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Chapter 2: The Planting of the English America Flashcards

Mrs. Civitella
Per. 08
Advanced Placement US History
Grade 11
State of Pennsylvania
The American Pageant
Chapter 2: The Planting of the English America, 1500-1733

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902427472Lord De La WarrHarsh military governor of Virginia who employed "Irish tactics" against the Indians
902427473PocahontasPowhattan's daughter that saved John Smith and married John Rolfe as de facto Peace Agreement of the First-Anglo Powhattan War
902427474Powhattanthe powerful, charismatic chief of numerous Alqoniuian-speaking towns in eastern Virginia, representing over 10,000 Indians in the James River area of Virginia
902427475John Rolfebecame the 2nd leader of Jamestown and saved the colony by making the first pleasant tasting tobacco
902427476Walter RaleighDiscovered Roanoke island in 1585 (failed first settlement)
902427478John Smithenglish adventurer that created Jamestown
902427479Joint-Stock CompanyForerunner of the modern corporation that enabled Investors to pool financial capital for colonial ventures
902427480Slaverythe state of being under the control of another person
902427481Enclosurethe state of being enclosed, esp. in a religious community.
902427482House of BurgessesThe london company authorized settlers to summon an assembly to meet to set a minimum price for the sale of tobacco (consisted of 22 men)
902427483Royal Charter of VirginiaRoyal document granting specified group the right to form a colony and guaranteeing settlers their rights as Englishmen as at home
902427484Slave codeslaws which each US state, or colony, enacted which defined the status of slaves and the rights of masters. Such codes gave slave-owners absolute power over their human property.
902427485Yeomanofficer in the (ceremonial) bodyguard of the British monarch
902427486Proprietor(law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business
902427487Longhousethe traditional dwelling of the Iroquois and other North American Indians.
902427488SquatterPoor farmers in North Carolina and elsewhere who occupied land and raised crops without gaining legal title to the soil
902427489PrimogenitureLAW WHICH REQUIRED THAT ESTATES BE PASSED ON TO THE ELDEST SON ONLY
902427490Indentured ServitudePenniless people obligated to forced labor for a fixed number of years, often in exchange for passage to the New World
902427491Starving timeat Jamestown in the Colony of Virginia was a period of forced starvation initiated by the Powhatan Confederacy to remove the English from Virginia. The campaign killed all but 60 of the 500 colonists during the winter of 1609-1610.
902427492Anglo-Powhatan WarName of two wars, fought in 1614 and 1644, between the English in Jamestown and the nearby Indian leader
906005734Maryland Act of Toleration (1649)Maryland statute of 1649 that granted religious freedom to all Christians, but not Jews and Atheists
902427495Barbados Slave CodeThe harsh system of Barbados law governing African labor officially adopted by South Carolina in 1696
902427496Virginia Companyrefers collectively to a pair of English joint stock companies chartered by James I on 10 April 1606 with the purposes of establishing settlements on the coast of North America
902427497Restorationperiod of english colonization; once the monarchy was restored under Charles II; Carolina, New York, PA, DE New Jersey and Georgia
902427498Savannah IndiansThe indians orginated in George and helped the english kill indians
902427499Iroquois Confederacyconsisted of native americans the northeast coast
902427500Pilgrimssome one who journeys to a sacred place as an act of religious devotion {SEPARATISTS]
902427501African Diasporathe dispersion or spreading of something that was originally localized (as a people or language or culture)
9024275021585Sir Walter Raleigh unsuccesful attempts an English settlement on Roanoke Island
902427503May 14, 1607Jamestown Created Charter of the Virginia Company guaranteed the settlers the same rights as Englishmen as at home
902427504Irish Tacticsbrutal tactics orginating from the harsh war in ireland used by Lord De La Warr to make the settlers go back to Jamestown
9024275051619First representative government (House of Burgesses) created & First slave ship carrying african slaves arrived in Virginia
9024275061650300 Blacks are counted among the Census in this year
9024275071685The english considered the Powhattan extinct in this year
9024275081700Census records indicate that Blacks made up 14% of Virginia's population in this year
902427509Describe the Powhatan rotated the landLand was farmed in, when necessary. Created hunting ground by burning space.
902427510Why was the location of the Jamestown settlement not already occupied by the Native Americans?The land was terrible, could not be lived on or farmed on
902427511Why didn't Powhatan attack Jamestown (at first)?Because he thought they would die out from starvation
