AP WORLD HISTORY - STUDY SET
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AP WORLD HISTORY
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AP WORLD FINAL REVIEW
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AP WORLD FINAL REVIEW
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AP WORLD HISTORY - STUDY SET
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Chord symbols (Maj, Min, Dom, Sixth, Half-dim, Alt))
Chord symbols for voicings, scales etc.
Terms : Hide Images
| 326297288 | CMaj7 | C6 | |
| 326297289 | C#Maj7 | C#6 | |
| 326297290 | DMaj7 | D6 | |
| 326297291 | EbMaj7 | Eb6 | |
| 326297292 | EMaj7 | E6 | |
| 326297293 | FMaj7 | F6 | |
| 326297294 | F#Maj7 | F#6 | |
| 326297295 | GMaj7 | G6 | |
| 326297296 | AbMaj7 | Ab6 | |
| 326297297 | AMaj7 | A6 | |
| 326297298 | BbMaj7 | Bb6 | |
| 326297299 | BMaj7 | B6 | |
| 326297300 | Cm7 | Cm7b5 | |
| 326297301 | C#m7 | C#m7b5 | |
| 326297302 | Dm7 | Dm7b5 | |
| 326297303 | Ebm7 | Ebm7b5 | |
| 326297304 | Em7 | Em7b5 | |
| 326297305 | Fm7 | Fm7b5 | |
| 326297306 | F#m7 | F#m7b5 | |
| 326297307 | Gm7 | Gm7b5 | |
| 326297308 | Abm7 | Abm7b5 | |
| 326297309 | Am7 | Am7b5 | |
| 326297310 | Bbm7 | Bbm7b5 | |
| 326297311 | Bm7 | Bm7b5 | |
| 326297312 | C7 | C7alt | |
| 326297313 | C#7 | C#7alt | |
| 326297314 | D7 | D7alt | |
| 326297315 | Eb7 | Eb7alt | |
| 326297316 | E7 | E7alt | |
| 326297317 | F7 | F7alt | |
| 326297318 | F#7 | F#7alt | |
| 326297319 | G7 | G7alt | |
| 326297320 | Ab7 | Ab7alt | |
| 326297321 | A7 | A7alt | |
| 326297322 | Bb7 | Bb7alt | |
| 326297323 | B7 | B7alt |
music notation
music notation & definitions
Terms : Hide Images
| 124488580 | ff | fortissimo - very loud | |
| 124488581 | p | piano - soft | |
| 124488582 | pp | pianissimo - very soft | |
| 124488583 | mf | mezzo forte - medium loud | |
| 124488584 | sff | subito fortissimo - suddenly very loud | |
| 124488585 | f | forte - loud | |
| 124488586 | mp | mezzo piano - medium soft | |
| 124488587 | fp | forte piano - loud, then immediately soft | |
| 124488588 | stocatto | separate | |
| 124488589 | crescendo | become louder | |
| 124488590 | decrescendo | become softer | |
| 124488591 | martellato | carrot accent - louder and accented | |
| 124488592 | rit or ritardando | deceleration of tempo | |
| 124488593 | a tempo | originally designated tempo (beginning of piece) | |
| 124488594 | fermata | sustained note or chord | |
| 124488595 | ffp | fortissimo piano - very loud, then suddenly soft | |
| 124488596 | tenuto | hold out note for full value, or slightly longer; legato | |
| 124488597 | largo | slowly and broadly | |
| 124488598 | molto legato | very smooth and connected | |
| 124488599 | molto | very | |
| 124488600 | legato | smooth and connected | |
| 124488601 | presto | very fast; speedy | |
| 124488602 | sonorously | in a singing fashion | |
| 124488603 | fz | forzando - forceful note | |
| 124488604 | marcato | stressed; pronounced | |
| 124488605 | maestoso | majestically | |
| 124488606 | piu | more | |
| 124488607 | piu mosso | more movement | |
| 124488608 | accelerando | to accelerate; get faster | |
| 124488609 | tempo primo | first tempo | |
| 124488610 | sempre | still; i.e. sempre piano - still piano | |
| 124488611 | poco a poco | bit by bit | |
| 124488612 | allargando | growing broader while decreasing tempo | |
| 124488613 | molto marcato | very stressed/pronounced | |
| 124488614 | sonore | full, deep and rich sound | |
| 124488615 | subito | sudden change in dynamics or just sudden | |
| 124488616 | allegro | fast, quickly, marching tempo | |
| 124488617 | vivo | live | |
| 124488618 | fff | fortississimo - EXTREMELY loud | |
| 124488619 | diminuendo | gradually getting softer | |
| 124488620 | espressivo | expressively | |
| 124488621 | slur | connection of two or more different notes | |
| 124488622 | tie | connection of two or more same notes | |
| 124488623 | allegretto | moderately fast | |
