| 104669224 | Dar al Islam | an Arabic term that means the "house of Islam" and that refers to lands under Islamic rule | |
| 104669225 | Islam | the monotheistic religion of Muslims founded in Arabia in the 7th century and based on the teachings of Muhammad as laid down in the Koran; | |
| 104669226 | Muslim | A follower of Islam, means "one who has submitted" | |
| 104669227 | Umma | the Muslim community | |
| 104669228 | Koran (Qu'ran) | the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina | |
| 104669229 | Five Pillars | Basic rules of Islam. 1. Profession of faith 2. Pray five times a day 3. Give alms (give money) 4. Ramadan fast 5. Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca). | |
| 104669230 | Shari'a | the code of law derived from the Koran and from the teachings and example of Mohammad | |
| 104669231 | Mecca | City in western Arabia; birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad, and ritual center of the Islamic religion. | |
| 104669232 | ka'ba | ("cube") a pre-Islamic cubed building in mecca believed by Muslims to have been built by Abraham. It is the center of the Muslim Pilgrimage | |
| 104669233 | Medina | City in western Arabia to which the Prophet Muhammad and his followers emigrated in 622 to escape persecution in Mecca. | |
| 104669234 | hijra | The Migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in A.D. 622, marking the founding of Islam or pilgrimage | |
| 104669235 | jihad | a holy war waged by Muslims against other people; south Africa used to spread them | |
| 104669236 | theocracy | ruled by religious leaders | |
| 104669237 | caliph | the civil and religious leader of a Muslim state considered to be a representative of Allah on earth | |
| 104669238 | caliphate | Office established in succession to the Prophet Muhammad, to rule the Islamic empire; also the name of that empire. Caesaraphathest | |
| 104669239 | sunni | leader of Umma, A branch of Islam whose members acknowledge the first four caliphs as the rightful successors of Muhammad | |
| 104669240 | shi'ite | A group of Islamic religion that believes that its religious leader should be chosen based on heredity. | |
| 104669241 | umayyad caliphate | I ♥ Arabs excited about money; tribes or pastorals; big groups; pay tax for religions freedom | |
| 104669242 | addasid caliphate | I ♥ All Muslims; cosmopolitan; lots of killing; Turkic Worriers | |
| 104669243 | House of Wisdom | library; cosmopolitan; hospital | |
| 104669244 | Islamic Art | geometric, intricate, colorful, symmetrical, repetitive, no blank space, includes calligraphy, will NEVER see a picture of Muhammad of Allah | |
| 104669245 | Dome of the Rock | muslim holy site in Jerusalem | |
| 104669246 | Sufi | A Muslim who seeks to achieve direct contact with God through mystical means; missionaries of Islam | |
| 104669247 | Women of Islam | status good at 1st but once they became a civilization woman status worsen kept in house and covered up in vales | |
| 104669248 | Mamluks | Turkics of Central Asia military slaves who formed an important part of the armed forces of the Abbasid Caliphate. | |
| 104669249 | Seljuks | Turks who converted to Islam and migrated into Abbasid empire | |
| 104669250 | Middle Ages | the period of history between classical antiquity and the Italian Renaissance; unstable,feudal, decentralized,weak-economy, western Rome empire | |
| 104669251 | Feudalism | A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land | |
| 104669252 | Manorialism | An economic system based on the manor and lands including a village and surrounding acreage which were administered by a lord. It developed during the Middle Ages to increase agricultural production. | |
| 104669253 | Great Schism (1054) | First major split in the Church; Pope vs. orthodox church | |
| 104669254 | Orthodox Christian | Constantinople , religion of Byzantine empire | |
| 104669255 | Patriarch | a man who is older and higher in rank than yourself | |
| 104669256 | Justinian | one of the greatest Byzantine emperors; justinian code, hagia sophia, theodora, reconquering Italy | |
| 104669257 | Roman Catholicism | the beliefs and practices of the Catholic Church based in Rome, the faith, practice, and system of government of the Roman Catholic Church. | |
