place, thing, or event that has meaning in itself and that also stands for something more than itself.	119
7142793522	SYNECDOCHE	a figure of speech in which a part represents the whole. "If you don't drive properly, you will lose your wheels." The wheels represent the entire car.	120
7142793523	SYNTACTIC FLUENCY	Ability to create a variety of sentence structures, appropriately complex and/or simple and varied in length.	121
7142793524	SYNTACTIC PERMUTATION	Sentence structures that are extraordinarily complex and involved. Often difficult for a reader to follow.	122
7142793525	TALL TALE	an outrageously exaggerated, humorous story that is obviously unbelievable.	123
7142793526	TELEGRAPHIC SENTENCE	A sentence shorter than five words in length.	124
7142793527	THEME	the insight about human life that is revealed in a literary work.	125
7142793528	TONE	the attitude a writer takes toward the subject of a work, the characters in it, or the audience, revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization.	126
7142793529	TRAGEDY	in general, a story in which a heroic character either dies or comes to some other unhappy end.	127
7142793530	TRICOLON	Sentence of three parts of equal importance and length, usually three independent clauses.	128
7142793531	UNDERSTATEMENT	a statement that says less than what is meant. Example: During the second war with Iraq, American troops complained of a fierce sand storm that made even the night-vision equipment useless. A British commando commented about the storm: "It's a bit breezy."	129
7142793532	UNITY	Unified parts of the writing are related to one central idea or organizing principle. Unity is dependent upon coherence.	130
7142793533	VERNACULAR	the language spoken by the people who live in a particular locality.	131
7142793534	IMPRESSIONISM	a nineteenth-century movement in literature and art which advocated a recording of the artist's personal impressions of the world, rather than a strict representation of reality.	132
7142793535	MODERNISM	a term for the bold new experimental styles and forms that swept the arts during the first third of the twentieth century.	133
7142793536	NATURALISM	a nineteenth century literary movement that was an extension of realism and that claimed to portray life exactly as it was.	134
7142793537	PLAIN STYLE	Writing style that stresses simplicity and clarity of expression (but will still utilize allusions and metaphors), and was the main form of the Puritan writers.	135
7142793538	PURITANISM	Writing style of America's early English-speaking colonists. emphasizes obedience to God and consists mainly of journals, sermons, and poems.	136
7142793539	RATIONALISM	a movement that began in Europe in the seventeenth century, which held that we can arrive at truth by using our reason rather than relying on the authority of the past, on the authority of the Church, or an institution. ALSO CALLED NEOCLASSICISM AND AGE OF REASON	137
7142793540	REALISM	a style of writing, developed in the nineteenth century, that attempts to depict life accurately without idealizing or romanticizing it.	138
7142793541	REGIONALISM	literature that emphasizes a specific geographic setting and that reproduces the speech, behavior, and attitudes of the people who live in that region.	139
7142793542	ROMANTICISM	a revolt against Rationalism that affected literature and the other arts, beginning in the late eighteenth century and remaining strong throughout most of the nineteenth century.	140
7142793543	SURREALISM	in movement in art and literature that started in Europe during the 1920s. Surrealists wanted to replace conventional realism with the full expression of the unconscious mind, which they considered to be more real than the "real" world of appearances.	141
7142793544	SYMBOLISM	a literary movement that originated in late nineteenth century France, in which writers rearranged the world of appearances in order to reveal a more truthful version of reality.	142
7142793545	TRANSCENDENTALISM	a nineteenth century movement in the Romantic tradition , which held that every individual can reach ultimate truths through spiritual intuition, which transcends reasons and sensory experience.	143
7142793546	TIME LINE:	Puritanism 1620 - 1770s Neoclassic 1770s - early 1800s Romanticism early 1800s - 1870s Realism 1850s -early 1900s Regionalism 1884 - early 1900s Naturalism - late 1800s - mid 1900s Modernism - 1920s - [1945] [Post-Modernism - 1945 -Present ]	144

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AP Literature S2GP2 Vocab #6 Flashcards