| 124488624 | rallentando | gradually slowing down | |
| 124488625 | sostenuto | sustained | |
| 124488626 | larghetto | rather broadly | |
| 124488627 | andante | walking pace | |
| 124488628 | andante moderato | a bit faster than andante/walking pace | |
| 124488629 | moderato | moderately | |
| 124488630 | vivace | lively |
Musical Symbols
Terms : Hide Images
| 282993642 | Flat |  | |
| 282993644 | Sharp |  | |
| 282993646 | Natural |  | |
| 282996177 | Fermata |  | |
| 282996179 | F Clef (Bass Clef) |  | |
| 282996183 | G Clef (Treble Clef) |  | |
| 289797667 | Sixteenth Note |  | |
| 289797668 | Eighth Note |  | |
| 282996182 | Quarter Note |  | |
| 282996180 | Half Note |  | |
| 289797669 | Whole Note (Semibreve) |  | |
| 289773130 | Dotted Eighth Note |  | |
| 289773132 | Dotted Quarter Note |  | |
| 289773131 | Dotted Half Note |  | |
| 282996181 | Quarter Rest |  | |
| 289806531 | Sixteenth Rest |  | |
| 282996184 | Eighth Rest |  | |
| 283030123 | Half Rest |  | |
| 283030124 | Whole Rest |  | |
| 283030120 | Marcato accent |  | |
| 283030121 | Staccato |  | |
| 283030122 | Tenuto |  | |
| 282993647 | Staff |  | |
| 282996178 | Bar Line |  | |
| 283037843 | Double Bar Line |  | |
| 283037844 | Bold Double Bar Line |  | |
| 283039657 | Ledger Lines |  | |
| 283045191 | Pianissimo |  | |
| 283045192 | Piano |  | |
| 283045193 | Mezzo Piano |  | |
| 283045194 | Mezzo Forte |  | |
| 283045195 | Forte |  | |
| 283045196 | Fortissimo |  | |
| 289802643 | Sforzando |  | |
| 289802644 | Forte Piano |  | |
| 283047688 | Crescendo |  | |
| 283047689 | Decrescendo (diminuendo) |  | |
| 287767291 | Slur |  | |
| 287767292 | Tie |  | |
| 289785690 | Phrase Mark |  | |
| 283030129 | Common Time |  | |
| 289631998 | Alla Breve (Cut Time) |  | |
| 289773127 | 2/4 Time Signature |  | |
| 289773128 | 3/4 Time Signature |  | |
| 289773129 | 4/4 Time Signature |  | |
| 289773133 | Multi-Measure Rest |  | |
| 289782935 | Caesura (Grand Pause) |  | |
| 289783686 | Breath Mark |  | |
| 289784990 | Da Capo |  | |
| 289784991 | Del Segno |  | |
| 289631997 | Coda |  | |
| 289803916 | Segno |  | |
| 289773134 | Simile Mark (measure repeats) |  | |
| 287767290 | Repeat Sign |  | |
| 283030119 | Volta Brackets (1st and 2nd Endings) |  | |
| 289807948 | Trill |  | |
| 289807949 | Triplet (Tuplet) |  | |
| 289810149 | Grace Note |  | |
| 289810150 | Glissando |  |
Musical Terms (5th grade)
Terms : Hide Images
| 59685553 | Chorus | A large body of singers | |
| 59685554 | Opera | A form of theater where the words are set to music and it tells a story | |
| 59685555 | Aria | A song for solo voice in an opera | |
| 59685556 | Ballet | A form of theater where dance and music are combined | |
| 59685557 | Concerto | A composition for orchestra and solo instrument | |
| 59685558 | Overture | A piece of music designed to be played as an introduction to a performance | |
| 59685559 | Chord | A combo of tones sounded together | |
| 59685560 | Dynamics | Variations of volume | |
| 59685561 | Harmony | A combo of musical sounds that is musically significant | |
| 59685562 | Improvisation | To make up and perform music on the spur of the moment | |
| 59685563 | Melody | A succession of pitches over time with direction & rhythm | |
| 59685564 | Rhythm | A basic element of music. The organization of sound over time | |
| 59685565 | Scale | The tonal material of music arranged in an order of rising pitches | |
| 59685566 | Tempo | A term that indicates the speed of music | |
| 59685567 | Theme | A musical idea that can be varied in a number of ways | |
| 59685568 | Orchestra | same as symphony | |
| 59685569 | Conductor | The person who directs the orchestra | |
| 59685570 | Concertmaster | The first violinist in the orchestra | |
| 59685571 | Strings | An instrument family with stretched strings (violin, viola, cello, double bass, harp) | |
