| 473835498 | neutral | taking neither side in the conflict
ex. Quakers | |
| 473835499 | At first the ______ had an overwhelming advantage in the war. | British | |
| 473835500 | mercenaries | hired soldiers; Americans called the mercenaries Hessians after the region in Germany where most of them lived | |
| 473835501 | Lord Dunmore | the royal governor of Virginia announced that enslaved people who fought on the British side would be freed | |
| 473835502 | The British relied on______ or as the Americans call them_________, where as the Americans relied on _____________ who were fighting for _______________. | mercenaries, hessians, their own troops, freedom on their own land | |
| 473835503 | the Americans' greatest advantage was probably their leader,_____________ | George Washington | |
| 473835504 | The American Revolution was really _____ separate wars, as a result, the continental congress experienced difficulty _______________ and ____________________. | 13, enlisting soldiers, raising money for the war | |
| 473835505 | Margaret Corbin | of Pennsylvania accompanied her husband in battle, when he died, she took his place in war | |
| 473835506 | Mary Ludwig Hays McCauley | also accompanied her husband in war, she carried water pitchers to the soldiers | |
| 473835507 | Mary Ludwig Lays McCauley was also known as | Molly Pitcher or "Moll of the Pitcher" | |
| 473835508 | Deborah Sampson | of Massachusetts disguised herself as a boy and went to war | |
| 473835509 | General William Howe | the British commander in the Battle of Long Island | |
| 473835510 | Nathan Hale | a teacher from Connecticut, he volunteered to spy on British troops and disguised himself as a dutch school teacher, but was later hanged | |
| 473835511 | By the war's end every state except ______enlisted African Americans to fight. | South Carolina | |
| 473835512 | The British did not expect to fight in the battle at Trenton because of... | winter | |
| 473835513 | The British sent reinforcements during the battle at Trenton under command of ___________. | Lord Charles Cornwallis | |
| 473835514 | General Howe captured _________. | Philadelphia | |
| 473835515 | Forces led by_____________forced the British at Fort Stanwix, New York to retreat. | Benedict Arnold | |
| 473835516 | Burogyne captured ___________but was slowed down because he carried luxury goods and ended up sending troops and Native Americans to capture the American supply and ended up being attacked by the __________________. | Fort Ticonderoga, Green Mountain Boys | |
| 473835517 | American troops under the command of __________________blocked the path to the south causing trouble for Burgoyne at Saratoga, New York. | General Horatio Gates | |
| 473835518 | The British planned to separate the ________ from the __________ by gaining control of the ______________. | New England, Middle Colonies, Hudson River | |
| 473835519 | General Howe resigned as commander of the British troops in America and was replaced by _______________. | General Henry Clinton | |
| 473835520 | recruit | to enlist | |
| 473835521 | What were the strengths of the British military forces? | they had the strongest navy in the world; an experienced, well trained army; the wealth of a worldwide empire; had a much larger population | |
| 473835522 | What were the strengths of the American military forces? | they were fighting on their own land; their soldiers were fighting for freedom, not money; George Washington was their leader | |
| 473835523 | What problems did the Continental Congress face in raising an army to fight during the American Revolution? | it was difficult enlisting soldiers and raising money to fight the war | |
| 473835524 | Explain why African Americans were willing to enlist in the Continental Army. | some fought to earn their freedom, others believed in the Patriots' cause or they needed money | |
| 473835525 | Describe the Battle of Long Island | Washington and the Patriots had fewer than 20,000 troops; happened in late August, outnumbered and outmaneuvered, the Continental Army suffered a serious defeat and the British won | |
| 473835526 | Describe the battle at Trenton/Princeton | the British army settled in New York for the winter of 1776, leaving some troops in New Jersey at Trenton and Princeton; on Christmas night 1776, Washington took 2,400 troops and surprised the British at Trenton the next day capturing more than 900 Hessians | |
| 473835527 | The ______ gave the Americans money secretly, but they had not committed to an alliance. | French | |
| 473835528 | French alliance with the Americans | the French realized that the Americans had a chance of defeating Britain after the victory at Saratoga; French declared war on Britain and sent money, equipment, and troops to aid the American Patriots | |
| 473835529 | _______ did not recognized American independence until after the Revolution. | Spain | |
| 473835530 | ________________, the Spanish governor of Louisiana raised an army. | Bernardo de Gálvez | |
| 473835531 | Gálvez's soldiers forced British troops from ___________ and _________. | Baton Rouge, Natchez | |
| 473835532 | Gálvez's army captured British forts at ________ in _____ and ________ in _____. | Mobile, 1780, Pensacola, 1781 | |
| 473835533 | Washington set up a camp at _______ ______, about ___ miles to the west of the British. | Valley Forge, 20 | |
| 473835534 | Marquis de Lafayette | a French nobleman spent the winter at Valley Forge, he offered his services and became one of Washington's trusted aides | |
| 473835535 | Friedrich von Steuben | a former army officer from Germany, taught troops at Valley Forge military discipline | |
| 473835536 | Juan de Miralles | arrived in Philadelphia in 1778 as a representative of Spain | |