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4433523316	Furtive (adjective)	taken, done, used surreptitiously or by stealth; secret	0
4433523317	Bereft (adjective)	deprived	1
4433523318	Temperance (noun)	moderation or self-restraint in action, statement, etc.; self-control	2
4433523319	Languor (noun)	lack of energy or vitality; sluggishness	3
4433523320	Ebullient (adjective)	overflowing with fervor, enthusiasm, or excitement	4
4433523321	Febrile (adjective)	pertaining to or marked by fever; feverish	5
4433523322	Rhetorical (adjective)	used for, belonging to, or concerned with mere style or effect	6
4433523323	Fatuous (adjective)	foolish or inane, especially in an unconscious, complacent manner	7
4433523324	Pathos (noun)	the quality or power in an actual life experience or in literature, music, speech, or other forms of expression, of evoking a feeling of pity or compassion	8
4433523325	Dissimulation (noun)	the act of dissimulating; feigning; hypocrisy	9

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AP Language: Tone Words Flashcards

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8384465136	accusatory	charging of wrong doing	0
8384465137	acerbic	bitter, sharp in taste or temper	1
8384465138	admiring	regarding with approval or respect	2
8384465139	aggressive	assertive, vigorously active, quick to attack; hostile	3
8384465140	ambivalent	Uncertain; unable to decide, or wanting to do two contradictory things at once	4
8384465141	amused	pleasurably entertained	5
8384465142	animated	lively; spirited	6
8384465143	apathetic	Feeling or showing little emotion; indifferent	7
8384465144	apologetic	sorry; showing regret	8
8384465145	appreciative	expressing or feeling thankfulness	9
8384465146	ardent	Enthusiastic or passionate	10
8384465147	arrogant	haughty, too convinced of one's own importance	11
8384465148	assertive	Acting with confidence and force; sure of one's self	12
8384465149	belligerent	Hostile and aggressive	13
8384465150	benevolent	Kind	14
8384465151	bitter	exhibiting strong animosity as a result of pain or grief	15
8384465152	callous	Emotionally hardened, unfeeling	16
8384465153	candid	Impartial and honest in speech	17
8384465154	celebratory	congratulatory, honoring	18
8384465155	compassionate	Feeling or showing sympathy and concern for others.	19
8384465156	concerned	feeling or showing worry or solicitude	20
8384465157	conciliatory	Appeasing; soothing; showing willingness to reconcile	21
8384465158	condescending	possessing an attitude of superiority, patronizing	22
8384465159	contemptuous	Feeling hatred; scornful	23
8384465160	curious	inquisitive	24
8384465161	cynical	believing that people act only out of selfish motives; bitterly pessimistic	25
8384465162	defensive	Protecting oneself from something.	26
8384465163	defiant	Boldly resistant or challenging	27
8384465164	demeaning	causing someone to lose their dignity and the respect of others; degrading	28
8384465165	derisive	expressing contempt or ridicule; mocking	29
8384465166	detached	Impartial, disinterested; unconcerned, distant, aloof	30
8384465167	dignified	worthy of respect	31
8384465168	disheartening	discouraging	32
8384465169	disparaging	disapproving; belittle	33
8384465170	docile	Easy to teach or manage; obedient	34
8384465171	dogmatic	dictatorial in one's opinions; stubborn	35
8384465172	earnest	Serious and sincere	36
8384465173	egotistical	excessively self-centered; conceited	37
8384465174	empathetic	identification with and understanding of another's situation, feelings, and motives	38
8384465175	enthusiastic	zealous	39
8384465176	evasive	not frank; trying to hide the truth; eluding; evading; V. evade: avoid (a duty or responsibility) or escape from by deceit	40
8384465177	facetious	humorous, not meant seriously; sarcastic	41
8384465178	flippant	Lacking in seriousness; disrespectful, saucy	42
8384465179	forceful	Vehement; compelling	43
8384465180	formal	following rules or customs, often in an exact and proper way	44
8384465181	frank	honest	45
8384465182	grim	a facial expression of fear, disapproval, or pain	46
8384465183	humble	modest	47
8384465184	humorous	facetious; funny	48
8384465185	impartial	unbiased, fair	49
8384465186	inane	Foolish	50
8384465187	incensed	angered at something unjust or wrong	51
8384465188	incredulous	Disbelieving, skeptical	52
8384465189	indignant	Feeling or showing anger or annoyance at what is perceived as unfair treatment	53
8384465190	intimate	marked by close acquaintance	54
8384465191	ironic	satiric; unexpected	55
8384465192	irreverent	disrespectful	56
8384465193	jaded	Worn out; wearied	57
8384465194	judgmental	critical; disapproving	58
8384465195	laudatory	expressing praise	59
8384465196	macabre	horrible; grim	60
8384465197	malicious	Intended to hurt or harm	61
8384465198	mocking	in an insincere or pretending manner	62
8384465199	mourning	the act of showing sorrow or grief	63
8384465200	naive	lacking sophistication or experience	64
8384465201	narcissistic	Conceited; having excessive self-love or admiration	65
8384465202	nostalgic	longing for the past	66
8384465203	objective	Factual, related to reality or physical objects; not influenced by emotions, unbiased	67
8384465204	obsequious	Overly submissive and eager to please	68
8384465205	optimistic	Hopeful, cheerful	69
8384465206	outraged	angered at something unjust or wrong	70
8384465207	outspoken	candid	71
8384465208	patronizing	Condescending, having a superior manner, treating as an inferior	72
8384465209	pensive	Thoughtful	73
8384465210	pessimistic	a tendency to stress the negative or unfavorable.	74
8384465211	philosophical	calm and wise; reasonable Interested in the study of basic truths of existence and reality	75
8384465212	pragmatic	Practical	76
8384465213	pretentious	done for show, striving to make a big impression; claiming merit or position unjustifiably; making demands on one's skill or abilities, ambitious	77
8384465214	resentful	angry due to a feeling of being treated unfairly	78
8384465215	resigned	accepting one's fate; unresisting; patiently submissive	79
8384465216	reverent	deeply respectful	80
8384465217	righteous	morally justified	81
8384465218	satirical	criticizing through ridicule	82
8384465219	sarcastic	caustic; ironic	83
8384465220	scathing	bitterly severe, withering; causing great harm	84
8384465221	scornful	contemptuous; disdainful	85
8384465222	sentimental	A term that describes characters' excessive emotional response to experience.	86
8384465223	sincere	earnest	87
8384465224	skeptical	Doubtful	88
8384465225	solemn	serious	89
8384465226	subjective	Existing in the mind or relating to one's own thoughts, opinions, emotions, etc.; personal, individual, based on feelings	90
8384465227	submissive	docile; meek	91
8384465228	sulking	sad, pouting, usually silent	92
8384465229	sympathetic	Compassionate	93
8384465230	thoughtful	pensive; reflective	94
8384465231	tolerent	open-minded, accepting of others	95
8384465232	unassuming	modest	96
8384465233	urgent	compelling immediate action; pressing; persistent; importunate; Ex. urgent in his demands	97
8384465234	vindictive	Revengeful	98
8384465235	witty	Clever or amusing	99

