maps (incas aztecs and more!) Flashcards
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| 334047461 | Incas lived in..... | Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Argentina | 0 | |
| 334047462 | the Aztecs lived in... | Mexico | 1 | |
| 334047463 | the Mayans lived in...... | Guatemala and Belize | 2 |
Chapter 12 Territorial and Economic Expansion, 1830-1860 Flashcards
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| 557366085 | Manifest Destiny | the belief that the U.S. should extend all the way to the pacific ocean | |
| 557366086 | Texas | the second largest state | |
| 557366087 | Stephen Austin | Austin, Texas was named after him; he was the man the brought the first Americans into Texas because he was granted permission by the Mexicans on condition of no slaves, convert to Roman Catholic, and learn Spanish | |
| 557366088 | Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna | Mexican general who tried to crush the Texas revolt and who lost battles to Winfield Scott and Zachary Taylor in the Mexican War (1795-1876) | |
| 557366089 | Sam Houston | United States politician and military leader who fought to gain independence for Texas from Mexico and to make it a part of the United States (1793-1863) | |
| 557366090 | Alamo | A Spanish mission converted into a fort, it was besieged by Mexican troops in 1836. The Texas garrison held out for thirteen days, but in the final battle, all of the Texans were killed by the larger Mexican force. | |
| 557366091 | John Tyler | elected Vice President and became the 10th President of the United States when Harrison died 1841-1845, President responsible for annexation of Mexico after receiving mandate from Polk, opposed many parts of the Whig program for economic recovery | |
| 557366092 | Aroostoock War | It was over the Maine boundary dispute. The British wanted to build a road from Halifax to Quebec. It ran through land already claimed by Maine. Fights started on both sides and they both got their local militia. It could have been a war, but it never proceeded that far. | |
| 557366093 | Webster-Ashburton Treaty (1842) | US Secretary of State Daniel Webster and British ambassador Lord Alexander Ashburton created a treaty splitting New Brunswick territory into Maine and British Canada; also settled boundary of the Minnesota territory (giving iron-rich Mesabi range to US) | |
| 557366094 | Oregon Territory | territory of Oregon, Washington, and portions of what became British Columbia, Canada; land claimed by both U.S. and Britain and held jointly under the Convention of 1818 | |
| 557366095 | "Fifty-Four Forty or Fight!" | Political slogan of the Democrats in the election of 1844, which claimed fifty-four degrees, forty minutes as the boundary of the Oregon territory claimed by the United States | |
| 557366096 | James K. Polk | The 11th U.S. President, he led the country during the mexican war and sought to expand the United States | |
| 557366097 | Rio Grande; Nueces River | Mexico refused to sell California to US thinking that Texas' southern border was on the Nueces River; Polk and special envoy to Mexico City John Slidell, asserted that the border of TX is to the south, along the Rio Grande | |
| 557366098 | Mexican War (1846-1847) | armed conflict between the United States and Mexico from 1846 to 1848 in the wake of the 1845 U.S. annexation of Texas. Mexico claimed ownership of Texas as a breakaway province and refused to recognize the secession and subsequent military victory by Texas in 1836. | |
| 557366099 | Zachary Taylor | General that was a military leader in Mexican-American War and 12th president of the United States. Sent by president Polk to lead the American Army against Mexico at Rio Grande, but defeated. | |
| 557366100 | Stephen Kearney | This Colonel, under the direction of Polk, led a small army that captured Santa Fe with no opposition. He then proceeded to California where he joined a conflict already in progress that was being staged jointly by American settlers | |
| 557366101 | Winfield Scott | was a United States Army general, diplomat, and presidential candidate. Known as "Old Fuss and Feathers" and the "Grand Old Man of the Army", he served on active duty as a general longer than any other man in American history and most historians rate him the ablest American commander of his time. Over the course of his fifty-year career, he commanded forces in the War of 1812, the Mexican-American War, the Black Hawk War, the Second Seminole War, and, briefly, the American Civil War, conceiving the Union strategy known as the Anaconda Plan that would be used to defeat the Confederacy. | |
| 557366102 | John C. Fremont | an American military officer, explorer, the first candidate of the Republican Party for the office of President of the United States, and the first presidential candidate of a major party to run on a platform in opposition to slavery. | |
| 557366103 | California; Bear Flag Republic | (1846) short-lived California republic established by local American settlers who revolted against Mexico; once news of the war with Mexico reached the Americans, they abandoned the Republic in favor of joining the United States | |