| 104669258 | Pope | the head of the Roman Catholic Church | |
| 104669259 | Kievian Rus | he traded furs; shacked by the Mongols | |
| 104669260 | Prince Vladimir | Ruler of Kiev who converts to eastern orthodox Christianity rather than roman catholic; influenced Russians to convert to Christianity. | |
| 104669261 | Carolingian Dynasty | a Frankish dynasty founded by Charlemagne's father that ruled from 751 to 987 created Moscow city | |
| 104669262 | Charlemagne | Frankish king who conquered most of Europe and was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Leo III in the year 800 | |
| 104669263 | Holy Roman Empire | the lands ruled by Charlemagne;European political unit | |
| 104669264 | Noble | having or showing or indicative of high or elevated character | |
| 104669265 | Vassal | a person under the protection of a feudal lord to whom he or she owes allegiance; a subordinate or dependent; a servant | |
| 104669266 | Peasant | a poor person who lives on and farms the land | |
| 104669267 | serf | (Middle Ages) a person who is bound to the land and owned by the feudal lord | |
| 104669268 | fief | a piece of land held under the feudal system | |
| 104669269 | code of chivalry | a code of behavior that governed the aspect of all knights behavior | |
| 104669270 | Primogeniture | right of inheritance belongs exclusively to the eldest son | |
| 104669271 | hanseatic league | an organization of cities in northern germany and southern scandinavia to create a commercial alliance near the baltic sea | |
| 104669272 | vikings | Scandinavian pirates who plundered the coasts of Europe from the 8th to 10th centuries. | |
| 104669273 | crusades | 1096 Christian Europe aim to reclaim Jerusalem and aid they Byzantines; 1st success and the rest a failure; weakens the Byzantines; opens up trade | |
| 104669274 | scholasticism | A philosophical and theological system, associated with Thomas Aquinas, devised to reconcile Aristotelian philosophy and Roman Catholic theology in the thirteenth century. (p. 408) | |
| 104669275 | new monarchs | Monarchies that took measures to limit the power of the Roman Catholic Church within their countries. | |
| 104669276 | inquisition | church court set up to stamp out heresy | |
| 104669277 | william the conqueror | duke of Normandy who led the Norman invasion of England and became the first Norman to be King of England | |
| 104669278 | normans | a member of a Viking people who raided and then settled in the French province later known as Normandy, and who invaded England in 1066 | |
| 104669279 | magna Carta | This document, signed by King John of England in 1215, is the cornerstone of English justice and law. It declared that the king and government were bound by the same laws as other citizens of England. It contained the antecedents of the ideas of due process and the right to a fair and speedy trial that are included in the protection offered by the U.S. Bill of Rights | |
| 104669280 | hundred year's war | the series of wars between England and France, 1337-1453, in which England lost all its possessions in France except Calais. | |
| 104669281 | Muslim Cordoba Spain | it was capital of an Islamic caliphate | |
| 104669282 | Reconquista | The effort by Christian leaders to drive the Muslims out of Spain, lasting from the 1100s until 1492. | |
| 104669283 | Czar Ivan 3 ( the terrible) | formed new trading connections,1552 he defeated the Kazan Khanate, whose armies had repeatedly devastated the Northeast of Russia,1556, he annexed the Astrakhan Khanate and destroyed the largest slave market ,and Sinai, brought the patriarch a fur coat and an icon sent by the Tsar, and left an interesting account of its two and half years' travels. | |
| 104669284 | romanesque | Style of church architecture using round arches, domes, thick walls, and small windows; , Style of church architecture using round arches, domes, thick walls, and small windows | |
| 104669285 | gothic architecture | characterized by pointed arches, high ceilings, flying buttresses, and large stained-glass windows | |
| 104669286 | Sui | was a short-lived Imperial Chinese dynasty which unified China in the 6th century. Preceded by the Southern and Northern Dynasties, it ended nearly four centuries of division between rival regimes. It was followed by the Tang Dynasty.