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AP Literature Terms 2 Flashcards

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6667817714	anaphora	the regular repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of two or more successive phrases or clauses.	0
6667817715	chiasmus	a reversal in the word order of words in two otherwise parallel sentences	1
6667817716	apostrophe	the direct address to an absent or dead person, or to an object, quality, or idea.	2
6667817717	hyperbole	a rhetorical figure in which emphasis is achieved through exaggeration	3
6667817718	metaphor	figurative language that describes something as though it actually were something else	4
6667817719	synecdoche	a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole (ex. all hands on deck)	5
6667817720	onomatopoeia	the use of words that sound like a noise	6
6667817721	paradox	a statement or expression so surprisingly self-contradictory but ends up being true on some level	7
6667817722	parallelism	the use of similar grammatical structures or word order.	8
6667817723	personification	the use of human characteristics to describe animals, things, or ideas.	9
6667817724	point of view	the perspective that a narrator takes toward the events it describes	10
6667817725	protagonist	the central character in a story	11
6667817726	pun	a witty word-play which reveals that words with different meanings have similar or even identical sounds	12
6667817727	satire	writing that ridicules or holds up to contempt the faults of individuals or groups	13
6667817728	polysyndeton	the repetition of conjunctions in a sentence	14
6667817729	asyndeton	the omission of conjunctions in a sentence	15
6667817730	archetype	a symbol found in many cultures	16
6667817731	dramatic irony	a situation where the audience knows something that the characters on stage are not aware of	17
6667817732	allusion	a reference to a piece of literature, character, historical figure that the author assumes the reader will recognize	18
6667817733	dramatic climax	the turning point in a Shakespearean tragedy where the action turns against the protagonist	19
6667817734	diction	the word choices made by a writer	20
6667817735	didactic	having the primary purpose of teaching or instructing	21
6667817736	flat (static) character	a character who embodies a single quality and who does not develop in the course of a story	22
6667817737	dynamic (round) character	a character who undergoes a change or transformation in the course of a story	23
6667817738	exposition	the beginning portion of Freytag's pyramid where the background information, characters and setting are introduced	24
6667817739	rising action	Events leading up to the climax	25
6667817740	denouement (catastrophe)	The final outcome of the main dramatic complication in a literary work or the outcome of a complicated sequence of events	26
6667817741	omniscient narrator	a narrator who is able to know, see, and tell all, including the inner thoughts and feelings of the characters	27
6667817742	theme	Central idea of a work of literature	28
6667817743	tone	A writer's attitude toward his or her subject matter revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization on the sentence and global levels.	29
6667817744	deus ex machina	an unexpected power or event saving a seemingly hopeless situation, especially as a contrived plot device in a play or novel	30