| 557366104 | Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848) | agreement that ended the Mexican War; under its terms Mexico gave up all claims to Texas north of the Rio Grande and ceded California and the Utah and New Mexico territories to the United States. The United States paid Mexico fifteen million dollars for the lands, but the land cession amounted to nearly half that nation's territory. | |
| 557366105 | Mexican Cession | 1848. Awarded as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo after the Mexican American War. U.S. paid $15 million for 525,000 square miles. | |
| 557366106 | Wilmot Proviso | Bill that would ban slavery in the territories acquired after the War with Mexico | |
| 557366107 | Franklin Pierce | an American politician and the fourteenth President of the United States. Pierce's popularity in the North declined sharply after he came out in favor of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, repealing the Missouri Compromise and reopening the question of the expansion of slavery in the West. | |
| 557366108 | Ostend Manifesto (1852) | Polk wanted to buy Cuba for 100 million from Spain, but Spain refused to sell the last part of its former empire | |
| 557366109 | Walker Expedition | William Walker, a southern adventurer, tried to take Baja California from Mexico in 1853; took Nicaragua to develop a proslavery empire but collapsed when he was killed by Honduran authorities | |
| 557366110 | Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (1850) | Treaty between US and Britain to not build the Nicaragua Canal. The US later builds the Panama Canal instead. | |
| 557366111 | Gadsden Purchase (1853) | U.S. acquisition of land south of the Gila River from Mexico for $10 million; the land was needed for a possible transcontinental railroad line through the southern United States. However, the route was never used. | |
| 557366112 | Great American Desert | The vast arid territory that included the Great Plains, the Rocky Mountains, and the Western Plateau. Known as this before 1860, they were the lands between the Mississippi River and the Pacific Coast. | |
| 557366113 | Mountain Men | American adventurers and fur trappers who spent most of their time in the Rocky Mountains | |
| 557366114 | Far West | Pacific states that were the focus of Manifest Destiny: California, Oregon, Texas, etc. | |
| 557366115 | Overland Trails | include Oregon Trail, Mormon Trail, Santa Fe Trail, California Trail; method of westward migration | |
| 557366116 | Mining Frontier | California, Colorado, Nevada, Black Hills of the Dakotas, where gold or silver rushes began; boomtowns started up | |
| 557366117 | Gold Rush; Silver Rush | a period from1848 to 1856 when thousands of people came to California in order to search for gold; Miners rused to Coloroado, Nevado, the Black Hills of the Dakotas, and other western states to search for silver. | |
| 557366118 | Farming Frontier | A period of time in which hundreds of thousands of citizens moved west and began to farm the frontier, very much due to the Homestead Act of 1862, which offered 160 acres of free public land to any family that settled there for a period of 5 years. | |
| 557366119 | Urban Frontier | Western cities that arose as a result of railroads, mineral wealth, and farming, San Francisco, Denver, Salt Lake City | |
| 557366120 | Industrial Technology | industrialization of 1840s on created shoes, sewing machines, ready-to-wear clothing, firearms, precision tools, and iron products for railroads, etc. | |
| 557366121 | Elias Howe | United States inventor who built early sewing machines and won suits for patent infringement against other manufacturers (including Isaac M. Singer) (1819-1867) | |
| 557366122 | Samuel F. B. Morse | invented the telegraph | |
| 557366123 | Railroads; Federal Land Grants | railroads became America's largest industry, required immense amounts of capital and labor and gave rise to complex business organizations; local and state governments gave tax breaks and special loans to finance growth of railroads; 1850, US gave 2.6million acres of federal land to build the Illinois Central railroad from Lake Michigan to Gulf of Mexico, first land grant | |
| 557366124 | Foreign Commerce; Exports and Imports | trade between the US and a foreign country; regulated by Congress; Goods being shipped world-wide now that railroads had connected the coasts of America. | |
| 557366125 | Matthew C. Perry; Japan | was the Commodore of the U.S. Navy who compelled the opening of Japan to the West with the Convention of Kanagawa in 1854. | |
| 557366126 | Panic of 1857 | Economic downturn caused by overspeculation of western lands, railroads, gold in California, grain. Mostly affected northerners, who called for higher tariffs and free homesteads |
Aztec Quiz Flashcards
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| 104183049 | Tenochtitlan | Capital of the Aztec Empire, located on an island in Lake Texcoco. Its population was about 250,000 on the eve of Spanish conquest. Mexico City was constructed on its ruins. | 0 | |
| 104183050 | Chinampas | Artificial gardens on floating islands/farms that surrounded Tenochtitlan. Built because of lack of available farmland | 1 | |