| 473835537 | Judith Sargeant Murray | of Massachusetts argued that woman's minds are as good as men's | |
| 473835538 | Abigail Adams | also championed woman's interests; she wrote to her husband, John Adams, a member of the Second Continental Congress | |
| 473835539 | In 1778, _____ _______ ______ of New Jersey asked the legislature to free all enslaved people in the state. | Governor William Livingston | |
| 473835540 | desert | left without permission | |
| 473835541 | inflation | took more and more money to buy same amount of food | |
| 473835542 | Explain why the French did not publicly support the Americans until after the Battle of Saratoga. | now the French realized that the Americans had a chance at beating the British | |
| 473835543 | How were the Loyalists treated by the Patriots during the war? | their neighbors shunned them, some became victims of mob violence, some who actively helped the British could be arrested and tried as traitors | |
| 473835544 | What happened when the Continental Congress tried to finance the war by printing money? | no one used it and it led to inflation | |
| 473835545 | Joseph Brant | Mohawk chief, led a number of brutal attacks in southwestern New York and northern Pennsylvania | |
| 473835546 | Henry Hamilton | commanded Detroit, the main British base in the West (on the British side) | |
| 473835547 | George Rogers Clark (patriot) | a lieutenant colonel in the Virginia militia, set out to end the British attacks on western settlers | |
| 473835548 | Clark and 175 soldiers captured the British town of _____________ in present day Indiana. | Vincennes | |
| 473835549 | John Paul Jones | he sailed in an old French ship that Benjamin Frankin had obtained, Jones named it Bonhomme Richard, then Bonhomme Richard and Serapis attacked, in the end Serapis surrendered, but Bonhomme Richard sank afterward | |
| 473835550 | General Charles Cornwallis | was in command of the British forces in the South | |
| 473835551 | General Horatio Gates and Cornwallis fought at _________, South Carolina. | Camden | |
| 473835552 | guerrilla warfare | hit-and-run technique | |
| 473835553 | Francis Marion | a successful guerrilla leader, operated out the swamps of eastern South Carolina, aka "Swamp Fox" | |
| 473835554 | At _______ ________, a British officer and more than 1,000 Loyalists defended an outpost against the attack of Patriot sharpshooters. | Kings Mountain | |
| 473835555 | In October 1780, ______ _______ replaced Gates as commander of the Continental forces in the South. | Nathanael Greene | |
| 473835556 | In January 1781, one section of the army, led by _________ _____ _____, defeated the British at __________, South Carolina. | General Daniel Morgan, Cowpens | |
| 473835557 | In March, Greene reunited his forces to meet Cornwallis' army at _________ ________, in present-day Greensboro, North Carolina. | Guilford Courthouse | |
| 473835558 | blockade | cut off an area by means of troops or warships to stop supplies or people from coming in or going out; to close off a country's ports | |
| 473835559 | privateer | armed private ship | |
| 473835560 | guerrilla warfare | a hit-and-run technique used to fighting a war; fighting by small bands of warriors using tactics such as sudden ambushes | |
| 473835561 | Explain why most Native Americans sided with the British in the conflict. | because the British seemed to present less of a threat than the Americans did | |
| 473835562 | How did the British navy use the location of the colonies to their advantage? | the British blocked the American waterway, keeping the ships of the Patriots and the ships of their allies from entering or leaving American harbors | |
| 473835563 | Why was the guerrilla warfare effective against the British? | because it was quick, fast, and unexpected, plus the Patriots knew the land and knew where to hid | |
| 473835564 | The results of the battle at Guilford Courthouse was... | Greene's army was forced to retreat and Cornwallis abandoned the North Carolina campaign | |
| 473835565 | The French warships appeared in the waters off ________, containing more than 5,000 soldiers under the command of the French general, _______ __ _________. | Newport, Comte de Rochambeau | |
| 473835566 | ratify | to approve | |
| 473835567 | ambush | surprise attack | |
| 473835568 | In August 1781, Washington learned that _________ _______ __ _______, the French naval commander, was heading toward Chesapeake Bay instead of New York. | Admiral Francois de Grasse | |
| 473835569 | The Yorktown plan worked... | 16,000 Americans trapped Cornwallis' 7,500 troops | |
| 473835570 | The Treaty of Paris (1783) had five parts: | 1. Britain recognized the U.S. as an independent nation
2. The U.S. knew it's land extended from the Atlantic Ocean west to the Mississippi River and from Canada in the north to Spanish Florida
3. The British promised to withdraw all their troops from American territory and allowed to fish off the coast of Cananda
4. U.S. agreed that British merchants could collect on debts owned by Americans
5. Property was given back to the Loyalists | |
| 473835571 | America won the war against the world's strongest power... | 1. Americans fought on their own land
2. They controlled the country side
3. Help from other nations contributed to victory
4. People fought battles with determination and belief in their ideals | |
| 473835572 | Describe how the French navy helped George Washington at Yorktown. | by bringing more than 5,000 soldiers to Newport, Rhode Island | |
| 473835573 | What influence did the American Revolution have around the world? | it repeated the principles of the American Declaration of Independence | |
