Explain the political, social, economic factors that led to Italian and German unification. What problems did each nation face after unification and how did they deal with it? Introduction: During the late 1800?s, a new group of leaders practiced what they called realpolitik which means ?the politics of reality?. As nationalism grew in strength, it destroyed the balance of power that Metternich carefully established. Both potential nations, threatened the future of the Austrian- Hungarian Empire. Italy becomes a nation Why was Italy not unified? Separate city-states Foreign control (Austria threatened Italy) North wealthier than south Geography separated people Why to Unify? Same religion (99.5 % Catholic) Culture (food) Nationalism Germany becomes a nation