| 104183051 | Tribute | paid by captured cities, kept Aztec economy stable | 2 | |
| 104183052 | Moctezuma I | Started great temple, father of the Aztec Empire | 3 | |
| 104183053 | Flower Wars | pretend war used to capture sacrificial victems | 4 | |
| 104183054 | human sacrifice | to appease/fill gods, allow rains+fertile land | 5 | |
| 104183055 | Aqueducts | transport water to Tenotchtitlan, two pipes so that while one was in use the other could be cleaned | 6 | |
| 104183056 | Moctezume II | best known Aztec ruler. Was the last Emperor in power when the Spanish arrived. Welcomed Cortes - did not fight | 7 | |
| 104183057 | Cortes | Spanish conquistedor, conquered Aztec Empire. Aztec Emperor believed he was a god. | 8 | |
| 104183058 | epidemic | killed up to 90% of Aztecs, brought by Spaniards—smallpox | 9 | |
| 104183059 | conquistadors | Spanish soldiers and explorers who led military expeditions in the Americas and captured land for Spain | 10 | |
| 104211627 | Lake Texcoco | Lake where the capital city of the ancient Aztecs Tenochtitlan was built | 11 | |
| 104211628 | Causeways | built by the Aztecs across the lake from their capital city on the island to the shores of the lake. | 12 | |
| 104211629 | disease | Spanish unknowingly brought these to Americas and infected much of the native population. | 13 | |
| 104211630 | Sacrificed | Aztecs did this to thousands of people a year. | 14 | |
| 104211631 | Many gods | Aztecs believed n many of these and believed that they controlled nature & human activities. | 15 | |
| 104211632 | Alliances | Other peoples in the region made these with Cortes because they did like the harsh rule of the Aztecs. | 16 | |
| 104211633 | Aztec Social Order | nobles, warriors and priests, merchants and artisans, farmers and laborers, slaves | 17 | |
| 104220485 | Conquistadors' Goals | seizing Gold and Treasure, Conquer land, convert natives to Catholicism. | 18 | |
| 104220486 | Mexico City | Ruins of the Aztec capital Tenochtitlan were found under this present day city. | 19 | |
| 104220487 | Spanish | Arrived on the shores of Mexico in 1519. | 20 | |
| 104220488 | Ancient God, reclaiming his throne | The Aztecs believed Cortes was... | 21 | |
| 104220489 | heart | When an Aztec Priest offered a sacrafice to the gods he would cut his out while the victim was still alive. | 22 | |
| 104220490 | Small Pox | This disease contributed to the end of the Aztec civilization. | 23 | |
| 104220491 | What obstacles did the Aztecs overcome in building their capital city? | Short Essay - Possible answers: The Aztecs built their capital on a swampy island in the middle of a lake. It was hard to get to and from the city. Another problem was the lack of good farmland. | 24 | |
| 104220492 | List and describe at least two of the cultural achievements of the Aztecs. | Short Essay - Possible answers: Architects and painters created fine stone pyramids. Artisans made decorative jewelry, masks, and embroidered cloth. The Aztecs valued learning and devised a calendar. They also had a strong oral tradition. | 25 | |
| 104220493 | How were a small number of Spanish soldiers able to destroy the Aztec empire? Explain at least two reasons. | Short Essay - Possible answers: They made allies among the Aztecs' enemies, they had better weapons, Aztecs were terrified of the Spanish horses, and the empire had been greatly weakened by diseases that the Spanish had unknowingly brought. | 26 |
Biology I and Honors Biology - Semester 2 Final Exam Study Guide Flashcards
For Biology I and Honors Biology students at Christian Life School
Terms : Hide Images
| 735612675 | 8 Levels of Classification in modern taxonomy | Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species | |
| 735612676 | Bacillus | Rod shaped bacteria | |
| 735612677 | Coccus | Spherical shaped bacteria | |
| 735612678 | Conjugation | Occurs when the DNA of one bacteria passes through the conjugation tube to another bacteria | |
| 735612679 | Flagella | Long, whip-like extension that allows for movement | |
| 735612680 | Microbiologist | Someone who studies microscopic organisms | |
| 735612681 | Parasitic | When an organism must feed off of a living host | |
| 735612682 | Pathogenic | Disease causing | |
| 735612683 | Peptidoglycan | Sugar & protein molecules found in the cell walls of some organisms | |
| 735612684 | Saprophytic | When an organism feeds off of dead organic matter | |
| 735612685 | Spirillum | Spiral shaped bacteria | |
| 735612686 | Amoeboid movement | When all of the endoplasm from a protist moves to one area of the plasma membrane forming a pseudopod, and the rest of the organism then flows along with it. | |
| 735612687 | Pellicle | Firm, flexible covering of a paramecium. | |
| 735612688 | Micronucleus | In a paramecium, this contains many copies of the genetic information. | |
| 735612689 | Macronucleus | In a paramecium, this helps to exchange genetic information during conjugation. | |
| 735612690 | Contractile vacuole | Collects and eliminates water in most protists. | |
| 735612691 | Pseudopods | A cytoplasmic extension of the cell used for finding food and locomotion | |
| 735612692 | Trichocysts | Stiff filaments that are discharged in response to certain stimuli in a paramecium. | |