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Flashcards

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AP Language Vocab 12 Flashcards

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6077241005	inimical	not friendly	0
6077245901	injunction	a judicial remedy to prohibit a party from doing something	1
6077248867	inoculate	impregnate with the germ of a disease to render immune	2
6077252784	insidious	working or spreading in a hidden and usually injurious way	3
6077256793	instigate	provoke or stir up	4
6077259790	insurgent	in opposition to a civil authority or government	5
6077262453	interlocutor	a person who takes part in a conversation	6
6077265312	intimation	a slight suggestion or vague understanding	7
6077269471	inure	cause to accept or become hardened to	8
6077271786	invective	abusive language used to express blame or censure	9
6077274725	intransigent	impervious to pleas, persuasion, requests, reason	10
6077279647	inveterate	habitual	11
6077283163	irreverence	a mental attitude showing lack of due respect	12
6077287789	knell	the sound of a bell rung slowly to announce a death	13
6077289804	laconic	brief and to the point	14

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Vocab Words AP Language Flashcards

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6131022064	Aberration	A deviation or departure from what is normal, usual, or expected typically an unwelcome one	0
6131033448	Pique	To cause someone to have a greater interest or curiosity in something.	1
6131046127	Precocious	having developed certain abilities or proclivities at an earlier age than usual.	2
6131051122	Incipient	beginning to exist or appear; in an initial stage.	3
6131063416	Indefatigable	incapable of being tired out; not yielding to fatigue; untiring.	4
6131069592	Veracity	Habitual observance of truth in speech or statement; truthfulness	5
6131074338	Viable	capable of becoming actual, useful, etc; practicable	6
6131100206	Vouchsafe	To grant or give, as by favor or graciousness	7
6131106366	Arable	(of land) used or suitable for growing crops.	8
6131114430	Apocryphal	(of a story or statement) of doubtful authenticity, although widely circulated as being true.	9
6131122804	Credulous	Having or showing too great a readiness to believe things	10
6131132734	Diatribe	A forceful and bitter verbal attack against, someone or something	11
6131141316	Commensurate	corresponding in amount, magnitude, or degree	12
6131150645	Celerity	swiftness; speed	13
6131158536	Ostentatious	characterized by or given to pretentious or conspicuous show in an attempt to impress others.	14
6131178384	Parochial	having a limited or narrow outlook or scope.	15
6131196669	Pedantic	Overconcerned with minute details or formalisms, especially in teaching	16
6131209066	Conjugal	of or relating to the married state or to married persons and their relations	17
6131216154	Conundrum	A confusing and difficult problem or question	18
6131220510	Innocuous	Not harmful or injurious; harmless	19
6131226958	Inscrutable	not easily understood; mysterious; unfathomable	20
6131231550	Enigmatic	Full of mystery and difficult to understand	21
6131247674	Ennui	A feeling of utter weariness and discontent resulting from satiety or lack of interest; boredom	22
6131251958	Fetid	Having an offensive odor; stinking.	23
6131259592	Garner	to gather; to acquire by effort, earn	24
6131268739	Felicity	The quality or state of being happy.	25
6131275949	Fecund	Fruitful in offspring or vegetation / very productive or creative intellectually	26
6131289364	Prosaic	commonplace or dull; matter-of-fact or unimaginative	27
6131295017	Pugnacity	a natural disposition to be hostile	28
6131300137	Recant	to publicly say that you no longer have an opinion or belief that you once had	29
6131305771	Discursive	digressing from subject to subject / Proceeding by argument or reasoning rather than by intuition	30
6131322492	Disparage	regard or represent as being of little worth	31
6131327296	Epicure	a person who takes particular pleasure in fine food and drink.	32
6131332614	Esoteric	intended for or likely to be understood by only a small number of people with a specialized knowledge or interest.	33
6131338828	Lithe	(especially of a person's body) thin, supple, and graceful	34
6131345697	Lurid	very vivid in color, especially so as to create an unpleasantly harsh or unnatural effect.	35
6131395296	Mire	a tract or area of wet, swampy ground; bog; marsh.	36
6131400985	Proclivity	an inclination or predisposition toward something, often negative.	37
6131405411	Prolific	(of a plant, animal, or person) producing much fruit or foliage or many offspring.	38
6131417321	Heretic	a professed believer who maintains religious opinions contrary to those accepted by his or her church or rejects doctrines prescribed by that church.	39
6131427891	Emanate	to flow out, issue, or proceed, as from a source or origin	40
6131434855	Emulate	to try to equal or excel; imitate with effort to equal or surpass	41
6131440739	Impervious	not permitting penetration or passage; impenetrable.	42
6131444530	Trepidation	a feeling of fear or agitation about something that may happen.	43
6131450826	Turgid	Swollen and distended or congested	44
6131461576	Undulate	Move with a smooth wavelike motion.	45
6131468504	Ascetic	severe self-discipline and avoidance of all forms of indulgence, typically for religious reasons	46
6131474560	Aviary	a large cage, building, or enclosure for keeping birds in.	47
6131538604	Buttress	a projecting support of stone or brick built against a wall.	48
6131541508	Ribald	referring to sexual matters in an amusingly rude or irreverent way.	49
6131554485	Stultify	cause to lose enthusiasm and initiative, especially as a result of a tedious or restrictive routine.	50
6131562083	Tantamount	equivalent in seriousness to; virtually the same as.	51
6132144697	Opaque	not able to be seen through; not transparent.	52
6132148473	Nefarious	(typically of an action or activity) wicked or criminal.	53
6132154031	Mundane	lacking interest or excitement; dull.	54

