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AP Latin Figurative Language Flashcards

6834935154	Anaphora	the repetition of the same word	0
6834935155	Anastrophe	word not in the right place	1
6834935156	Asyndeton	omission of conjunctions	2
6834935157	Apostrophe	address to someone or something not present; vocative case	3
6834935158	Chiasmus	ABBA word order	4
6834935159	Enjambment	delay of the final word or phrase of a sentence to the beginning of the following line	5
6834935160	Hendiadys	large scale to smaller scale—Italy to Tiber, etc.	6
6834935161	Hyperbaton	words that naturally belong to one another are separated for emphasis or effect	7
6834935162	Hyperbole	exaggeration, emphatic overstatement	8
6834935163	Hysteron proteron	when an event is reversed—ex. "I put my shoes & socks on"	9
6834935164	Litotes	deliberate understatement	10
6834935165	Metaphor	a comparison in which one thing is said to be another	11
6834935166	Metonymy	one word closely related to another used to suggest the other word, ex. The Crown had absolute power in the Middle Ages	12
6834935167	Onomatopoeia	the use of words to imitate the sounds they describe	13
6834935168	Personification	giving human qualities to animals or objects	14
6834935169	Polysyndeton	use of several conjunctions in close succession, especially where some may be excessive—ex. "et"s and "que"s	15
6834935170	Simile	figure of speech involving a comparison between unlike things using like, as, or as though	16
6834935171	Synchesis	ABAB word order	17
6834935172	Syncope	the omission of sounds or letters from a word; noun is always genitive, and verb is perfect—v,s,u,x before the -ere	18
6834935173	Synecdoche	supposed to stand for something bigger	19
6834935174	Tmesis	Separation of one word into two parts (in Latin this is always the separation of a compound word)	20
6834935175	Transferred Epithet		21
6834935176	Pleonasm	unnecessary words to convey something already understood; using "voce" before speaking	22
6834935177	Ellipsis	when word is missing "est"	23
6834935178	Aposiopesis	a break in speech; side note	24
6834935179	Polyptoton	same word, in different forms	25
6834935180	Synizesis	when you change a vowel from long to short (usually i to e)	26
6834935181	Zeugma	a word serves for two different purposes	27
6834935182	Juxtaposition		28

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AP Language Literary Terms, AP Language terms Flashcards