| 735612693 | Spore | A cell with a hard, protective covering that forms during times of extreme or harsh conditions. | |
| 735612694 | How malaria is passed from person to person | The mosquito "bites" a person that has the plasmodium sporozoan in their bloodstream. The plasmodium cells go to the mosquito's salivary glands. Before feeding on the blood of another human, the infected mosquito injects some of its saliva, containing the parasite, into the puncture wound of this new victim. The plasmodium goes to the human liver cells, reproduces quickly, and then enters the bloodstream where they will burst and fully infect the human. | |
| 735612695 | Label the parts of a paramecium | Contractile vacuole Food vacuole Gullet Oral groove Macronucleus Micronucleus Cilia |  |
| 735612696 | Hyphae | The basic structural features of fungi that are microscopic filaments filled with cytoplasm and nuclei | |
| 735612697 | Septate | Hyphae with cross walls | |
| 735612698 | Coenocytic | Hyphae without cross walls | |
| 735612699 | Mycelium | A large branching network of hyphae | |
| 735612700 | Absorptive heterotroph | An organism that digests its food outside itself and then absorbs those nutrients | |
| 735612701 | Rhizoids | Root-like hyphae that are used for anchoring and to connect sporangiophores together | |
| 735612702 | Sporangium | A structure in which spores are produced | |
| 735612703 | Sporangiophore | Vertical hyphae that hold the sporangium | |
| 735612704 | Zygospore | A zygote surrounded by a hard, protective covering to withstand unfavorable conditions | |
| 735612705 | Blade | Wide portion of the leaf; also called the lamina | |
| 735612706 | Botany | The study of plants | |
| 735612707 | Cotyledon | Contains stored food to nourish an embryonic plant while it is in the seed | |
| 735612708 | Cuticle | Waxy covering a leaf that prevents water loss | |
| 735612709 | Epidermis | Consists of a single layer of cells at the top & bottom of the leaf that serve as a protective layer | |
| 735612711 | Fibrous root | A system in which there are many secondary roots | |
| 735612710 | Fiddlehead | A coiled young leaf of a new fern | |
| 735612713 | Frond | The mature leaf of a fern | |
| 735612712 | Fruit | A mature ovary | |
| 735612714 | Guard cells | Specialized cells on each side of the stomata | |
| 735612715 | Margins | Edges of a leaf | |
| 735612716 | Palisade mesophyll | Column shaped cells that are lined up side by side | |
| 735612717 | Petals | Large, brightly colored parts of a plant | |
| 735612718 | Phloem | Food carrying tubules | |
| 735612719 | Pistil | The female reproductive structure in a plant | |
| 735612720 | Prothallus | A heart shaped gametophyte in ferns | |
| 735612721 | Seeds | Contains the young plant and stored food in a protective coat | |
| 735612722 | Spongy mesophyll | Made of irregularly shaped cells that have intercellular spaces in between them | |
| 735612723 | Stamen | The male reproductive structures in a plant | |
| 735612724 | Stomata | Little openings on the underside of the leaf which permit the exchange of gases with the air | |
| 735612725 | Taproot | A system in which the primary root continues to grow is the predominant root | |
| 735612726 | Xylem | Water carrying tubules | |
| 735727032 | Be able to label the cross section of the leaf | Upper epidermis Lower epidermis Palisade mesophyll Spongy mesophyll Xylem Phloem Guard cells Stomata Intercellular spaces |  |
| 735727033 | Know the 9 Life Processes of Animals | Movement Support Protective body covering Nutrition Respiration Circulation Excretion Response Reproduction | |
| 735727034 | Vertebrates | Animals with a backbone | |
| 735727035 | Invertebrate | Animals without backbones | |
| 735727036 | Locomotion | Movement through the environment | |
| 735727037 | Sessile | When an animal is unable to move | |
| 735727038 | Motile | When an animal is able to move | |
| 735727039 | Ingestion | The intake of food | |
| 735727040 | Digestion | Breakdown of food into substances the animal can use | |
| 735727041 | Endoskeleton | Internal system of bones and cartilage | |
| 735727042 | Exoskeleton | Outside body covering that gives support | |
| 735727043 | Assimilation | Absorption of food for later use | |
| 735727044 | Irritability | Ability of an organism to respond to its environment | |
| 735727045 | Zoology | The study of animals | |
| 735727046 | Symmetrical | When an organism is able to be cut into two similar parts or equal halves | |
| 735727047 | Asymmetrical | When an organism is not able to be cut into two similar parts | |
| 735727048 | Anterior | Forward; toward the front end | |
| 735727049 | Cephalic | Concerning the head | |
| 735727050 | Caudal | Concerning the tail | |
| 735727051 | Dorsal | Back or upper surface | |
| 735727052 | Lateral | On or toward the side | |
| 735727053 | Midline | Divides into right and left sides | |
| 735727054 | Medial | On or toward the middle | |
| 735727055 | Transverse | A cut that runs perpendicular to the midline | |
| 735727056 | Posterior | Farther back; toward the rear | |
| 735727057 | Ventral | Belly or lower surface | |
