AP Government Court Cases

6828143	Marbury V Madison	This case establishes the Supreme Court's power of Judicial Review
6828144	McCullough V Maryland	In establishing a national bank, Congress was legally exercising its enumerated powers not sepcifically mentioned in the Constitution.
6828145	Cohen V Virginia	Established the authority of the court to review state criminal cases on appeal
6828146	Gibbons V Ogden	Regulating interstate commerce is a power reserved to the federal government
6828147	Dred Scott 1857	Outlawed Missouri Compromise. Denial of slavery was a 5th amendment property violation. Blacks were NOT citizens
6828148	Plessy V Ferguson 1896	Seperate but equal facilities based upon race is constitutional
6828149	Schenk v. U.S. 1919	Congress has the right to prohibit speech that causes a "clear and present danger"
6828150	West Virginia Board of Education v. Barnette (1943)	Students in public schools may not be compelled to recite the Pledge of Allegiance
6828151	Korematsu v. U.S.	The court ruled that the ordering of Japanese=Americans into internment camps was constitutional
6828152	Brown V Board 1954	Segregation in SCHOOLS is a violation of the 14th amendment
6828153	Mapp V Ohio	Established the exclusionary rule was applicable to the states (evidence seized illegally cannot be used in court)
6828154	Engle V Vitale	Mandatory prayer in schools is a violation of the establishment clause
6828155	Gideon V Wainright 1963	If a defendant cannot afford an attorney the state must provide one
6828156	Griswold V Connecticut	Established that there is an implied right to privacy in the U.S. Constitution
6828157	Miranda V Arizona	The accused must be notified of their rights before being questioned by the police
6828158	Tinker	Though they can be restricted, "students do not leave their constitutional rights at the schoolhouse door"
6828159	Lemon V Kurtzman	Law must be clearly secular, not prohibiting or inhibiting religion, and there should be no excessive entanglement
6828160	Roe V Wade 1973	Abortion rights fall within the privacy implied in the 14th amendment
6828161	U.S. V Nixon	"Executive privilege" is not unlimited
6828162	Gregg V Georgia 1976	Death penalty is not "cruel and unusual punishment" in cases of murder
6828163	Regents of California V Bakke	Race can not be the only factor in college admissions, there can be no quotas.
6828164	South Dakota V Dole	Federal government allowed to use spending power to influence state policy for the public wefare (drinking age went up in the states in order to get federal funding)
6828165	Texas V Johnson 1984	Flag burning is protected speech
6828166	Webster v. Reproductive Health Services (1989)	States can place restrictions on abortions (viability tests, no use of public facilities for abortions, no counseling to have abortions)
6828167	Clinton V Jones	A sitting president is not immune to civil litigation except in extraordinary circumstances
6828168	Reno V ACLU 1996	Federal law designed to prohibit "indecency" on the internet was unconstitutional
6828169	Clinton V New York City 1997	Ruled that the law granting the president the line item-veto was unconstitutional
6828170	Bush V Gore 2001	Hand-counting in Florida was a violation of Equal Protection clause, made George W. Bush the winner of the 2000 election
6828171	Grutter v. Bollinger (2003)	Race can be used as a factor for admission into a public law school as long as the policy is "narrowly tailored"
6828172	Kelo V New London 2005	"Eminent Domain" may be used to take private property for the public good even if this means giving it to private developers
6829590	Wesberry V Sanders	One person, one vote (in redistricting for federal elections, each congressional district was to be approximately the same) In Georgia, the 5th district had 3 to 4 times more people than did the other districts.
6829591	Buckley V Valeo	Candidates can use as much of their own money on their own campaigns.
6829592	Baker V Carr	One person one vote-state elections (Warren Court's judicial activism.)
6829593	New York Times V Sullivan	Libel case-writer did it with intent to defame-knew it was false-wrote it with malicious intent. Public officials/figures have less privacy rights.
6849020	Printz V United States 1997	Using the Necessary and Proper Clause of Article I as justification, Congress CAN NOT require state officials to regulate handgun purchases by performing those duties called for by the Brady Bill's handgun applicant background-checks?
6849021	United States V Morrison 2000	Congress DOES NOT have the authority to enact the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 under either the Commerce Clause or Fourteenth Amendment?
6849022	Smith V Allright 1944	Outlawed all white primaries
6850255	U.S. Term Limits Inc. Thornton 1995	States CAN NOT alter qualifications for the U.S. Congress that are specifically enumerated in the Constitution?
6890086	Near V Minnesota	the 1931 Supreme Court decision holding that the first amendment protects newspapers from prior restraint.
6916666	Miller V California	1973 ruling that determined the obscenity clause to related to works that lack literary, artisitic, political or scientific value. (LAPS test)
6916667	Palko v. Connecticut (1937)	Provided test for determining which parts of Bill of Rights should be applicable to the states - those which are fundamently necessary for liberty to exist.
6916668	Epperson V Arkansas 1968	Prohibited states from banning the teaching of evolution.
6916669	Webster v. Reproductive Health Services (1987)	More leeway for states in regulation abortion, though no overturning of Roe v. Wade. Upholds MO law prohibiting abortion in public hospitals; shift in composition of court. (Later cases allow 24-hour waiting periods, parental consent for minors, etc.)
6916670	Shaw V Reno 1993	NO racial gerrymandering; race cannot be the sole or predominant factor in redrawing legislative boundaries; majority-minority districts.
6916671	U.S. Lopez 1995	Gun Free School Zones Act exceeded Congress' authority to regulate interstate commerce.
6916672	Barron V Baltimore 1833	Bill of Rights was NOT applicable to the states