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8384425406	Cumulative (Loose) Sentence	begins with a main clause that is followed by phrases and/or clauses that modify the main clause. These phrases or clauses add information to the main or independent clause.	0
8384425407	Periodic Sentence	a sentence that, by leaving the completion of its main clause to the end, produces an effect of suspense.	1
8384425408	Litotes/Understatement	a figure of speech in which a negative statement is used to affirm a positive statement.	2
8384425409	Warrant	expresses the assumption necessarily shared by the speaker and the audience.	3
8384425410	Ethos	an appeal to ethics and it is a means of convincing someone of the character or credibility of the persuader.	4
8384425411	Pathos	an appeal to emotion, and is a way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response.	5
8384425412	Logos	an appeal to logic, and is a way of persuading an audience by reason.	6
8384425413	Concession	an acknowledgement that an opposing argument may be true or reasonable.	7
8384425414	Syllogism	A logical structure that uses the major premise and minor premise to reach a necessary conclusion.	8
8384425415	Major premise	contains the term that is the predicate of the conclusion.	9
8384425416	Minor premise	contains the term that is the subject of the conclusion.	10
8384425417	Induction	a logical process wherein you reason from particulars to universal, using specific cases in order to draw a conclusion, which is also called a generalization.	11
8384425418	Deduction	a logical process wherein you reach a conclusion by starting with a general principle or universal truth (a major premise).	12
8384425419	Equivocation	a fallacy of argument in which a lie is given the appearance of truth, or in which the truth is misrepresented in deceptive language.	13
8384425420	Refutation	a denial of the validity of an opposing argument.	14
8384425421	Diction	a speaker's choice of words. Analysis of diction looks at these choices and what they add to the speaker's message.	15
8384425422	Simile	a figure of speech used to explain or clarify an idea by comparing it explicitly to something else, using words like, as, or as though.	16
8384425423	Metaphor	figure of speech that compares two unlike things without using like or as.	17
8384425424	Anaphora	the intentional repetition of beginning clauses in order to create an artistic effect.	18
8384425425	Rhetoric	it is the art of finding ways of persuading an audience.	19
8384425426	Rhetorical Triangle	speaker-subject-audience	20
8384425427	Allusion	brief reference to a person, event, or place (real or fictitious) to to a work of art.	21
8384425428	Hyperbole	deliberate exaggeration used for emphasis or to produce a comic or ironic effect; an overstatement to make a point.	22
8384425429	Personification	attribution of a lifelike quality to an inanimate object or an idea.	23
8384425430	Asyndeton	omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words.	24
8384425431	Polysyndeton	the deliberate use of multiple conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses or words.	25
8384425432	Parallelism	similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses.	26
8384425433	Antithesis	opposition, or contrast or ideas or words in a parallel construction.	27
8384425434	Enumeration	to mention separately as if in counting; name one by one; specify, as in list	28
8384425435	Rhetorical Question	Figure of speech in the form of a question posed for the rhetorical effect rather than for the purpose of getting an answer. Ex.) Are you stupid?	29
8384425436	Chiasmus	the reversal in the order of words in two otherwise parallel phrases. Ex.) He went to the country, the country went to him.	30
8384425437	Rebuttal	In the Toulon model, a rebuttal gives voice to possible objections.	31
8384425438	Fallacy of Argument	a flaw in the structure of an argument that renders its conclusion invalid or suspect.	32
8384425439	Bandwagon Appeal	a fallacy of argument in which a course of action is recommended on the grounds that everyone else is following it.	33
8384425440	Begging the Question	a fallacy of argument in which a claim is based on the very grounds that are in doubt or dispute.	34
8384425441	Anecdote	a brief story used to illustrate a point or claim.	35
8384425442	Modes of Disclosure	Exposition- illustrates a point Narration- tells a story Description- creates a sensory image Argumentation- takes a position on an issue and defends it.	36
8384425443	Example	a specific event, person, or detail of an idea cited and/or developed to support or illustrate a thesis or topic.	37
8384425444	Contrast/ Comparison	a method of presenting similarities and differences between or among at least two persons, places, things, ideas, etc. may be organized by: Subject by subject Point by point Combination	38
8384425445	Cause and Effect	establishes a relationship: B is the result of A.	39
8384425446	Classification	separates items into major categories and details the characteristics of each group is placed within the category.	40
8384425447	Process	simply "how to" do something is done. It can have one of two purposes. It can either give instructions or inform the reader about how something is done.	41
8384425448	Definition	identifies the class to which a specific term belongs and those characteristics which make it different from all the other items in that class.	42
8384425449	Narration	is nothing more than storytelling. There is a beginning, a middle, and an end.	43
8384425450	Description	writing that appeals to the senses. It can be objective, which is scientific or clinical, or it can be impressionistic, which tries to involve the reader's emotions or feelings.	44
8384425451	Dogmatism`	a fallacy of argument in which a claim is supported on the grounds that it's the only conclusion acceptable within a given community.	45
8384425452	False Dilemma or Dichotomy	a fallacy of argument in which a complicated issue is misrepresented as offering only two possible alternatives, one of which is often made to seem vastly preferable to the other.	46
8384425453	False authority	a fallacy of argument in which a claim is based on the expertise of someone who lacks appropriate credentials.	47
8384425454	Faulty causality	a fallacy of argument making the unwarranted assumption that because one event follows another, the first event causes the second. Also called post hoc, ergo propter hoc, this forms the basis of many superstitions.	48
8384425455	Hasty generalization	a fallacy of argument in which an inference is drawn from insufficient data.	49
8384425456	Non sequitor	a fallacy of argument in which claims, reasons, or warrants fail to connect logically; one point doesn't follow from another.	50
8384425457	Allegory	The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning. A story in which each aspect of the story has a symbolic meaning outside the tale itself.	51
8384425458	Alliteration	The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words (as in "she sells sea shells").	52
8384425459	Allusion	A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art.	53
8384425460	Ambiguity	The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.	54
8384425461	Analogy	A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them.	55
8384425462	Antecedent	The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun.	56
8384425463	Antithesis	the opposition or contrast of ideas; the direct opposite.	57
8384425464	Aphorism	A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle. (If the authorship is unknown, the statement is generally considered to be a folk proverb.)	58
8384425465	Apostrophe	A prayer like figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. It is an address to someone or something that cannot answer.	59
8384425466	Atmosphere	The emotional nod created by the entirety of a literary work, established partly by the setting and partly by the author's choice of objects that are described.	60
8384425467	Caricature	a verbal description, the purpose of which is to exaggerate or distort, for comic effect, a person's distinctive physical features or other characteristics.	61
8384425468	Clause	A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb.	62
8384425469	Colloquial/Colloquialism	The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing.	63
8384425470	Literary Conceit	A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects; displays intellectual cleverness through unusual comparisons that make good sense	64
8384425471	Connotation	The non-literal, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning.	65
8384425472	Denotation	The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color.	66
8384425473	Diction	Related to style, diction refers to the writer's word choices, especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness.	67
8384425474	Didactic	From the Greek, didactic literally means "teaching."	68
8384425475	Euphemism	From the Greek for "good speech," euphemisms are a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept - POLITICALLY CORRECT	69
8384425476	Extended Metaphor	A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work.	70
8384425477	Figurative Language	Writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid	71
8384425478	Figure of speech	A device used to produce figurative language. Many compare dissimilar things. Figures of speech include apotrophe hyperbole irony metaphor oxymoron paradox personification simile syneddoche understatement	72
8384425479	Genre	The major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama.	73
8384425480	Homily	This term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.	74
8384425481	Hyperbole	A figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement. (The literal Greek meaning is "overshoot.")	75
8384425482	Imagery	The sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions.	76