| 735823686 | Difference between an open and closed circulatory system | In a closed system, the blood stays in the vessels. In an open system, the blood leaves the vessels and bathes the organs and surrounding tissues | |
| 735823687 | Explain how an arthropod molts | The arthropod epidermis produces enzymes that eat away at the inside of the old exoskeleton while a new exoskeleton is produced beneath it. It wiggles out of the old one and then goes into seclusion until the new one hardens. | |
| 735823688 | Characteristics that distinguish insects from other arthropods | Three pairs of walking legs Wings are usually present 3 segments on the body One pair of antennae | |
| 735823689 | Omnivores | Eat both plants and animals | |
| 735823690 | Herbivore | Plant eaters | |
| 735823691 | Carnivore | Meat eaters; feed on other animals | |
| 735823692 | Endothermic | Warm blooded animals that are able to generate their own body heat | |
| 735823693 | Exothermic | Cold blooded animals that don't generate their own body heat | |
| 735823694 | Arteries | Carry blood away from heart to body tissues | |
| 735823695 | Capillaries | Smallest branches of arteries that pass through body tissues | |
| 735823696 | Veins | Carry blood from tissues back to heart | |
| 735823697 | Hemoglobin | A red, oxygen-carrying pigment in the blood | |
| 735823698 | Purpose of the air bladder in a fish | It allows the fish to control its depth and to maintain that depth without swimming. By increasing the gas volume, the fish rises. By decreasing the gas volume, the fish sinks. | |
| 735823699 | What is countershading in fish and why its important | Countershading is a form of camouflage that protects fish from predators above and below it. The upper half of the fish is dark in color so when viewed from above, it blends with the bottom of the body of water. The lower half of the fish is lighter in color which makes it blend with the lighter water surface. | |
| 735823700 | Names of the paired fins in fish | Pectoral fins Pelvic fins | |
| 735823701 | Names of the unpaired fins in fish | Anterior dorsal fin Posterior dorsal fin Caudal fin Anal fin | |
| 735823702 | Label the internal anatomy of the Starfish | Ossicles (not pictured...make up the covering of the starfish) Pyloric caeca (digestive glands) Gonads Ampulla Stomach |  |
| 735823703 | Path water takes through the water vascular system of a starfish | Water goes into the sieve plate and moves through the stone canal and into the ring canal and then through the radial canals |  |
| 735823704 | Be able to label and know the functions of the external anatomy of the Starfish | Rays - Arms of the starfish Sieve plate (madreporite) - part of the starfish where water enters Central disc - where all of the rays of the starfish connect (not labeled) Eyespot - light sensitive organ |  |
| 735990622 | Be able to label and know the functions of the external anatomy of the Starfish | Spines - act as protection from parasites for the starfish (found all over the starfish) Tube feet - aid in movement and feeding Oral spines - (not pictured) surround the mouth for protection |  |
| 735823705 | Know the difference between the oral and aboral surface of a Starfish. | The oral side is on the bottom of the starfish and contains the oral spines, tube feet, mouth. The aboral side is on the top and includes the spines, sieve plate. | |
| 735823706 | Know how a Starfish captures and eats prey | A starfish will use its rays to capture the food. It then everts its stomach and forces digestive juices into the clam (the favorite meal) until the clam is dissolved. It will then absorb the broth and the stomach will be drawn back into the mouth. | |
| 735823707 | Label the external anatomy of the Grasshopper | Head Thorax Abdomen Antennae Compound eyes Tympanum (not pictured...found under the wing on the first abdominal segment) Spiracles Ovipositor (not pictured...at the rear end of the grasshopper) |  |
| 735823708 | Label the internal anatomy of the Grasshopper | Mouth Esophagus Crop Gastric caeca Stomach Intestine Rectum Anus |  |
| 735823709 | Know the two types of Grasshopper wings and what they function to do | Membranous - function to help them fly Leathery - function to protect the membranous wings | |
| 735823710 | Label the 5 major parts of the Grasshopper leg | Coxa Trochanter Femur Tibia Tarsus |  |
| 735823711 | Label the external features of the Shark | Anterior (1st) dorsal fin Posterior (2nd) dorsal fin Caudal fin Pectoral fin Pelvic fin Rostrum (snout) Spiracles Nostril Gill slits Lateral line (not pictured...found all along the side of the shark from anterior to posterior) |  |
| 735823712 | Label the internal features of the Shark | Heart (not pictured...above the esophagus...will be a small gray looking organ) Liver (there are 3 lobes) Gallbladder Stomach Pancreas Spleen Intestine |  |
| 735823713 | Label the male reproductive structures of the Shark | Clasper Testis Vas deferens Seminal vesicle |  |
| 735903261 | Label the female reproductive structures of the Shark | Cloaca Ovary Oviduct Uterus Yolk sac Embryos |  |
| 735823714 | Phylum Sarcodina | Amoebas | |
| 735823715 | Phylum Ciliophora | Paramecium, Stentor | |
| 735823716 | Phylum Sporozoa | Plasmodium | |
| 735823717 | Phylum Zoomastigina | Trypanosoma | |
