Chapter 7 Study Guide: Human Memory Encoding: Forming a memory code. Attention: Focusing awareness on a narrowed range of stimuli or events. It is like a filter that screens out most potential stimuli while allowing a select few to pass through to conscious awareness. Selective Attention: Filtering out the potential stimulus around you to focus on a very narrow range of stimuli. Early-Selection: Suggests that the filter of attention is placed after sensory detection and before recognition of meaning. Late-Selection: Suggests that the filter is placed after recognition of meaning but before response selection (i.e. Cocktail Party Phenomenon). Levels-Of-Processing Theory: Proposes that deeper levels of processing result in longer-lasting memory codes.