8384425483	Inference/infer	To draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented.	77
8384425484	Invective	an emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language.	78
8384425485	Irony/ironic	The contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant, or the difference between what appears to be and what is actually true.	79
8384425486	Loose sentence/non-periodic sentence	A type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses.	80
8384425487	Metaphor	A figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity.	81
8384425488	Metonymy	A figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it.	82
8384425489	Mood	The prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work.	83
8384425490	Narrative	The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events.	84
8384425491	onomatopoeia	A figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words.	85
8384425492	Oxymoron	Oxymoron is a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox.	86
8384425493	Paradox	A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity.	87
8384425494	Parallelism	the use of successive verbal constructions in poetry or prose that correspond in grammatical structure, sound, meter, meaning, etc.	88
8384425495	Parody	A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.	89
8384425496	Pedantic	An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish (language that might be described as "show-offy"; using big words for the sake of using big words).	90
8384425497	Periodic sentence	The opposite of loose sentence, a sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end.	91
8384425498	Personification	A figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions.	92
8384425499	Point of view	In literature, the perspective from which a story is told.	93
8384425500	Prose	written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure.	94
8384425501	Repetition	The duplication, either exact or approximate, of any element of language, such as a sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern.	95
8384425502	Rhetoric	From the Greek for "orator," this term describes the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively.	96
8384425503	Sarcasm	Involves bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something.	97
8384425504	Satire	A work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule.	98
8384425505	Subordinate clause	Like all clauses, this word group contains both a subject and a verb (plus any accompanying phrases or modifiers), but unlike the independent clause, this clause cannot stand alone; it does not express a complete thought.	99
8384425506	Syllogism	A deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises (the first one called "major" and the second called "minor") that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion.	100
8384425507	Symbol/symbolism	Generally, anything that represents itself and stands for something else.	101
8384425508	Syntax	The way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences.	102
8384425509	Theme	The central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers into life.	103
8384425510	Thesis	The sentence or group of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or position.	104
8384425511	Tone	Describes the author's attitude toward his material, the audience, or both.	105
8384425512	Transition	A word or phrase that links different ideas. Used especially, although not exclusively, in expository and argumentative writing, effectively signal a shift from one idea to another.	106
8384425513	Understatement	the ironic minimalizing of fact; presents something as less significant than it is.	107
8384425514	Wit	in modern usage, intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights.	108
8384425515	Slippery Slope	This is the failure to provide evidence to support a claim that one event will lead to a catastrophic chain of events.	109
8384425516	straw man	When a writer argues against a claim that nobody actually holds or is universally considered weak.	110
8384425517	Ethos	An appeal to credibility. The writer is seeking to convince you that he or she has the background, history, skills, and/or expertise to speak on the issue.	111
8384425518	Juxtaposition	Making on idea more dramatic by placing it next to its opposite.	112
8384425519	Logos	An appeal to reason.	113
8384425520	Pathos	An appeal to emotion.	114
8384425521	Rhetorical Question	A question whose answer is assumed.	115
8384425522	Simile	A critical figure of speech in an argument when what is unknown is compared to something that is known using the word "like," "as," or "than" in order to better perceive its importance.	116
8384425523	rhetorical appeal	the persuasive devices by which a writer tries to sway an audience's attention and response to any given work. See logos, ethos, and pathos.	117
8384425524	descriptive detail	When an essay uses this phrase, look for the writer's sensory description.	118
8384425525	devices	The figures of speech, syntax, diction, and other stylistic elements that collectively produce a particular artistic effect.	119
8384425526	narrative devices	This term describes the tools of the storyteller (also used in nonfiction), such as ordering events so that they build to a climactic moment or withholding information until a crucial or appropriate moment when revealing it creates a desired effect. On the essay portion of the exam, this term may also apply to biographical and autobiographical writing.	120
8384425527	narrative techniques	The style of telling the "story," even if the passage is nonfiction. Concentrate on the order of events and on their detail in evaluating a writer's technique.	121
8384425528	Ad hominem argument	An argument attacking an individual's character rather than his or her position on an issue	122
8384425529	Anaphora	Figure of repetition that occurs when the first word or set of words in one sentence, clause, or phrase is/are repeated at or very near the beginning of successive sentences, clauses, or phrases; repetition of the initial words over successive phrases or clauses	123
8384425530	Anecdote	A brief story that illustrates or makes a point	124
8384425531	Appeal to authority	A fallacy in which a speaker or writer seeks to persuade not by giving evidence but by appealing to the respect people have for a famous person or institution.	125
8384425532	Argumentation	one of the four forms of discourse which uses logic, ethics, and emotional appeals (logos, ethos, pathos) to develop an effective means to convince the reader to think or act in a certain way.	126
8384425533	Assonance	Repetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity	127
8384425534	Asyndeton	A series of words separated by commas (with no conjunction).	128
8384425535	tone	A speaker's, author's, or character's disposition toward or opinion of a subject.	129
8384425536	audience	One's listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed.	130
8384425537	Balanced sentence	A sentence in which words, phrases, or clauses are set off against each other to emphasize a contrast	131
8384425538	Begging the question	Often called circular reasoning, __ occurs when the believability of the evidence depends on the believability of the claim.	132
8384425539	understatement	"I have to have this operation. It isn't very serious. I have this tiny little tumor on the brain." Holden Caulfield, Catcher in the Rye	133
8384425540	parallelism	"My fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country." John F. Kennedy	134
8384425541	allusion	The rise in poverty will unlock the Pandora's box of crimes.	135
8384425542	hyperbole	"I'll love you, dear, I'll love you/Till China and Africa meet,/And the river jumps over the mountain"	136
8384425543	aphorism	"Having nothing, nothing can he lose."	137
8384425544	metonymy	"Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears." Shakespeare's Julius Caesar, Act I	138
8384425545	invective	"I cannot but conclude the bulk of your natives to be the most pernicious race of little odious vermin that nature ever suffered to crawl upon the surface of the earth." Jonathan Swift Gulliver's Travels	139
8384425546	antithesis	"To err is human; to forgive divine." Alexander Pope "An Essay on Criticism"	140
8384425547	euphemism	"I am one, sir, that comes to tell you your daughter and the Moor are now making the beast with two backs." William Shakespeare Othello	141
8384425548	periodic sentence	In spite of heavy snow and cold temperatures, the game continued.	142
8384425549	paradox	"Whatever you do will be insignificant, but it is very important that you do it." -Gandhi	143
8384425550	alliteration	"His soul swooned slowly as he heard the snow falling faintly through the universe and faintly falling, like the descent of their last end, upon all the living and the dead."	144
8384425551	chiasmus	"he heard the snow falling faintly through the universe and faintly falling"	145
8384425552	oxymoron	"Yet I should kill thee with much cherishing. / Good night, good night! Parting is such sweet sorrow, / That I shall say good night till it be morrow."	146
8384425553	personification	"Pearl Button swung on the little gate in front of the House of Boxes. It was the early afternoon of a sunshiny day with little winds playing hide-and-seek in it."	147
8384425554	onomatopoeia	"He saw nothing and heard nothing but he could feel his heart pounding and then he heard the clack on stone and the leaping, dropping clicks of a small rock falling."	148
8384425555	inverted syntax	"Patience you must have, my young padawan."	149
8384425556	spatial description	"In my pantry, coffee, tea powder, and sugar have been kept in the top shelf. Flour, canned food, and dry pasta are on the second shelf."	150

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AP Literature Terms Flashcards

The Glossary of Literary Terms for the AP English Literature and Composition Test