| 735823718 | Phylum Euglenophyta | Euglena | |
| 735823719 | Phylum Zygomycota | Rhizopus; the common molds | |
| 735823720 | Phylum Ascomycota | yeasts, Penicillium, sac fungi | |
| 735823721 | Phylum Basidiomycota | mushrooms, puffballs, club fungi | |
| 735823722 | Phylum Bryophyta | mosses | |
| 735823723 | Phylum Pteridophyta | ferns | |
| 735823724 | Phylum Coniferophyta | conifers | |
| 735823725 | Phylum Anthophyta | flowering plants | |
| 735823726 | Phylum Porifera | sponges | |
| 735823727 | Phylum Cnidaria | jellyfishes, hydras, sea anemones | |
| 735823728 | Phylum Platyhelminthes | tapeworms and flatworms | |
| 735823729 | Phylum Nematoda | roundworms | |
| 735823730 | Phylum Mollusca | clams, oysters, scallops, snails | |
| 735823731 | Phylum Echinodermata | starfish, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers | |
| 735823732 | Phylum Chordata | amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals |
Early Civilizations of the Americas - Aztecs Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 328395705 | causeways | Raised roads across water or wet ground | 0 | |
| 328407479 | emperor | The most important person in the Aztec society | 1 | |
| 328395715 | Moctezuma II | Last Aztec emperor | 2 | |
| 328395716 | Hernán Cortés | Leader of the Spanish invasion of Aztec lands. Moctezuma thought he was a god. | 3 | |
| 328395707 | conquistadors | A group of Spanish soldiers | 4 | |
| 328407480 | What did the first Aztecs do? | They were farmers. | 5 | |
| 328407481 | What made the Aztec empire strong? | War, tributes, and trade. | 6 | |
| 328407482 | What did the Aztecs do to "please the gods?" | They made human sacrifices. | 7 | |
| 328407483 | What weapons did the Spanish have? | Armor, cannons, and swords. | 8 | |
| 328407484 | Name a disease that the Spanish brought to the Aztecs. | Smallpox. | 9 |
Aztecs Flashcards
3 or 4 r missing srry i dont kno them... ill add them l8r!!!
Terms : Hide Images
| 176449568 | how did aztecs decide to build capitol | told if they saw a cactus growing on a rock and an eagle with a snake in its mouth on it | 0 | |
| 176449569 | capitol | Tenochtitlan | 1 | |
| 176449570 | Farming was difficult because | they were in a swamp... no farmland | 2 | |
| 176449571 | how did they farm | floating gardens | 3 | |
| 176449572 | relationship between aztec villages | lots of conflict | 4 | |
| 176449573 | display ranking in army by | their outfit | 5 | |
| 176449574 | how common was battle | very-wanted prisoners for sacrifice | 6 | |
| 176449575 | main purpose of war | take opponents alive | 7 | |
| 176449576 | Spanish conquistador | Hernan Cortes | 8 | |
| 176449577 | how did aztec myths affect sucess with Cortes | Aztecs thought he was a god because he fit the prophecy | 9 | |
| 176449578 | emperor of aztecs when Cortes arrived | Montezuma | 10 | |
| 176449579 | Spanish brought to scare natives | canons and horses | 11 | |
| 176449580 | according to spanish what happened in the temple courtyard | thought aztecs were going to perform human sacrifice. | 12 | |
| 176449581 | according to aztecs what happened in the temple courtyard | had gold and spanish wanted it so spanish came up with an excuse | 13 | |
| 177034669 | How did Montezuma die-Spanish | Was hit by rock | 14 | |
| 177034670 | How did Montezuma die-Aztecs | Cortes killed him | 15 | |
| 177034671 | Most destructive part of Spanish invasion | diseases (smallpox) | 16 | |
| 177034672 | Aztec government | empire | 17 |
Civilizations Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 96907021 | civilizations | kind of cultures that developed complex system of government, education, religion, and population | 0 | |
| 96907022 | chinampas | Island created for growing crops: floating gardens | 1 | |
| 96907023 | sacrifice | the pratice of offering something | 2 | |
| 96907024 | decade | a period of 10 years | 3 | |
| 96907025 | surplus | amount much larger than is needed | 4 | |
| 96907026 | causeway | A raised road built across water or low ground | 5 | |
| 96907027 | aqueducts | bridge-like structures that carry water from a distance across river or valley | 6 | |
| 96907028 | Conquistador | name for the Spanish explorers who claimed lands in the Americas for Spain in the 1500s and 1600s | 7 | |
| 96907029 | irrigation | method supplying dry land with water through a series of ditches or pipes | 8 | |
| 96907030 | archaeologist | a scientist who studies the material remains of past human life | 9 | |
| 96907031 | tribute | something done or given to show thanks or respect; a payment | 10 | |
| 96907032 | quipu | Incan number system | 11 | |
| 96907033 | B.C | Before Christ, used after a numeral to indicate a year occurring before the birth of Christ. | 12 | |
| 96907034 | A.D | Anno Domini, Latin for in the year of the Lord. | 13 | |
| 96907035 | empire | a group of states or territories controlled by one ruler | 14 | |
| 96907036 | artisan | a skilled craftsperson | 15 | |
| 96907037 | century | period of 100 years | 16 | |
| 96907038 | drought | a long period with very little rain | 17 |
Flashcards
AP Human Chapter 11 Industry and Chapter 9 Development Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 374988861 | break-of-bulk point | a location where transfer among transport modes is possible and cheap | |