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AP Language Vocabulary Flashcards

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5179200648	throng	a crowd	0
5179201402	ponderous	heavy and slow moving	1
5179202863	indubitably	without a doubt	2
5179203696	venerable	worthy of respect	3
5179205550	iniquity	immoral or unfair behavior	4
5179206556	sagacity	soundness of judgment	5
5179207121	amenable	agreeable	6
5179209150	avenge	to seek revenge	7
5179210214	assimilate	to take in; to absorb	8
5179211138	talisman	an object with magical power	9
5179212556	caprice	a sudden change of mood or behavior	10
5179213288	enmity	hostility	11
5179213893	pallid	pale, typically because of poor health	12
5179214540	physiognomy	facial character	13
5179215291	behest	a person's order or command	14
5179216256	vehemence	the display of strong feeling	15
5179218487	delve	to search or study intensively	16
5179219445	diabolic	so evil as to recall the Devil	17
5179220684	solace	comfort or relief	18
5179221179	assented	thoughtfully agreed	19
5179222124	odious	evoking intense dislike	20
5179224108	attestation	testimony or evidence given under oath	21
5179224629	malevolence	Ill will or evil intentions	22
5179224630	scurrilous	coarsely abusive;vulgar	23
5179226120	semblance	outward appearance	24
5179226541	ethereal	delicate; intangible	25
5179227992	propinquity	nearness; proximity	26
5179228390	retribution	a repayment, a deserved punishment	27
5179229005	petulant	easily irritated or annoyed	28
5179229381	asperity	harshness of tone and manner	29
5179230824	loquacity	talkativeness	30
5179237218	prattle	meaningless, foolish talk	31
5179238349	misanthropy	hatred of mankind	32
5279696917	sentinel	a person that stands, watching	33
5279701516	trammelled	to catch or entangle	34
5279708006	choleric	easily angered	35
5279710234	mollified	soothed; calmed	36
5279715862	preternatural	beyond what is normal; abnormal	37
5279726683	introspection	the examination of one's own mental processes	38
5279730151	irrefragable	not able to be refuted	39
5279733838	plebeian	a commoner	40
5279736436	tempestuous	stormy, furious	41
5279741081	morbid	gruesome	42
5279746708	surmise	to assume without evidence	43
5279750227	wrought	beaten out; shaped	44
5279757334	apotheosis	the perfect example of something	45
5279760091	portent	a warning sign; omen	46
5279770373	escutcheon	a shield or emblem bearing a coat of arms	47

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AP LITERATURE: Vocabulary Flashcards