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8002174110	Abstract	Complex, discusses intangible qualities like good and evil, seldom uses examples to support its points.	0
8002174111	Academic	Dry and rhetorical writing; sucking all the life out of its subject with analysis.	1
8002174112	Accent	In poetry, the stressed portion of a word.	2
8002174113	Aesthetic	Appealing to the senses; a coherent sense of taste.	3
8002174114	Allegory	A story in which each aspect of the story has a symbolic meaning outside the tale itself.	4
8002174115	Alliteration	The repetition of initial consonant sounds.	5
8002174116	Allusion	A reference to another work or famous figure.	6
8002174117	Anachronism	"Misplaced in time." An aspect of a story that doesn't belong in its supposed time setting.	7
8002174118	Analogy	A comparison, usually involving two or more symbolic parts, employed to clarify an action or a relationship.	8
8002174119	Anecdote	A Short Narrative	9
8002174120	Antecedent	The word, phrase, or clause that determines what a pronoun refers to.	10
8002174121	Anthropomorphism	When inanimate objects are given human characteristics. Often confused with personification.	11
8002174122	Anticlimax	Occurs when an action produces far smaller results than one had been led to expect.	12
8002174123	Antihero	A protagonist who is markedly unheroic: morally weak, cowardly, dishonest, or any number of other unsavory qualities.	13
8002174124	Aphorism	A short and usually witty saying.	14
8002174125	Apostrophe	A figure of speech wherein the speaker talks directly to something that is nonhuman.	15
8002174126	Archaism	The use of deliberately old-fashioned language.	16
8002174127	Aside	A speech (usually just a short comment) made by an actor to the audience, as though momentarily stepping outside of the action on stage.	17
8002174128	Aspect	A trait or characteristic	18
8002174129	Assonance	The repeated use of vowel sounds: "Old king Cole was a merry old soul."	19
8002174130	Atmosphere	The emotional tone or background that surrounds a scene	20
8002174131	Ballad	A long, narrative poem, usually in meter and rhyme. Typically has a naive folksy quality.	21
8002174132	Bathos	Writing strains for grandeur it can't support and tries too hard to be a tear jerker.	22
8002174133	Pathos	Writing evokes feelings of dignified pity and sympathy.	23
8002174134	Black humor	The use of disturbing themes in comedy.	24
8002174135	Bombast	Pretentious, exaggeratedly learned language.	25
8002174136	Burlesque	Broad parody, one that takes a style or form and exaggerates it into ridiculousness.	26
8002174137	Cacophony	In poetry, using deliberately harsh, awkward sounds.	27
8002174138	Cadence	The beat or rhythm or poetry in a general sense.	28
8002174139	Canto	The name for a section division in a long work of poetry.	29
8002174140	Caricature	A portrait (verbal or otherwise) that exaggerates a facet of personality.	30
8002174141	Catharsis	Drawn from Aristotle's writings on tragedy. Refers to the "cleansing" of emotion an audience member experiences during a play	31
8002174142	Chorus	In Greek drama, the group of citizens who stand outside the main action on stage and comment on it.	32
8002174143	Classic	Typical, or an accepted masterpiece.	33
8002174144	Coinage (neologism)	A new word, usually one invented on the spot.	34
8002174145	Colloquialism	A word or phrase used in everyday conversational English that isn't a part of accepted "school-book" English.	35
8002174146	Complex (Dense)	Suggesting that there is more than one possibility in the meaning of words; subtleties and variations; multiple layers of interpretation; meaning both explicit and implicit	36
8002174147	Conceit (Controlling Image)	A startling or unusual metaphor, or to a metaphor developed and expanded upon several lines.	37
8002174148	Denotation	A word's literal meaning.	38
8002174149	Connotation	Everything other than the literal meaning that a word suggests or implies.	39
8002174150	Consonance	The repetition of consonant sounds within words (rather than at their beginnings)	40
8002174151	Couplet	A pair of lines that end in rhyme	41
8002174152	Decorum	A character's speech must be styled according to her social station, and in accordance to the situation.	42
8002174153	Diction	The words an author chooses to use.	43
8002174154	Syntax	The ordering and structuring of words.	44
8002174155	Dirge	A song for the dead. Its tone is typically slow, heavy, depressed, and melancholy	45
8002174156	Dissonance	Refers to the grating of incompatible sounds.	46
8002174157	Doggerel	Crude, simplistic verse, often in sing-song rhyme, like limericks.	47
8002174158	Dramatic Irony	When the audience knows something that the characters in the drama do not	48
8002174159	Dramatic Monologue	When a single speaker in literature says something to a silent audience.	49
8002174160	Elegy	A type of poem that meditates on death or mortality in a serious, thoughtful manner.	50
8002174161	Elements	Basic techniques of each genre of literature	51
8002174162	Enjambment	The continuation of a syntactic unit from one line or couplet of a poem to the next with no pause.	52
8002174163	Epic	A very long narrative poem on a serious theme in a dignified style; typically deal with glorious or profound subject matter.	53
8002174164	Epitaph	Lines that commemorate the dead at their burial place.	54
8002174165	Euphemism	A word or phrase that takes the place of a harsh, unpleasant, or impolite reality.	55
8002174166	Euphony	When sounds blend harmoniously.	56
8002174167	Explicit	To say or write something directly and clearly.	57
8002174168	Farce	Extremely broad humor; in earlier times, a funny play or a comedy.	58
8002174169	Feminine rhyme	Lines rhymed by their final two syllables. Properly, the penultimate syllables are stressed and the final syllables are unstressed.	59
8002174170	Foil	A secondary character whose purpose is to highlight the characteristics of a main character, usually by contrast.	60
8002174171	Foot	The basic rhythmic unit of a line of poetry, formed by a combination of two or three syllables, either stressed or unstressed.	61
8002174172	Foreshadowing	An event of statement in a narrative that in miniature suggests a larger event that comes later.	62
8002174173	Free verse	poetry written without a regular rhyme scheme or metrical pattern	63
8002174174	Genre	A sub-category of literature.	64
8002174175	Gothic	A sensibility that includes such features as dark, gloomy castles and weird screams from the attic each night.	65
8002174176	Hubris	The excessive pride or ambition that leads to the main character's downfall	66
8002174177	Hyperbole	Exaggeration or deliberate overstatement.	67
8002174178	Implicit	To say or write something that suggests and implies but never says it directly or clearly.	68
8002174179	In media res	Latin for "in the midst of things," i.e. beginning an epic poem in the middle of the action.	69
8002174180	Interior Monologue	Refers to writing that records the mental talking that goes on inside a character's head; tends to be coherent.	70
8002174181	Inversion	Switching the customary order of elements in a sentence or phrase.	71
8002174182	Irony	A statement that means the opposite of what it seems to mean; uses an undertow of meaning, sliding against the literal a la Jane Austen.	72
8002174183	Lament	A poem of sadness or grief over the death of a loved one or over some other intense loss.	73
8002174184	Lampoon	A satire.	74
8002174185	Loose sentence	A sentence that is complete before its end: Jack loved Barbara despite her irritating snorting laugh.	75
8002174186	Periodic Sentence	A sentence that is not grammatically complete until it has reached it s final phrase: Despite Barbara's irritation at Jack, she loved him.	76
8002174187	Lyric	A type of poetry that explores the poet's personal interpretation of and feelings about the world.	77
8002174188	Masculine rhyme	A rhyme ending on the final stressed syllable (regular old rhyme)	78
8002174189	Meaning	What makes sense, what's important.	79
8002174190	Melodrama	A form of cheesy theater in which the hero is very, very good, the villain mean and rotten, and the heroine oh-so-pure.	80
8002174191	Metaphor	A comparison or analogy that states one thing IS another.	81
8002174192	Simile	A comparison or analogy that typically uses like or as.	82
8002174193	Metonymy	A word that is used to stand for something else that it has attributes of or is associated with.	83
8002174194	Nemesis	The protagonist's arch enemy or supreme and persistent difficulty.	84
8002174195	Objectivity	Treatment of subject matter in an impersonal manner or from an outside view.	85
8002174196	Subjectivity	A treatment of subject matter that uses the interior or personal view of a single observer and is typically colored with that observer's emotional responses.	86
8002174197	Onomatopoeia	Words that sound like what they mean	87
8002174198	Opposition	A pairing of images whereby each becomes more striking and informative because it's placed in contrast to the other one.	88
8002174199	Oxymoron	A phrase composed of opposites; a contradiction.	89
8002174200	Parable	A story that instructs.	90
8002174201	Paradox	A situation or statement that seems to contradict itself, but on closer inspection, does not.	91
8002174202	Parallelism	Repeated syntactical similarities used for effect.	92
8002174203	Paraphrase	To restate phrases and sentences in your own words.	93
8002174204	Parenthetical phrase	A phrase set off by commas that interrupts the flow of a sentence with some commentary or added detail.	94
8002174205	Parody	The work that results when a specific work is exaggerated to ridiculousness.	95
8002174206	Pastoral	A poem set in tranquil nature or even more specifically, one about shepherds.	96
8002174207	Persona	The narrator in a non first-person novel.	97
8002174208	Personification	When an inanimate object takes on human shape.	98
8002174209	Plaint	A poem or speech expressing sorrow.	99
8002174210	Point of View	The perspective from which the action of a novel is presented.	100
8002174211	Omniscient	A third person narrator who sees into each character's mind and understands all the action going on.	101
8002174212	Limited Omniscient	A Third person narrator who generally reports only what one character sees, and who only reports the thoughts of that one privileged character.	102
8002174213	Objective	A thrid person narrator who only reports on what would be visible to a camera. Does not know what the character is thinking unless the character speaks it.	103
8002174214	First person	A narrator who is a character in the story and tells the tale from his or her point of view.	104
8002174215	Stream of Consciousness	Author places the reader inside the main character's head and makes the reader privy to all of the character's thoughts as they scroll through her consciousness.	105
8002174216	Prelude	An introductory poem to a longer work of verse	106
8002174217	Protagonist	The main character of a novel or play	107
8002174218	Pun	The usually humorous use of a word in such a way to suggest two or more meanings	108
8002174219	Refrain	A line or set of lines repeated several times over the course of a poem.	109
8002174220	Requiem	A song of prayer for the dead.	110
8002174221	Rhapsody	An intensely passionate verse or section of verse, usually of love or praise.	111
8002174222	Rhetorical question	A question that suggests an answer.	112
8002174223	Satire	Attempts to improve things by pointing out people's mistakes in the hope that once exposed, such behavior will become less common.	113
8002174224	Soliloquy	A speech spoken by a character alone on stage, meant to convey the impression that the audience is listening to the character's thoughts.	114
8002174225	Stanza	A group of lines roughly analogous in function in verse to the paragraphs function in prose.	115
8002174226	Stock characters	Standard or cliched character types.	116
8002174227	Subjunctive Mood	A grammatical situation involving the words "if" and "were," setting up a hypothetical situation.	117
8002174228	Suggest	To imply, infer, indicate.	118
8002174229	Summary	A simple retelling of what you've just read.	119
8002174230	Suspension of disbelief	The demand made of a theater audience to accept the limitations of staging and supply the details with their imagination.	120
8002174231	Symbolism	A device in literature where an object represents an idea.	121
8002174232	Technique	The methods and tools of the author.	122
8002174233	Theme	The main idea of the overall work; the central idea.	123
8002174234	Thesis	The main position of an argument. The central contention that will be supported.	124
8002174235	Tragic flaw	In a tragedy, this is the weakness of a character in an otherwise good (or even great) individual that ultimately leads to his demise.	125
8002174236	Travesty	A grotesque parody	126
8002174237	Truism	A way-too obvious truth	127
8002174238	Unreliable narrator	When the first person narrator is crazy, a liar, very young, or for some reason not entirely credible	128
8002174239	Utopia	An idealized place. Imaginary communities in which people are able to live in happiness, prosperity, and peace.	129
8002174240	Zeugma	The use of a word to modify two or more words, but used for different meanings. He closed the door and his heart on his lost love.	130
8002174241	Ode	A poem in praise of something divine or noble	131
8002174242	Iamb	A poetic foot -- light, heavy	132
8002174243	Trochee	A poetic foot -- heavy, light	133
8002174244	Spondee	A poetic foot -- heavy, heavy	134
8002174245	Pyrrhie	A poetic foot -- light, light	135
8002174246	Anapest	A poetic foot -- light, light, heavy	136
8002174247	Ambibranch	A poetic foot -- light, heavy, light	137
8002174248	Dactyl	A poetic foot -- heavy, light, light	138
8002174249	Imperfect	A poetic foot -- single light or single heavy	139
8002174250	Pentameter	A poetic line with five feet.	140
8002174251	Tetrameter	A poetic line with four feet	141
8002174252	Trimeter	A poetic line with three feet	142
8002174253	Blank Verse	unrhymed iambic pentameter.	143