| 374988862 | bulk-gaining industry | an industry that makes something that gains volume or weight during production | |
| 374988863 | bulk-reducing industry | an economic activity in which the final product weighs less than its inputs | |
| 374988864 | cottage industry | a home-based manufacturing system in which a family produces on product in their homes and distributes it to commercial sellers | |
| 374988865 | Fordist | an approach within a factory in which each worker is assigned a specific task to perform repeatedly | |
| 374988866 | Industrial Revolution | the process of change from the 1700's to the present that transformed the way goods are made, the way people obtain food, clothing, and shelter | |
| 374988867 | labor-intensive industry | an industry in which labor cost is a high percentage of expense | |
| 374988868 | maquiladora | a factory that is an American installment in Mexico, located there for the cheap labor, because it is cheaper to ship finished products back to the U.S. | |
| 374988869 | new international division of labor | the selective transfer of some jobs to LDCs in order to obtain cheaper labor for companies | |
| 374988870 | Post-Fordist | an approach to industry formed in modern times since the Fordist method in which workers are assigned to teams who perform a variety of tasks | |
| 374988871 | right-to-work state | a state that has passed laws preventing a union and company from negotiating a contract that requires workers to join a union as a condition of employment | |
| 374988872 | site factor | a factor that results from unique characteristics of a location. | |
| 374988873 | situation factor | a factor that involves transporting materials to and from a factory; the proximity of a factory to resources and markets | |
| 374988874 | textile | woven fabrics; the Industrial Revolution dramatically changed the production of these from a cottage industry to a commercial factory industry | |
| 374988875 | trading bloc | one of the three regions of the world that engages in trade with and competes with the other 2 regions | |
| 374988876 | development | the process of improving the material conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge and technology | |
| 374988877 | Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM) | a rating that compares the ability of men and women to participate in economic and political decision making | |
| 374988878 | Human Development Index (HDI) | a tool created by the United Nations that recognized a country's development according to social, economic, and demographic factors | |
| 374988879 | Gender Development Index (GDI) | a measure that calculates, by the same indicators as HDI, the level of development of women to that of both sexes in a country | |
| 374988880 | Gross Domestic Product (GDP) | the value of the total output of goods and services produced in a country, normally over the period of one year | |
| 374988881 | less-developed country (LDC) | a country in an earlier stage of development, a country that is in the process of developing | |
| 374988882 | literacy rate | the percentage of a country's people that can read and write in the main language of that country. | |
| 374988883 | more-developed country (MDC) | a country that has progressed further along the development continuum | |
| 374988884 | primary sector | the set of workers in a country who directly extract materials from the earth | |
| 374988885 | productivity | the value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it | |
| 374988886 | secondary sector | the set of workers in a country or economy who manufacture, process, transform, adn assemble raw materials into useful products | |
| 374988887 | structural adjustment program | economic policies that create conditions encouraging international trade, usually implemented in LDCs by international trading agencies | |
| 374988888 | tertiary sector | the set of workers in an economy who provide goods and services to people in exchange for payment | |
| 374988889 | value added | the gross value of the product minus the costs of raw materials and energy in manufacturing |
CSc 3410 - 1.5 Useful Java Classes Flashcards
Review of Java Fundamentals
Terms : Hide Images
| 613224166 | Object (class) | - root of the class inheritance hierarchy - every Java class inherits the methods of the Object class | |
| 613224167 | equals(Object obj) (Object) | - indicates whether some other reference is referencing the same object as this reference - public boolean | |
| 613224168 | shallow equality | equality of two references (whether they are referencing the same object) | |
| 613224169 | deep equality | equality of the contents of two objects | |
| 613224170 | checking for deep equality | commonly done by overriding the equals() method | |
| 613224171 | instanceof | - operator that explicitly checks whether an object is an instance of a class (or one of its subclasses) e.g. math101 instanceof MathCourse | |
| 613256901 | finalize() (Object) | - returns the memory used for objects marked as garbage to the system - called by the garbage collector on an object when it determines that there are no more references to the object - protected void | |
