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In the second half of the 19th century, it was the fundamental change in the way goods were produced through the use of machines, capital, and the centralization of work forces in factories. It completely altered the social, economic, and political structure of most of Europe, Japan, and the United States.
A Mesoamerican civilization of South America, centered in Peru. The Inca ruled a large empire and had many cultural and scientific achievements including an elaborate road system, architecture, and terrace farming. The arrival of the Spanish Conquistadores ended their empire in the 15th century.
The complete control of a weaker nationﾒs social, economic, and political life by a stronger nation.
System of food production for prehistoric peoples. Involves hunting animals and gathering foods grown in the wild.
Term given to lands in present day Israel that is significant to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
An association of merchants or craftspeople in medieval Europe, formed to make regulations and set standards for a particular trade or craft.
The economic program designed to increase farm and industrial output though the creation of communes. Communes are similar to Soviet collectives in that groups of people live and work together on government owned farms and in government owned industry.
(1929-1939) The dramatic decline in the worldﾒs economy due to the United Stateﾒs stock market crash of 1929, the overproduction of goods from World War I, and decline in the need for raw materials from non industrialized nations. Results in millions of people losing their jobs as banks and businesses closed around the world. Many people were reduced to homelessness, and had to rely on government sponsored soup kitchens to eat. World trade also declined as many countries imposed protective tariffs in an attempt to restore their economies.
a person or body of people who have the power to make and enforce laws for a country or area.
A time in a culture of high achievement in arts, literature, and science. Generally occurs in times of peace.
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