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AP Language Literary Terms, AP Language terms Flashcards

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8029596782	Cumulative (Loose) Sentence	begins with a main clause that is followed by phrases and/or clauses that modify the main clause. These phrases or clauses add information to the main or independent clause.	0
8029596783	Periodic Sentence	a sentence that, by leaving the completion of its main clause to the end, produces an effect of suspense.	1
8029596784	Litotes/Understatement	a figure of speech in which a negative statement is used to affirm a positive statement.	2
8029596785	Warrant	expresses the assumption necessarily shared by the speaker and the audience.	3
8029596786	Ethos	an appeal to ethics and it is a means of convincing someone of the character or credibility of the persuader.	4
8029596787	Pathos	an appeal to emotion, and is a way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response.	5
8029596788	Logos	an appeal to logic, and is a way of persuading an audience by reason.	6
8029596789	Concession	an acknowledgement that an opposing argument may be true or reasonable.	7
8029596790	Syllogism	A logical structure that uses the major premise and minor premise to reach a necessary conclusion.	8
8029596791	Major premise	contains the term that is the predicate of the conclusion.	9
8029596792	Minor premise	contains the term that is the subject of the conclusion.	10
8029596793	Induction	a logical process wherein you reason from particulars to universal, using specific cases in order to draw a conclusion, which is also called a generalization.	11
8029596794	Deduction	a logical process wherein you reach a conclusion by starting with a general principle or universal truth (a major premise).	12
8029596795	Equivocation	a fallacy of argument in which a lie is given the appearance of truth, or in which the truth is misrepresented in deceptive language.	13
8029596796	Refutation	a denial of the validity of an opposing argument.	14
8029596797	Diction	a speaker's choice of words. Analysis of diction looks at these choices and what they add to the speaker's message.	15
8029596798	Simile	a figure of speech used to explain or clarify an idea by comparing it explicitly to something else, using words like, as, or as though.	16
8029596799	Metaphor	figure of speech that compares two unlike things without using like or as.	17
8029596800	Anaphora	the intentional repetition of beginning clauses in order to create an artistic effect.	18
8029596801	Rhetoric	it is the art of finding ways of persuading an audience.	19
8029596802	Rhetorical Triangle	speaker-subject-audience	20
8029596803	Allusion	brief reference to a person, event, or place (real or fictitious) to to a work of art.	21
8029596804	Hyperbole	deliberate exaggeration used for emphasis or to produce a comic or ironic effect; an overstatement to make a point.	22
8029596805	Personification	attribution of a lifelike quality to an inanimate object or an idea.	23
8029596806	Asyndeton	omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words.	24
8029596807	Polysyndeton	the deliberate use of multiple conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses or words.	25
8029596808	Parallelism	similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses.	26
8029596809	Antithesis	opposition, or contrast or ideas or words in a parallel construction.	27
8029596810	Enumeration	to mention separately as if in counting; name one by one; specify, as in list	28
8029596811	Rhetorical Question	Figure of speech in the form of a question posed for the rhetorical effect rather than for the purpose of getting an answer. Ex.) Are you stupid?	29
8029596812	Chiasmus	the reversal in the order of words in two otherwise parallel phrases. Ex.) He went to the country, the country went to him.	30
8029596813	Rebuttal	In the Toulon model, a rebuttal gives voice to possible objections.	31
8029596814	Fallacy of Argument	a flaw in the structure of an argument that renders its conclusion invalid or suspect.	32
8029596815	Bandwagon Appeal	a fallacy of argument in which a course of action is recommended on the grounds that everyone else is following it.	33
8029596816	Begging the Question	a fallacy of argument in which a claim is based on the very grounds that are in doubt or dispute.	34
8029596817	Anecdote	a brief story used to illustrate a point or claim.	35
8029596818	Modes of Disclosure	Exposition- illustrates a point Narration- tells a story Description- creates a sensory image Argumentation- takes a position on an issue and defends it.	36
8029596819	Example	a specific event, person, or detail of an idea cited and/or developed to support or illustrate a thesis or topic.	37
8029596820	Contrast/ Comparison	a method of presenting similarities and differences between or among at least two persons, places, things, ideas, etc. may be organized by: Subject by subject Point by point Combination	38
8029596821	Cause and Effect	establishes a relationship: B is the result of A.	39
8029596822	Classification	separates items into major categories and details the characteristics of each group is placed within the category.	40
8029596823	Process	simply "how to" do something is done. It can have one of two purposes. It can either give instructions or inform the reader about how something is done.	41
8029596824	Definition	identifies the class to which a specific term belongs and those characteristics which make it different from all the other items in that class.	42
8029596825	Narration	is nothing more than storytelling. There is a beginning, a middle, and an end.	43
8029596826	Description	writing that appeals to the senses. It can be objective, which is scientific or clinical, or it can be impressionistic, which tries to involve the reader's emotions or feelings.	44
8029596827	Dogmatism`	a fallacy of argument in which a claim is supported on the grounds that it's the only conclusion acceptable within a given community.	45
8029596828	False Dilemma or Dichotomy	a fallacy of argument in which a complicated issue is misrepresented as offering only two possible alternatives, one of which is often made to seem vastly preferable to the other.	46
8029596829	False authority	a fallacy of argument in which a claim is based on the expertise of someone who lacks appropriate credentials.	47
8029596830	Faulty causality	a fallacy of argument making the unwarranted assumption that because one event follows another, the first event causes the second. Also called post hoc, ergo propter hoc, this forms the basis of many superstitions.	48
8029596831	Hasty generalization	a fallacy of argument in which an inference is drawn from insufficient data.	49
8029596832	Non sequitor	a fallacy of argument in which claims, reasons, or warrants fail to connect logically; one point doesn't follow from another.	50
8029596833	Allegory	The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning. A story in which each aspect of the story has a symbolic meaning outside the tale itself.	51
8029596834	Alliteration	The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words (as in "she sells sea shells").	52
8029596835	Allusion	A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art.	53
8029596836	Ambiguity	The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.	54
8029596837	Analogy	A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them.	55
8029596838	Antecedent	The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun.	56
8029596839	Antithesis	the opposition or contrast of ideas; the direct opposite.	57
8029596840	Aphorism	A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle. (If the authorship is unknown, the statement is generally considered to be a folk proverb.)	58
8029596841	Apostrophe	A prayer like figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. It is an address to someone or something that cannot answer.	59
8029596842	Atmosphere	The emotional nod created by the entirety of a literary work, established partly by the setting and partly by the author's choice of objects that are described.	60
8029596843	Caricature	a verbal description, the purpose of which is to exaggerate or distort, for comic effect, a person's distinctive physical features or other characteristics.	61
8029596844	Clause	A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb.	62
8029596845	Colloquial/Colloquialism	The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing.	63
8029596846	Literary Conceit	A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects; displays intellectual cleverness through unusual comparisons that make good sense	64
8029596847	Connotation	The non-literal, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning.	65
8029596848	Denotation	The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color.	66
8029596849	Diction	Related to style, diction refers to the writer's word choices, especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness.	67
8029596850	Didactic	From the Greek, didactic literally means "teaching."	68
8029596851	Euphemism	From the Greek for "good speech," euphemisms are a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept - POLITICALLY CORRECT	69
8029596852	Extended Metaphor	A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work.	70
8029596853	Figurative Language	Writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid	71
8029596854	Figure of speech	A device used to produce figurative language. Many compare dissimilar things. Figures of speech include apotrophe hyperbole irony metaphor oxymoron paradox personification simile syneddoche understatement	72
8029596855	Genre	The major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama.	73
8029596856	Homily	This term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.	74
8029596857	Hyperbole	A figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement. (The literal Greek meaning is "overshoot.")	75
8029596858	Imagery	The sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions.	76
8029596859	Inference/infer	To draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented.	77
8029596860	Invective	an emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language.	78
8029596861	Irony/ironic	The contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant, or the difference between what appears to be and what is actually true.	79
8029596862	Loose sentence/non-periodic sentence	A type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses.	80
8029596863	Metaphor	A figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity.	81
8029596864	Metonymy	A figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it.	82
8029596865	Mood	The prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work.	83
8029596866	Narrative	The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events.	84
8029596867	onomatopoeia	A figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words.	85
8029596868	Oxymoron	Oxymoron is a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox.	86
8029596869	Paradox	A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity.	87
8029596870	Parallelism	the use of successive verbal constructions in poetry or prose that correspond in grammatical structure, sound, meter, meaning, etc.	88
8029596871	Parody	A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.	89
8029596872	Pedantic	An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish (language that might be described as "show-offy"; using big words for the sake of using big words).	90
8029596873	Periodic sentence	The opposite of loose sentence, a sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end.	91
8029596874	Personification	A figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions.	92
8029596875	Point of view	In literature, the perspective from which a story is told.	93
8029596876	Prose	written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure.	94
8029596877	Repetition	The duplication, either exact or approximate, of any element of language, such as a sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern.	95
8029596878	Rhetoric	From the Greek for "orator," this term describes the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively.	96
8029596879	Sarcasm	Involves bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something.	97
8029596880	Satire	A work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule.	98
8029596881	Subordinate clause	Like all clauses, this word group contains both a subject and a verb (plus any accompanying phrases or modifiers), but unlike the independent clause, this clause cannot stand alone; it does not express a complete thought.	99
8029596882	Syllogism	A deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises (the first one called "major" and the second called "minor") that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion.	100
8029596883	Symbol/symbolism	Generally, anything that represents itself and stands for something else.	101
8029596884	Syntax	The way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences.	102
8029596885	Theme	The central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers into life.	103
8029596886	Thesis	The sentence or group of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or position.	104
8029596887	Tone	Describes the author's attitude toward his material, the audience, or both.	105
8029596888	Transition	A word or phrase that links different ideas. Used especially, although not exclusively, in expository and argumentative writing, effectively signal a shift from one idea to another.	106
8029596889	Understatement	the ironic minimalizing of fact; presents something as less significant than it is.	107
8029596890	Wit	in modern usage, intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights.	108
8029596891	Slippery Slope	This is the failure to provide evidence to support a claim that one event will lead to a catastrophic chain of events.	109
8029596892	straw man	When a writer argues against a claim that nobody actually holds or is universally considered weak.	110
8029596893	Ethos	An appeal to credibility. The writer is seeking to convince you that he or she has the background, history, skills, and/or expertise to speak on the issue.	111
8029596894	Juxtaposition	Making on idea more dramatic by placing it next to its opposite.	112
8029596895	Logos	An appeal to reason.	113
8029596896	Pathos	An appeal to emotion.	114
8029596897	Rhetorical Question	A question whose answer is assumed.	115
8029596898	Simile	A critical figure of speech in an argument when what is unknown is compared to something that is known using the word "like," "as," or "than" in order to better perceive its importance.	116
8029596899	rhetorical appeal	the persuasive devices by which a writer tries to sway an audience's attention and response to any given work. See logos, ethos, and pathos.	117
8029596900	descriptive detail	When an essay uses this phrase, look for the writer's sensory description.	118
8029596901	devices	The figures of speech, syntax, diction, and other stylistic elements that collectively produce a particular artistic effect.	119
8029596902	narrative devices	This term describes the tools of the storyteller (also used in nonfiction), such as ordering events so that they build to a climactic moment or withholding information until a crucial or appropriate moment when revealing it creates a desired effect. On the essay portion of the exam, this term may also apply to biographical and autobiographical writing.	120
8029596903	narrative techniques	The style of telling the "story," even if the passage is nonfiction. Concentrate on the order of events and on their detail in evaluating a writer's technique.	121
8029596904	Ad hominem argument	An argument attacking an individual's character rather than his or her position on an issue	122
8029596905	Anaphora	Figure of repetition that occurs when the first word or set of words in one sentence, clause, or phrase is/are repeated at or very near the beginning of successive sentences, clauses, or phrases; repetition of the initial words over successive phrases or clauses	123
8029596906	Anecdote	A brief story that illustrates or makes a point	124
8029596907	Appeal to authority	A fallacy in which a speaker or writer seeks to persuade not by giving evidence but by appealing to the respect people have for a famous person or institution.	125
8029596908	Argumentation	one of the four forms of discourse which uses logic, ethics, and emotional appeals (logos, ethos, pathos) to develop an effective means to convince the reader to think or act in a certain way.	126
8029596909	Assonance	Repetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity	127
8029596910	Asyndeton	A series of words separated by commas (with no conjunction).	128
8029596911	tone	A speaker's, author's, or character's disposition toward or opinion of a subject.	129
8029596912	audience	One's listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed.	130
8029596913	Balanced sentence	A sentence in which words, phrases, or clauses are set off against each other to emphasize a contrast	131
8029596914	Begging the question	Often called circular reasoning, __ occurs when the believability of the evidence depends on the believability of the claim.	132
8029596915	understatement	"I have to have this operation. It isn't very serious. I have this tiny little tumor on the brain." Holden Caulfield, Catcher in the Rye	133
8029596916	parallelism	"My fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country." John F. Kennedy	134
8029596917	allusion	The rise in poverty will unlock the Pandora's box of crimes.	135
8029596918	hyperbole	"I'll love you, dear, I'll love you/Till China and Africa meet,/And the river jumps over the mountain"	136
8029596919	aphorism	"Having nothing, nothing can he lose."	137
8029596920	metonymy	"Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears." Shakespeare's Julius Caesar, Act I	138
8029596921	invective	"I cannot but conclude the bulk of your natives to be the most pernicious race of little odious vermin that nature ever suffered to crawl upon the surface of the earth." Jonathan Swift Gulliver's Travels	139
8029596922	antithesis	"To err is human; to forgive divine." Alexander Pope "An Essay on Criticism"	140
8029596923	euphemism	"I am one, sir, that comes to tell you your daughter and the Moor are now making the beast with two backs." William Shakespeare Othello	141
8029596924	periodic sentence	In spite of heavy snow and cold temperatures, the game continued.	142
8029596925	paradox	"Whatever you do will be insignificant, but it is very important that you do it." -Gandhi	143
8029596926	alliteration	"His soul swooned slowly as he heard the snow falling faintly through the universe and faintly falling, like the descent of their last end, upon all the living and the dead."	144
8029596927	chiasmus	"he heard the snow falling faintly through the universe and faintly falling"	145
8029596928	oxymoron	"Yet I should kill thee with much cherishing. / Good night, good night! Parting is such sweet sorrow, / That I shall say good night till it be morrow."	146
8029596929	personification	"Pearl Button swung on the little gate in front of the House of Boxes. It was the early afternoon of a sunshiny day with little winds playing hide-and-seek in it."	147
8029596930	onomatopoeia	"He saw nothing and heard nothing but he could feel his heart pounding and then he heard the clack on stone and the leaping, dropping clicks of a small rock falling."	148
8029596931	inverted syntax	"Patience you must have, my young padawan."	149
8029596932	spatial description	"In my pantry, coffee, tea powder, and sugar have been kept in the top shelf. Flour, canned food, and dry pasta are on the second shelf."	150