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7790778039	Diction	an author's choice of words	0
7790778040	Poetic Diction	the use of elevated language rather than the ordinary language	1
7790778041	Formal Diction	dignified, impersonal, and elevated use of language	2
7790778042	Informal Diction	choice of words in a conversational manner, using slang expression that are not used by culture at large.	3
7790778043	Dialect	A form of language that is normal for its native group of people but peculiar to other groups of people.	4
7790778044	Jargon	Special words or expressions that make sense to one group of people but can be hard to understand to other groups.	5
7790778045	Denotation	the dictionary definition	6
7790778046	Connotation	the associations that come with a word	7
7790778047	Persona	the mask of an actor	8
7790778048	Syntax	the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.	9
7790778049	Tone	the general character or attitude of a place, piece of writing, situation, etc.	10
7790778050	Dramatic Monologue	a poem where the speaker/character addresses the audience in a way to reveal something about their personality.	11
7790778051	Carpe Diem	"Seize the day" used to urge someone to make the most of the present time and give little thought to the future.	12
7790778052	Allusion	a reference to something.	13
7790778053	Perspective	point of view	14
7790778054	Ballad	narrative poems, tell a story, passed through generations.	15
7790778055	Literary Ballad	more complex and sophisticated version of a ballad	16
7790778056	Onomatopoeia	sound of the word suggest its meaning	17
7790778057	Alliteration	repetition of the same consonant sounds	18
7790778058	Assonance	repetition of vowel sounds	19
7790778059	Euphony	lines that are smooth, easy to say	20
7790778060	Cacophony	difficult to say or pronounce, not smooth	21
7790778061	End Rhyme	rhyme that comes in at the end of lines	22
7790778062	Internal Rhyme	rhymes in the same line	23
7790778063	Masculine Rhyme	Single syllable rhymes, or only one syllable rhymes	24
7790778064	Feminine Rhyme	More than one syllable rhymes	25
7790778065	Exact Rhyme	Rhymes that share the same stressed vowel sounds that follow the vowel	26
7790778066	Near Rhyme	The sounds are almost, but don't quite rhyme	27
7790778067	Consonance	identical consonant preceded by a different vowel	28
7790778068	Rhythm	a strong, regular, repeated pattern of movement or sound.	29
7790778069	Stress (accent)	Stress is the emphasis that falls on certain syllables and not others	30
7790778070	Meter	Unit of rhythm	31
7790778071	Prosody	the study of metre and its uses in lyric, epic, and dramatic verse.	32
7790778072	Scansion	the action of scanning a line of verse to determine its rhythm.	33
7790778073	Foot	A foot is a combination of stressed and unstressed syllables	34
7790778074	Rising Meter	one or two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed one)	35
7790778075	Falling Meter- trochees and dactyls (i.e., a stressed syllable followed by one or two unstressed syllables)-		36
7790778076	Iambic Pentameter	a line of verse with five metrical feet, each consisting of one short (or unstressed) syllable followed by one long (or stressed) syllable,	37
7790778077	Blank Verse	verse without rhyme, especially that which uses iambic pentameter.	38
7790778078	Caesura	a break between words within a metrical foot.	39
7790778079	Enjambment	the continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a line, couplet, or stanza.	40
7790778080	Form	can be understood as the physical structure of thepoem: the length of the lines, their rhythms, their system of rhymes and repetition.	41
7790778081	Fixed Form	Poems that have a set number of lines, rhymes, and/or metrical arrangements per line.	42
7790778082	Free Verse (open form)	poetry that does not rhyme or have a regular meter.	43
7790778083	Couplet	two lines of verse, usually in the same meter and joined by rhyme, that form a unit.	44
7790778084	Tercet	a set or group of three lines of verse rhyming together or connected by rhyme with an adjacent tercet.	45
7790778085	Quatrain	a stanza of four lines, especially one having alternate rhymes.	46
7790778086	Sonnet	A 14-line poem with a variable rhyme scheme originating in Italy and brought to England	47
7790778087	Italian Sonnet	ABBAABBA CDECDE	48
7790778088	English Sonnet	ABAB CDCD EFEF GG	49
7790778089	Limerick	A limerick is a form of poetry in five-line, predominantly anapestic meter with a strict rhyme scheme (AABBA), often humorous and sometimes obscene.	50
7790778090	Haiku	Haiku poems consist of 3 lines. The first and last lines of a Haiku have 5 syllables and the middle line has 7 syllables.	51
7790778091	Elegy	Poem where someone is dead	52
7790778092	Ode	a lyric poem in the form of an address to a particular subject, often elevated in style or manner and written in varied or irregular meter.	53
7790778093	Parody	Based off of a serious work to make it satirical or funny	54
7790778094	Picture Poem	A poem where the lines are in such a way to make a picture.	55

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