| 613256902 | hashcode() (Object) | - returns the hash code for the object as an integer - public int | |
| 613256903 | hash code of an object | unique identifying value associated with each object | |
| 613256904 | toString() (Object) | - returns a string that represents the object - by default, returns the name of the object's class, followed by @, then the unsigned hexadecimal representation of the object's hash code - public String | |
| 613256905 | Array (class) | contains various static methods for manipulating arrays | |
| 613256906 | copyOf(ptype[] original, int newLength) (Array) | - copies the specified array (of a primitive type), truncating or padding so that the copy has the specified length - numeric types pad with zero, char with null, and boolean with false - public static | |
| 613256907 | copyOfRange(ptype[] original, int beginIndex, int endIndex) (Array) | - copies the range beginIndex to endIndex-1 of the specified array into a new array - beginIndex must be between [0, original.length] - beginIndex must be <= endIndex - length of returned array = endIndex - beginIndex - public static ptype[] | |
| 613287228 | toString(ptype[] a) (Array) | - returns a string representation of the array's contents - by default, returns the list of elements, separated by a comma and a space, enclosed in brackets - returns null if the array is null - public static | |
| 613287229 | binarySearch(ptype[] a, ptype key) (Array) | - searches the array for the key value using the binary search algorithm - returns the index of the key value - array must be sorted before calling (if not, results are undefined) - if the array has duplicate elements with the key value, no way to tell which will be found - for floating point types, all NaN values are considered equivalent and equal - method is not defined for boolean or short - public static int | |
| 613287230 | sort(ptype[] a) (Array) | - sorts the array into ascending order - for floating point types, uses the total order imposed by the appropriate compareTo() method - for floating point types, all NaN values considered equivalent and equal - method is not defined for boolean or short - public static void | |
| 613404581 | String (class) | - immutable string type, i.e. the value of the string can't be modified once it is set | |
| 613404582 | length() (String) | returns the length (int) of a String object | |
| 613404583 | charAt(int index) (String) | returns the character referenced by the specified index | |
| 613404584 | compareTo(String otherString) (String) | - indicates whether two strings are equal, or which string comes before the other according to the Unicode table - compares the character sequences of the two strings - returns a negative int if this string precedes the other string, 0 if the strings are equal, a positive int if the other string precedes this string | |
| 613404585 | + (concatenation operator) | concatenates 2 strings, or a string and a primitive value, to form another string | |
| 613404586 | substring(int beginIndex, int endIndex) (String) | - returns the portion of a string starting with the character at beginIndex and ending with the character at endIndex-1 - public String | |
| 613404587 | indexOf(String str, int fromIndex) (String) | - returns the index of the first substring equal to str, starting from fromIndex - public int | |
| 613404588 | replace(char oldChar, char newChar) (String) | - returns the string obtained by replacing all characters oldChar in the original string with newChar - public String | |
| 613404589 | trim() (String) | - returns the string obtained by removing all leading and trailing spaces in the original string - public String | |
| 614634027 | StringBuffer (class) | - implements a mutable string - provides many of the same operations as the String class - provides operations for changing the characters stored in the string | |
| 614634028 | append(String str) (StringBuffer) | - appends str to the string buffer - public StringBuffer | |
| 614634029 | insert(int offset, String str) (StringBuffer) | - inserts str into the string buffer at the index offset - any characters originally above offset are moved up - the string buffer length is increased by the length of str - if str is null, the string "null" is inserted - public StringBuffer | |
| 614634030 | delete(int start, int end) (StringBuffer) | - removes the substring starting at start and ending with end-1 or the end of the string buffer (if no character exists at end-1) - if start == end, no changes are made - throws StringIndexOutOfBoundsException if start < 0, start > string buffer length, or start > end - public StringBuffer | |
| 614634031 | setCharAt(int index, char ch) (StringBuffer) | - sets the character at index to ch - throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if index < 0 or index >= string buffer length - public void | |
| 614634032 | replace(int start, int end, String str) | - replaces the characters in the specified substring with the characters in str - if necessary, the string buffer is lengthened to accommodate str - throws StringIndexOutOfBoundsException if start < 0, start > leng |
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