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All AP Language and Composition Terms Flashcards

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4348134614	allegory	The rhetorical strategy of extending a metaphor through an entire narrative so that objects, persons, and actions in the text are equated with meanings that lie outside the text. "There is an obvious allegory in Avatar, the Navi stand for Native Americans."	0
4348134615	alliteration	The repetition of an initial consonant sound, as in "a peck of pickled peppers."	1
4348134616	allusion	A brief, usually indirect reference to a person, place, or event--real or fictional.	2
4348134617	analogy	A type of composition (or, more commonly, a part of a composition or speech) in which one idea, process, or thing is explained by comparing it to something else.	3
4348134618	anaphora (also called epanaphora)	A scheme in which the same word or phrase is repeated at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or sentences. Example: "I will fight for you. I will fight to save Social Security. I will fight to raise the minimum wage."	4
4348134619	anastrophe	A scheme in which normal word order is changed for emphasis. Example: "Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.	5
4348134620	anecdote	A short account (or narrative) of an interesting or amusing incident, often intended to illustrate or support some point.	6
4348134621	annotation	A concise statement of the key idea(s) in a text or a portion of a text. Annotations are commonly used in reading instruction and in research.	7
4348134622	antagonist	Character in a story or poem who opposes the main character (protagonist). Sometimes the antagonist is an animal, an idea, or a thing. Examples of such antagonists might include illness, oppression, or the serpent in the biblical story of Adam and Eve.	8
4348134623	antecedent	The noun or noun phrase that a pronoun refers to. "When giving treats to ~friends~ or ~children~, give them what they like, emphatically not what is good for them."	9
4348134624	antimetabole	Half of expression is balanced, other half is backwards. ABC-CBA. It's a type of chiasmus. "I know what I like, and I like what I know"	10
4348134625	antithesis	Placement of contrasting or opposing words, phrases, clauses, or sentences side by side. Following are examples:"The more acute the experience, the less articulate its expression." (Harold Pinter, "Writing for the Theatre," 1962)	11
4348134627	antithesis	A rhetorical term for the juxtaposition of contrasting ideas in balanced phrases or clauses. "You're easy on the eyes Hard on the heart." - (Terri Clark)	12
4348134628	aphorism	A brief statement of a principle that makes a wise observation about life. "Haste makes waste." "The first rule of Fight Club is--you do not talk about Fight Club." (Brad Pitt as Tyler Durden, Fight Club)	13
4348134630	apostrophe	A scheme in which a person or an abstract quality is directly addressed, whether present or not. Example: "Freedom! You are a beguiling mistress."	14
4348134632	archaic diction	the use of words that are old-fashioned or no longer commonly used.	15
4348134633	Aristotelian triangle	Relation between audience, subject, and writer/speaker	16
4348134635	aside	In conversation or drama, a short passage spoken in an undertone or addressed to an audience. In writing, an aside may be set off by parentheses.	17
4348134636	assertion	a positive statement or declaration, often without support or reason	18
4348134637	assumption	a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn. Little proof is given.	19
4348134638	asyndeton	Omitting conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses "Anyway, like I was saying, shrimp is the fruit of the sea. You can barbecue it, boil it, broil it, bake it, saute it. Dey's uh, shrimp-kabobs, shrimp creole, shrimp gumbo."	20
4348134639	attitude	Created by a speaker or writer in order to invent materials, the manner in which an action is carried out.	21
4348134640	audience	the receiving end. Always important to write and speak with the audience in mind. Clarity, brevity, interest, reaction, etc...	22
4348134641	bias	Prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.	23
4348134649	claim	An assertion of the truth of something, typically one that is disputed or in doubt.	24
4348134653	colloquialism	An informal expression that is more often used in casual conversation than in formal speech or writing. "Latinas are in oppressive structures. We can fool ourselves, but we'd still be getting ~dumped on.~"	25
4348134654	comic relief	Comic episodes in a dramatic or literary work that offset more serious sections. A character or characters providing this.	26
4348134655	concede	Admit that something is true or valid after first denying or resisting it.	27
4348134660	connotation	The emotional implications and associations that a word may carry, in contrast to its denotative (literal) meanings. An idea that is implied or suggested "The name reservation has a negative connotation among Native Americans--an intern camp of sorts." (John Russell)	28
4348134663	counterargument	a contrasting, opposing, or refuting argument.	29
4348134664	cumulative sentence	sentence that completes the main idea at the beginning of the sentence and then builds and adds on	30
4348134665	deductive reasoning	A method of reasoning from the general to the specific. In a deductive argument, a conclusion follows necessarily from the stated premises. (Contrast with induction.) In logic, a deductive argument is called a syllogism. In rhetoric, the equivalent of the syllogism is the enthymeme.	31
4348134666	denotation	The direct or dictionary meaning of a word, in contrast to its figurative or associated meanings	32
4348134669	diction	Choice and use of words in speech or writing	33
4348134673	effect	something that is produced by an agency or cause; result; consequence	34
4348134674	elegy	a mournful, melancholy, or plaintive poem, especially a funeral song or a lament for the dead.	35
4348134678	epistrophe (also called epiphora)	A scheme in which the same word is repeated at the end of successive phrases, clauses, or sentences. Example: "I believe we should fight for justice. You believe we should fight for justice. How can we not, then, fight for justice?"	36
4348134679	ethos	Credibility. We tend to believe people whom we respect.	37
4348134680	euphemism	The substitution of an inoffensive term (such as "passed away") for one considered offensively explicit ("died"). Contrast with dysphemism. Adjective: euphemistic.	38
4348134681	euphony	agreeableness of sound; pleasing effect to the ear, especially a pleasant sounding or harmonious combination or succession of words	39
4348134683	exposition	writing or speech primarily intended to convey information or to explain; a detailed statement or explanation; explanatory treatise	40
4348134684	fable	a short tale to teach a moral lesson, often with animals or inanimate objects as characters; apologue	41
4348134693	hyperbole	A trope composed of exaggerated words or ideals used for emphasis and not to be taken literally. Example: "I've told you a million times not to call me a liar!"	42
4348134696	imperative sentence	A type of sentence that gives advice or instructions or that expresses a request or command. "Leave the gun, take the cannoli"	43
4348134697	Impressionism	use imagism and symbolism to convey their impressions, rather than interpreting their experiences.	44
4348134698	inductive reasoning	A method of reasoning that moves from specific instances to a generalization. Specific to general.	45
4348134699	inversion	reversal of the usual or natural order of words; anastrophe.	46
4348134700	irony	A trope in which a word or phrase is used to mean the opposite of its literal meaning. Example: "I just love scrubbing the floor."	47
4348134701	juxtaposition	an act or instance of placing close together or side by side, especially for comparison or contrast.	48
4348134702	laconic	using few words; expressing much in few words; concise: a laconic reply.	49
4348134703	litotes	A trope in which one makes a deliberate understatement for emphasis. Example: Young lovers are kissing and an observer says: "I think they like each other."	50
4348134704	logos	logic means persuading by the use of reasoning.	51
4348134709	metonymy	Substitution where a word or phrase is used in place of another word or phrase (such as "crown" for "royalty"). "The pen is mightier than the sword,"	52
4348134710	modifier	In grammar, a modifier is an optional element in phrase structure or clause structure. A modifier is so called because it is said to modify (change the meaning of) another element in the structure, on which it is dependent. ex: "This is a red ball" vs. "This is a ball". Red modifies the noun ball.	53
4348134713	narration	provides factual information and background material or something narrated; an account, story, or narrative	54
4348134716	onomatopoeia	use of words that imitate sounds-CRASH, BANG, HISS	55
4348134717	oxymoron	A trope that connects two contradictory terms. Example: "Bill is a cheerful pessimist." "Jumbo shrimp"	56
4348134719	parable	A story, usually short and simple, that illustrates a lesson.	57
4348134720	paradox	an assertion seemingly opposed to common sense, but that may yet have some truth in it. [What a pity that youth must be wasted on the young] "War is peace." "Freedom is slavery."	58
4348134722	parallelism	The use of identical or equivalent syntactic constructions in corresponding clauses or phrases	59
4348134723	parody	a humorous or satirical imitation of a serious piece of literature or writing	60
4348134724	pathos	emotional appeal and persuasion	61
4348134725	periodic sentence	sentence whose main clause is withheld until the end	62
4348134727	persona	the narrator of or a character in a literary work, sometimes identified with the author.	63
4348134730	point of view	The perspective from which a speaker or writer recounts a narrative or presents information. Depending on the topic, purpose, and audience, writers of nonfiction may rely on the first-person point of view (I, we), the second-person (you, your), or the third-person (he, she, it, they).	64
4348134731	polemic	a controversial argument, as one against some opinion, doctrine	65
4348134732	polysyndeton	Multiple coordinating conjunctions "Let the whitefolks have their money and power and segregation and sarcasm and big houses and schools and lawns like carpets, and books, and mostly--mostly--let them have their whiteness." (Maya Angelou, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, 1969)	66
4348134733	premise	a proposition supporting or helping to support a conclusion	67
4348134736	pun	A play on words in which a homophone is repeated but used in a different sense. Examples: "She was always game for any game."	68
4348134738	refutation	addresses counterargument, bridge between proof and conclusion	69
4348134739	refute	to prove to be false or erroneous, as an opinion or charge.	70
4348134740	rhetoric	The study and practice of effective communication. The study of the effects of texts on audiences. The art of persuasion. An insincere eloquence intended to win points and manipulate	71
4348134741	rhetorical appeals	ethos, pathos, logos	72
4348134742	rhetorical modes	describe the variety, conventions, and purposes of the major kinds of writing. Four of the most common rhetorical modes and their purpose are exposition, argumentation, description, and narration.	73
4348134743	rhetorical question	A trope in which the one asks a leading question. Example: "With all the violence on TV today, is it any wonder kids bring guns to school?"	74
4348134744	satire	A text or performance that uses irony, derision, or wit to expose or attack human vice, foolishness, or stupidity. With intent to improve.	75
4348134745	sarcasm	Empty irony. Meant for others to feel stupid and does not improve a situation	76
4348134746	scheme	A change in standard word order or pattern.	77
4348134747	segue	to make a transition from one thing to another smoothly and without interruption	78
4348134759	syllogism	is a kind of logical argument in which one proposition (the conclusion) is inferred from two or more others (the premises) of a specific form.	79
4348134761	synecdoche	A trope in which a part stands for the whole or a whole stands for a part. Example: "Tom just bought a fancy new set of wheels."	80
4348134762	syntax	Is the study of the rules that dictate how the parts of sentences go together.	81
4348134765	thesis	a proposition stated or put forward for consideration, especially one to be discussed and proved or to be maintained against objections	82
4348134766	tone	The atmosphere or emotion an author conveys through word choice, etc. Refers to how you say or write something. "The main factor in tone is diction, the words that the writer chooses. For one kind of writing, an author may choose one type of vocabulary, perhaps slang, and for another the same writer may choose an entirely different set of words. Even such small matters as contractions make a difference in tone, the contracted verbs being less formal.	83
4348134769	trope	The use of a word, phrase, or image in a way not intended by its normal signification.	84
4348134770	understatement	the act or an instance of understating, or representing in a weak or restrained way that is not borne out by the facts.	85
4348134771	verbal irony	Say one thing, mean the other	86
4348134772	voice	the individual writing style of an author	87
4348134774	maxim	a short, pithy statement expressing a general truth or rule of conduct	88
4348134775	relative clause	cannot stand alone, conains a subject and a verb; begins with a relative pronoun (who, whom, whose, that, or which) or a relative adverb (whre, when, why); functions as an adjective (answers, "What kind?", "How many?", "Which one?"	89
4348134778	Parody	A literary or artistic work that imitates the characteristic style of an author or a work for comic effect or ridicule.	90
4348134779	active voice	the voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of the verb is performing the action or causing the happening denoted by the verb	91
4348134780	passive voice	the voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of the verb is the recipient (not the source) of the action denoted by the verb	92

