Holy Land
Term given to lands in present day Israel that is significant to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
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Economics System
guild
An association of merchants or craftspeople in medieval Europe, formed to make regulations and set standards for a particular trade or craft.
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Great Leap Forward
The economic program designed to increase farm and industrial output though the creation of communes. Communes are similar to Soviet collectives in that groups of people live and work together on government owned farms and in government owned industry.
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Great Depression
(1929-1939) The dramatic decline in the worldﾒs economy due to the United Stateﾒs stock market crash of 1929, the overproduction of goods from World War I, and decline in the need for raw materials from non industrialized nations. Results in millions of people losing their jobs as banks and businesses closed around the world. Many people were reduced to homelessness, and had to rely on government sponsored soup kitchens to eat. World trade also declined as many countries imposed protective tariffs in an attempt to restore their economies.
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government
a person or body of people who have the power to make and enforce laws for a country or area.
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golden age
A time in a culture of high achievement in arts, literature, and science. Generally occurs in times of peace.
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Ghana
One of the west African Trading Kingdoms. They were rich in gold and established a vast trading network across the Sahara desert.
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fundamental
Affecting the underlying principles or structure of something.
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French Revolution
Political revolution in France starting in 1789 that brought about many changes in France. The revolution ultimately ended with a dictatorship under Napoleon Bonaparte before his defeat by the combined powers of Europe.
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Four Modernizations
An economic and social program that called for limited privatization of agriculture and industry, encouraged foreign investment and foreign trade, and resulted in a boost for the Chinese economy. Unlike the Great Leap Forward, the Four Modernizations was an economic success.
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Pages
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