Founded by Emperor Wen of Sui, the Sui Dynasty capital was at Luoyang. His reign saw the reunification of Southern and Northern China and the construction of the Grand Canal. | |
| 104669287 | Tang Dynasty | Buddhism along Silk Rd., burning of monasteries, tribute system, high women's status(Wu Zhao) | |
| 104669288 | Song Dynasty | Commercial revolution, movable type, foot binding, neo-confucianism | |
| 104669289 | Zen buddhism | a Buddhist doctrine that enlightenment can be attained through direct intuitive insight | |
| 104669290 | shinto | A Japanese religion whose followers believe that all things in the natural world are filled with divine spirits | |
| 104669291 | Chinese diffusion to Japan during Tang/Nara Period | Buddhism | |
| 104669292 | Heian Japan | (794-1185 C.E.) local rulers on the island of Honshu recognized the emperor as Japan's supreme political authority, but, unlike China, Japanese emperors rarely ruled; they only acted as figure heads. Fujiwara family had the power. Two sections of rule: imperial house and ruling parties and factions. Culture of Heian was influenced by Chinese traditions. | |
| 104669293 | Fujiwara | Japanese aristocratic family in mid-9th century; exercised exceptional influence over imperial affairs; aided in decline of imperial power | |
| 104669294 | shogun | a hereditary military dictator of Japan | |
| 104669295 | daimyo | a japanese feudal lord who commanded a private army of samurai | |
| 104669296 | samurai | member of the warrior class in Japanese feudal society | |
| 104669297 | genghis khan | A Mongolian general and emperor of the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries, known for his military leadership and great cruelty. He conquered vast portions of northern China and southwestern Asia. | |
| 104669298 | kublai khan | Mongolian emperor of China and grandson of Genghis Khan who completed his grandfather's conquest of China, Mongol ruler, he completed the conquest of China and founded the Yuan dynasty | |
| 104669299 | mongol empire | trade, disease, pax mongolica ,golden horde, Ilkhans , tactics | |
| 104669300 | yuan dynasty | Dynasty in China set up by the Mongols under the leadership of Kublai Khan, replaced the Song (1279-1368) | |
| 104669301 | delhi sultanate | A Muslim leader of Ghur who defeated Hindu armies made Delhi, the third largest city of India, his capital. | |
| 104669302 | tamerlane | a Mongol conqueror who had destroyed entire cities and killed all the people in the Middle East and Asia | |
| 104669303 | swahili coast | East African shores of the Indian Ocean between the Horn of Africa and the Zambezi River; from the Arabic sawahil, meaning 'shores.' | |
| 104669304 | southernization | Developments that were first made in Southern Asia and then spread to other places through trade and conquest | |
| 104669305 | Great Zimbabwe | City, now in ruins (in the modern African country of Zimbabwe), whose many stone structures were built between about 1250 and 1450, when it was a trading center and the capital of a large state. | |
| 104669306 | Ghana | the first West African kingdom based on the gold and salt trade, First known kingdom in sub-Saharan West Africa between the sixth and thirteenth centuries C.E. Also the modern West African country once known as the Gold Coast. (p. 215) | |
| 104669307 | Mali | Empire created by indigenous Muslims in western Sudan of West Africa from the thirteenth to fifteenth century. It was famous for its role in the trans-Saharan gold trade. | |
| 104669308 | Mansa Musa | this Mali king brought Mali to its peak of power and wealth from 1312 the 1337; he was the most powerful king in west africa | |
| 104669309 | Songhai | a West African empire that conquered Mali and controlled trade from the 1400s to 1591 | |
| 104669310 | benin | In forest of niger delta, rulers called oba (also descents of Ife), major trade center, had sculptures, ivory furs, died out because of slave trade. | |
| 104669311 | Kongo | the Bantu language spoken by the Kongo people living in the tropical forests of Zaire and Congo and Angola, Established diplomatic and commercial relations with Portugal, 1482 | |
| 104669313 | Aztecs | (1200-1521) 1300, they settled in the valley of Mexico. Grew corn. Engaged in frequent warfare to conquer others of the region. Worshipped many gods (polytheistic). Believed the sun god needed human blood to continue his journeys across the sky. Practiced human sacrifices and those sacrificed were captured warriors from other tribes and those who volunteered for the honor. | |
| 104669315 | tenochtitlan | Capital of the Aztec Empire, located on an island in Lake Texcoco. Its population was about 150,000 on the eve of Spanish conquest. Mexico City was constructed on its ruins. | |
| 104669318 | Incas | A Native American people who built a notable civilization in western South America in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The center of their empire was in present-day Peru. Francisco Pizarro of Spain conquered the empire. | |
| 104669320 | Machu Picchu | Incan city,built of stone not from the mountain it's on,crossbeam at the entrance weighs several tons,still standing | |
| 104669322 | Atlantic System | The network of trading links after 1500 that moved goods, wealth, people, and cultures around the Atlantic Ocean basin. | |