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AP Language: Figurative Language Flashcards

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6802310338	Simile Definition	- comparison using "like" or "as", must be 2 unlike objects.	0
6802310339	Simile Example	- "Trump is as orange as a cheeto."	1
6802310340	Personification Definition	- gives human qualities to objects/non-living objects. - gives power to the thing being personified.	2
6802310341	Personification Example	- "The painting spoke to me."	3
6802310342	Metaphor Definition	- comparison of 2 unlike things by saying one thing is the other.	4
6802310343	Metaphor Example	- "Her eyes were 2 bright stars in the heavens."	5
6802310344	Implied Metaphor Definition	- comparing 2 unlike things by giving one the attributes of the other.	6
6802310345	Implied Metaphor Example	- "His voice cascaded through the hallways." (rather than his voice was a cascade in the hallways)	7
6802310346	Metonymy Definition	- an entity is referred to by one of it's associations.	8
6802310347	Metonymy Example	- "school called & said we're having a snow day." - in reality, the principal called but you're associating the principal w/ the school.	9
6802310348	Synedoche Defnition	- a part of something that is used to refer to the whole.	10
6802310349	Synedoche Example	- Saying you bought a "new set of wheels" when you bought a car.	11
6802310350	Pun Definition	- the use of a word that suggests two of it's meanings or the meaning of a homonym.	12
6802310351	Pun Example	- "I would tell you a chemistry joke but all my good ones argon".	13
6802310352	Onomatopoeia Definition	- the word is the sound.	14
6802310353	Onomatopoeia Example	- BAM!! wham! SNAP!!!	15
6802310354	Hyperbole Definition	- to make an exaggeration, an intentional overstatement for dramatic effect. - should be obvious.	16
6802310355	Hyperbole Example	"I'm so hungry, I could eat a horse."	17
6802310356	Litotes Definition	- intentional understatement for ironic effect.	18
6802310357	Litotes Example	- "The woman's singing was atrocious, heinous, and inexorably penetrating. It bothered me same."	19
6802310358	Irony Definition	- words are meant to convey the opposite of their literal meaning.	20
6802310359	Irony Example	- saying "oh wonderful" after failing an exam.	21
6802310360	Oxymoron Definition	- words that have apparently contradictory meanings are placed near each other, usually to describe something.	22
6802310361	Oxymoron Example	- "jumbo shrimp", "bittersweet".	23
6802310362	Dichotamous Definition	- dual nature, can be shown through paradoxes & oxymorons.	24
6802310363	Rhetorical Question Definition	- a question that expects no response, should be very obvious.	25
6802310364	Rhetorical Question Example	- "Do I really look that dumb to you?"	26
6802310365	Paradox Definition	- a statement that contradicts itself, is illogical, or defies intuition, yet still has some truth.	27
6802310366	Paradox Example	- "I always lie."	28
6802310367	Apostrophe Definition	- when a speaker breaks off & directs their exclamation to an imaginary thing or abstract concept.	29
6802310368	Apostophe Example	- "Where O'Death, thy sting? Where, O'Death, thy victory?" (Paul in 1st Corinthians)	30
6802310369	Periphrasis Definition	- substituting a description for a proper name.	31
6802310370	Periphrasis Example	- Calling someone w/ red hair "carrot-top".	32

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AP Spanish Literature Terms Flashcards

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7233736939	vanguardismo	refers to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly in regard to art , the culture , the politics , philosophy and literature.	0
7233736940	surrealismo	an artistic movement emerged in France from Dadaism , in the early 1920s , around the personality of the poet André Breton.	1
7233736941	postmodernismo	Post-postmodernism is a term applied to a wide range of developments in critical theory , philosophy , architecture , art , the literature and culture emerging from and reacting to the postmodernism . Another recent similar term is metamodernism.	2
7233736942	neoclasicismo	emerged in the eighteenth century to describe such negative movement aesthetic that came to be reflected in the arts , intellectual principles of the Enlightenment , since the mid- eighteenth century had been going on philosophy , and consequently had been transmitted to all areas of culture . However, coinciding with the decline of Napoleon Bonaparte , Neoclassicism was losing favor for the Romanticism .	3
7233736943	costumbrismo	the literary or pictorial interpretation of local everyday life, mannerisms, and customs, primarily in the Hispanic scene, and particularly in the 19th century.	4
7233736944	culteranismo	a stylistic movement of the Baroque period of Spanish history that is also commonly referred to as Gongorismo (after Luis de Góngora). It began in the late 16th century with the writing of Luis de Góngora and lasted through the 17th century.	5
7233736945	conceptismo	a literary movement of the Baroque period of Portuguese and Spanish literature. It began in the late 16th century and lasted through the 17th century. Conceptismo is characterized by a rapid rhythm, directness, simple vocabulary, witty metaphors, and wordplay.	6
7233736946	retruécano	Juegos de palabras; inversión de los términos de una cláusula o proposición en otra subsiguiente para que esta última choque con la anterior.	7
7233736947	sinestesia	Descripción de una sensación o imagen por medio de sensaciones percibidas por distintos órganos sensoriales, por ejemplo, vista y olfato.	8
7233736948	sinécdoque	Tipo de metáfora que usa una parte o cualidad de un objeto físico para representar todo el objeto.	9
7233736949	polisíndeton	Repetición de conjunciones para alargar la frase o hacer más `solemne la expresión.	10
7233736950	paradoja	Contraposición de dos conceptos contradictorios que expresan una verdad.	11
7233736951	metonimia	Un tipo de metáfora en la que la imagen se asocia con lo representado, pero no es parte de ello; la metonimia hace que el destinatario del mensaje haga la asociación.	12
7233736952	epíteto	Palabra o frase delante o después del nombre que sirve para caracterizar al personaje	13
7233736953	cacofonía	Uso de palabras que combinan sonidos desagradables, ásperos y cortantes.	14
7233736954	asíndeton	Omisión de conjunciones o palabras para suscitar viveza o energía.	15
7233736955	ironía dramática	Circunstancia en la que el lector o espectador sabe algo desconocido por un personaje y sabe o sospecha lo que ocurrirá antes de que lo sepa el personaje.	16
7233736956	silva	Poema no estrófico que combina versos de siete y once sílabas, entrelazados por rima consonante y versos libres.	17
7233736957	narrador fidedigno	Narrador digno de confianza, cuyo entendimiento de los personajes o las acciones del relato lo acredita para contar los hechos. Se ajusta a las normas que establece el autor implícito.	18
7233736958	leitmotiv	Repetición de una palabra, frase, situación o noción. Motivo recurrente en una obra.	19
7233736959	realismo mágico	Movimiento literario hispanoamericano surgido a mediados del siglo XX, caracterizado por la introducción de elementos fantásticos —sueños, superstición, mitos, magia— inmersos en una narrativa realista. Hay antecedentes importantes en los libros de caballería, como señalan algunos de los escritores de este movimiento.	20
7233736960	pícaro	Personaje de baja condición, astuto, ingenioso y de mal vivir que protagoniza la novela picaresca	21
7233736961	novela picaresca	Género literario narrativo en prosa de carácter pseudoautobiográfico muy característico de la literatura española. Nace como parodia de las novelas idealizadoras del Renacimiento y saca la sustancia moral, social y religiosa del contraste cotidiano entre dos estamentos, el de los nobles y el de los siervos. El protagonista, un pícaro de muy bajo rango social y descendiente de padres marginados o delincuentes, pretende mejorar su suerte y para ello recurre a la astucia y el engaño.	22
7233736962	naturalismo	Corriente literaria de mediados del siglo XIX que retrata al ser humano y su circunstancia con una objetividad científica. El ser humano carece de libre albedrío; su existencia está determinada por la herencia genética y el medio en el que vive. En cuanto a temas, abundan los asuntos fuertes y las bajas pasiones.	23
7233736963	modernismo	Movimiento literario hispanoamericano cuyo mayor exponente es Rubén Darío y que funde tres movimientos franceses: parnasianismo, simbolismo y romanticismo. Emplea una rica musicalidad verbal para expresar pasiones, visiones, ritmos y armonías internos.	24
7233736964	libro de caballerías	Género literario en prosa muy popular en España a mediados del siglo XVI, que celebra las hazañas de los caballeros andantes y contrapone a la fiereza guerrera un masoquismo amoroso inspirado en el amor cortés.	25
7233736965	Generación del 98	Grupo de novelistas, poetas, ensayistas y filósofos españoles, activos durante y después de la Guerra de Cuba (1898), que restauraron a España a una prominencia intelectual y literaria. Les era de gran importancia definir a España como una entidad cultural e histórica.	26
7233736966	Edad Media (medieval)	Período comprendido entre los siglos V y XV. En España se considera que la se cierra con la llegada de Colón a tierras americanas.	27
7233736967	boom	En la literatura hispanoamericana, un momento de gran auge de la creación de obras narrativas que inicia en 1940. La producción es muy variada y muchos de sus autores crearon best sellers internacionales y traducidos a múltiples idiomas. Una de las tendencias de esta literatura se corresponde con la denominada literatura del realismo mágico.	28
7233736968	barroco	Movimiento cultural español (1580-1700) caracterizado por su complejidad y su extravagante ornamentación, cuyo propósito era asombrar e incitar introspección	29
7233736969	hipérbaton	Alteración del orden normal sintáctico de las palabras en una oración.	30
7233736970	apóstrofe	Recurso en que el hablante se dirige a personas presentes o ausentes, a seres animados o a objetos inanimados	31
7233736971	antítesis	Yuxtaposición de una palabra, frase o idea a otra de significación contraria	32
7233736972	anáfora	Repetición de palabras en una sucesión de versos o enunciados.	33
7233736973	teatro del absurdo	Obra dramática basada en una situación sin sentido, en la que los personajes se enfrentan a situaciones que muestran la insensatez de la vida en un mundo deshumanizado.	34
7233736974	soneto	Poema de procedencia italiana que consiste en catorce versos endecasílabos repartidos en dos cuartetos y dos tercetos; el esquema más común es ABBA ABBA CDC DCD; otro es ABBA ABBA CDE CDE	35