902427512Why was land settled by the Pilgrims vacant?Because the land could not farmed on and it had low potential for growth
902427513Ecological Imperialismthe idea that the introduction of plants, animals, and diseases by Europeans to settler colonies.
902427514What were the English weapons in the endeavor?Animals (especially bees and earthworms)
902427515How did the marriage of Pocahontas & Rolfe benefit the English?Pocahontas actually did help save the colony—by marrying John Rolfe six years later. Both Powhatan and Jamestown's leaders seem to have viewed Pocahontas's marriage as a de facto non aggression treaty. As relations eased, the foreigners were given free rein to grow tobacco.
902427516How is malaria said to lead to the use of African slaves in the British colonies?The Africans were immune to malaria
906133687After decades of religious turmoil, Protestantism finally gained permanent dominance in England after succession to the throne ofQueen Elizabeth I
906133688Imperial England and english soldiers developed a contemptuous attitude toward "natives" partly through colonizing experiences inIRELAND
906133689England's victory over the Spanish Armada gave itdominance of the Atlantic Ocean and the vibrant sense of nationalism
906133690At the time of colonization efforts, ENGLANDWAS UNDERGOING RAPID ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS
906133691Many of the early Puritan settlers of America wereuprooted sheep farmers from eastern and western England
906133692England's first colony at Jamestownwas saved from failure by the leadership of John Smith and by John Rolfe's introduction of tobacco
906133693Representative government was first introduced to America in the colony ofVirginia
906133694IrelandNation where English Protestant rulers employed brutal tactics against the local Catholic population
906133695RoanokeThe found "lost colony" Island founded by Sir Walter Raleigh that mysteriously disappeared in the 1580's
906133696Spanish Armada (1588)Naval invaders defeated by English "sea dogs" in 1588
906133697TobaccoThe primary staple crop of early Virginia, Maryland and North Carolina
906133698South CarolinaThe only southern colony with a slave majority; colony that established a House of Burgesses in 1619
906133699Raleigh and GilbertElizabethan courtiers who failed in their attempts to found New World colonies
906133700Smith and RolfeLeaders who rescued Jamestown colonists from the "starving time"
906133701VirginiaColony that turned to disease-resistant African slaves for labor in its extensive rice plantations
906133702MarylandColony Founded as a haven for Roman Catholics
906133703Jamaica and BarbadosBritish west indian sugar colonies where large scale plantations and slavery took not
906133704Lord BaltimoreThe catholic aristocrat who sought to build a sanctuary for his fellow believers; continued the legacy of his father by promoting religious tolerance which was unusual for the time of the 17th Century in the colony
906133705North CarolinaColony Founded as refuge for debtors by philathropists
906133706James OlgethorpePhilanthropic soldier-statesman who founded the Georgia colony
906133707Elizabeth IThe unmarried ruler who led England to national glory also named The Renaissance Queen or Virgin Queen (Virginia named after)
906133708JamestownRiverbank site where Virginia Company settlers planted the first permanent English colony
906133709Most of the early white settlers in North Carolina werereligious dissenters and poor whites fleeing aristocratic Virginia
906133710The high minded philanthropists who founded the Georgia colony were especially interested in the cause ofprison reform and avoiding slavery
906133711One important difference between the founding of the Virginia and Maryland colonies was thatVirginia- was founded mainly as an economic venture Maryland- was intended partly to secure religious freedom for persecuted Roman Catholics
906133712After the Act of Toleration in 1649, Maryland provided religious freedom forProtestants and Catholics
906133713The primary reason that no new colonies were founded between 1634 and 1670 wasthe civil war in England
906133714The early conflicts between English settlers and the Indians near Jamestown laid the basis forthe forced separation of the indians into the separate territories of the "reservation system"
906133715The importation of African slavesThe labor system f the british West Indies sugar plantations relied almost entirely on
906133716Elizabeth's parentsAnn Bolen & Henry the 8th
906133717Little ice AgeClimate change
906133718Puritansmost of whom were Calvinists who wished to purify the Church of England of its Catholic aspects {SEPARATISTS]
906133719Who said, "Those who shall not work, shall not eat"John Smith
906498842Opechancanoughlaunched a surprise attack by 12 indian tribes in an attempt to stop English from taking land and killed 1/4 of the settlers and John Rolfe

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