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AP Language: Figurative Language Flashcards

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6043164157	Adage	A saying or pro verb embodying a piece of common wisdom based on experience and often couched in metaphorical language.	0
6043164158	Analogy	A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. And analogy can explain something unfamiliar by associating it with or by pointing out a similarity to something more familiar. Analogies also make writing more vivid, imaginative, and intellectually engaging.	1
6043164159	Aphorism	A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or moral principle.	2
6043164160	Apostrophe	If figure of speech that directly addresses and absent or imaginary person, or a personified abstraction, such as T or love.	3
6043164161	Cliché	And overused or trite expression	4
6043164162	Euphemism	Greek for good speech. Substituting a mild, indirect, or vague term for a harsh, blunt, or offensive one.	5
6043164163	Extended metaphor	A metaphor developed a great length, appearing frequently throughout a piece	6
6043164164	Figure of Speech	A device used to produce figurate language. Many compare dissimilar things.	7
6043164165	Figurative language	Writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid.	8
6043164166	Hyperbole	A figure of speech in which an exaggeration or overstatement is used for effect.	9
6043164167	Idiom	A common expression that is acquired a meeting that differs from its literal meaning.	10
6043164168	Imagery	The sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions. On a physical level, imagery uses terms related to the five senses; we refer to visual, auditory, tactile, gustatory, or all factory imagery.	11
6043164169	Metonymy	A term from the Greek meaning change label or substitute name. Metonymy is a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it	12
6043164170	Oxymoron	From the Greek for pointedly foolish an oxymoron is a figure of speech when the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox.	13
6043164171	Paradox	A statement that appears self-contradictory or a poster common sense but on closer inspection contain some degree of truth or validity.	14
6043164172	Personification	If figure of speech in which human attributes are given to an animal, and object, or a concept.	15
6043164173	Pun	A play on words the exploits the similarity in sound between two words with distinctly different meanings.	16
6043164174	Synecdoche	A type of metaphor in which the parts dance for the whole, the hole for a part, the genius for the species, the species for the genus, the material for the thing made, or in short, any portion, section, or main quality for the whole or thing it self.	17

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AP Spanish Literature Terms Flashcards

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7208531854	vanguardismo	refers to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly in regard to art , the culture , the politics , philosophy and literature.	0
7208531855	surrealismo	an artistic movement emerged in France from Dadaism , in the early 1920s , around the personality of the poet André Breton.	1
7208531856	postmodernismo	Post-postmodernism is a term applied to a wide range of developments in critical theory , philosophy , architecture , art , the literature and culture emerging from and reacting to the postmodernism . Another recent similar term is metamodernism.	2
7208531857	neoclasicismo	emerged in the eighteenth century to describe such negative movement aesthetic that came to be reflected in the arts , intellectual principles of the Enlightenment , since the mid- eighteenth century had been going on philosophy , and consequently had been transmitted to all areas of culture . However, coinciding with the decline of Napoleon Bonaparte , Neoclassicism was losing favor for the Romanticism .	3
7208531858	costumbrismo	the literary or pictorial interpretation of local everyday life, mannerisms, and customs, primarily in the Hispanic scene, and particularly in the 19th century.	4
7208531859	culteranismo	a stylistic movement of the Baroque period of Spanish history that is also commonly referred to as Gongorismo (after Luis de Góngora). It began in the late 16th century with the writing of Luis de Góngora and lasted through the 17th century.	5
7208531860	conceptismo	a literary movement of the Baroque period of Portuguese and Spanish literature. It began in the late 16th century and lasted through the 17th century. Conceptismo is characterized by a rapid rhythm, directness, simple vocabulary, witty metaphors, and wordplay.	6
7208531861	retruécano	Juegos de palabras; inversión de los términos de una cláusula o proposición en otra subsiguiente para que esta última choque con la anterior.	7
7208531862	sinestesia	Descripción de una sensación o imagen por medio de sensaciones percibidas por distintos órganos sensoriales, por ejemplo, vista y olfato.	8
7208531863	sinécdoque	Tipo de metáfora que usa una parte o cualidad de un objeto físico para representar todo el objeto.	9
7208531864	polisíndeton	Repetición de conjunciones para alargar la frase o hacer más `solemne la expresión.	10
7208531865	paradoja	Contraposición de dos conceptos contradictorios que expresan una verdad.	11
7208531866	metonimia	Un tipo de metáfora en la que la imagen se asocia con lo representado, pero no es parte de ello; la metonimia hace que el destinatario del mensaje haga la asociación.	12
7208531867	epíteto	Palabra o frase delante o después del nombre que sirve para caracterizar al personaje	13
7208531868	cacofonía	Uso de palabras que combinan sonidos desagradables, ásperos y cortantes.	14
7208531869	asíndeton	Omisión de conjunciones o palabras para suscitar viveza o energía.	15
7208531870	ironía dramática	Circunstancia en la que el lector o espectador sabe algo desconocido por un personaje y sabe o sospecha lo que ocurrirá antes de que lo sepa el personaje.	16
7208531871	silva	Poema no estrófico que combina versos de siete y once sílabas, entrelazados por rima consonante y versos libres.	17
7208531872	narrador fidedigno	Narrador digno de confianza, cuyo entendimiento de los personajes o las acciones del relato lo acredita para contar los hechos. Se ajusta a las normas que establece el autor implícito.	18
7208531873	leitmotiv	Repetición de una palabra, frase, situación o noción. Motivo recurrente en una obra.	19
7208531874	realismo mágico	Movimiento literario hispanoamericano surgido a mediados del siglo XX, caracterizado por la introducción de elementos fantásticos —sueños, superstición, mitos, magia— inmersos en una narrativa realista. Hay antecedentes importantes en los libros de caballería, como señalan algunos de los escritores de este movimiento.	20
7208531875	pícaro	Personaje de baja condición, astuto, ingenioso y de mal vivir que protagoniza la novela picaresca	21
7208531876	novela picaresca	Género literario narrativo en prosa de carácter pseudoautobiográfico muy característico de la literatura española. Nace como parodia de las novelas idealizadoras del Renacimiento y saca la sustancia moral, social y religiosa del contraste cotidiano entre dos estamentos, el de los nobles y el de los siervos. El protagonista, un pícaro de muy bajo rango social y descendiente de padres marginados o delincuentes, pretende mejorar su suerte y para ello recurre a la astucia y el engaño.	22
7208531877	naturalismo	Corriente literaria de mediados del siglo XIX que retrata al ser humano y su circunstancia con una objetividad científica. El ser humano carece de libre albedrío; su existencia está determinada por la herencia genética y el medio en el que vive. En cuanto a temas, abundan los asuntos fuertes y las bajas pasiones.	23
7208531878	modernismo	Movimiento literario hispanoamericano cuyo mayor exponente es Rubén Darío y que funde tres movimientos franceses: parnasianismo, simbolismo y romanticismo. Emplea una rica musicalidad verbal para expresar pasiones, visiones, ritmos y armonías internos.	24
7208531879	libro de caballerías	Género literario en prosa muy popular en España a mediados del siglo XVI, que celebra las hazañas de los caballeros andantes y contrapone a la fiereza guerrera un masoquismo amoroso inspirado en el amor cortés.	25
7208531880	Generación del 98	Grupo de novelistas, poetas, ensayistas y filósofos españoles, activos durante y después de la Guerra de Cuba (1898), que restauraron a España a una prominencia intelectual y literaria. Les era de gran importancia definir a España como una entidad cultural e histórica.	26
7208531881	Edad Media (medieval)	Período comprendido entre los siglos V y XV. En España se considera que la se cierra con la llegada de Colón a tierras americanas.	27
7208531882	boom	En la literatura hispanoamericana, un momento de gran auge de la creación de obras narrativas que inicia en 1940. La producción es muy variada y muchos de sus autores crearon best sellers internacionales y traducidos a múltiples idiomas. Una de las tendencias de esta literatura se corresponde con la denominada literatura del realismo mágico.	28
7208531883	barroco	Movimiento cultural español (1580-1700) caracterizado por su complejidad y su extravagante ornamentación, cuyo propósito era asombrar e incitar introspección	29
7208531884	hipérbaton	Alteración del orden normal sintáctico de las palabras en una oración.	30
7208531885	apóstrofe	Recurso en que el hablante se dirige a personas presentes o ausentes, a seres animados o a objetos inanimados	31
7208531886	antítesis	Yuxtaposición de una palabra, frase o idea a otra de significación contraria	32
7208531887	anáfora	Repetición de palabras en una sucesión de versos o enunciados.	33
7208531888	teatro del absurdo	Obra dramática basada en una situación sin sentido, en la que los personajes se enfrentan a situaciones que muestran la insensatez de la vida en un mundo deshumanizado.	34
7208531889	soneto	Poema de procedencia italiana que consiste en catorce versos endecasílabos repartidos en dos cuartetos y dos tercetos; el esquema más común es ABBA ABBA CDC DCD; otro es ABBA ABBA CDE CDE	35

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