| 59685572 | Woodwinds | An instrument family whose sound is produced by air enclosed in a pipe or tube (piccolo, flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, english horn, bass clarinet) | |
| 59685573 | Brass | An instrument family whose sound is produced by blowing into a cup-shaped mouthpiece (trumpet, french horn, trombone, tuba) | |
| 59685574 | Percussion | An instrument family who sound is produced by striking or hitting objects (timpani, snare drum, cymbals, bells, chimes, triangle, drums, etc) | |
| 66588483 | 5 strings instruments | violin, viola, cello, double bass, harp | |
| 66588484 | what are the 8 woodwinds instruments | piccolo, flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, English horn, bass clarinet, contra bassoon | |
| 66588485 | what are the 4 brass instruments | trumpet, french horn, trombone, tuba | |
| 66588486 | what are the 12 percussion instruments | timpani[kettledrums], snare drum, tom tom, bass drum, piano, cymbals, xylophone, bells, chimes, triangle, woodblock, tambourine | |
| 66588487 | what are the chorus members | soprano, alto, tenor, bass |
Musical Terms and Dynamic Markings
CVIM section leader music terms list (for 2012-13 school year)
Terms : Hide Images
| 173055004 | a capella | designation for choral music without instrumental accompaniment | |
| 173055005 | a tempo | return to original tempo | |
| 173055006 | accelerando | gradually increasing in tempo | |
| 173055007 | ad libitum | at pleasure, freely | |
| 173055008 | adagio | slowing, smoothly, gently | |
| 173055009 | agitato | agitated, excited | |
| 173055010 | al fine | to the end | |
| 173055011 | alla breve | as if in 2 beats per measure | |
| 173055012 | alla marcia | in the style of a march | |
| 173055013 | allargando | gradually decreasing | |
| 173055014 | allegretto | moderately fast tempo, slower than allegro | |
| 173055015 | allegro | fast tempo | |
| 173055016 | amoroso | agreeable, tender, lovingly | |
| 173055017 | andante | moderately slow tempo | |
| 173055018 | andantino | usually interpreted as meaning slightly faster than andante | |
| 173055019 | animato | animated, spirited, brisk, buoyant | |
| 173055020 | appassionata | with passion | |
| 173055021 | assai | much, very much | |
| 173055022 | attacca | begin the next section or movement immediately, without a break | |
| 173055023 | ben marcato | well marked | |
| 173055024 | bravura | spirit, dash, skill, flair | |
| 173055025 | brilliante | sparkling, brilliant, glittering | |
| 173055026 | brio | vigor, spirit, animation | |
| 173055027 | cadenza | ornamental unaccompanied passage, cadence | |
| 173055028 | calando | smorzando, dying away | |
| 173055029 | cantabile | in a singing style | |
| 173055030 | capo | head, beginning | |
| 173055031 | capriccioso | whimsical, capricious | |
| 173055032 | coda | literally "tail" meaning the closing section of a work or movement | |
| 173055033 | col, coll, colla | with the | |
| 173055034 | come | as, like | |
| 173055035 | con | with | |
| 173055036 | con fuoco | with fire | |
| 173055037 | crescendo | gradually growing louder | |
| 173055038 | da capo | D.C., meaning from the beginning to the end or place marked fine | |
| 173055039 | dal segno | D.S., from the sign | |
| 173055040 | deciso | decisively, boldly | |
| 173055041 | decrescendo/diminuendo | gradually growing softer (de______/di_______) | |
| 173055042 | divisi | an instruction for one part or section to divide itself into two or more | |
| 173055043 | dolce | sweet, soft, pleasant, mild, charming | |
| 173055044 | doloroso | sadly | |
| 173055045 | doppio meno mosso | half as fast (the m one) | |
| 173055046 | doppio movimento | twice as fast (the m one) | |
| 173055047 | doppio piu lento | half as fast (the p one) | |
| 173055048 | doppio piu mosso | twice as fast (the p one) | |
| 173055049 | expressivo | expressively, vividly | |
| 173055050 | fermata | pause, hold | |
| 173055051 | feroce | wild, fierce, savage | |
| 173055052 | fine | end, closing | |
| 173055053 | forte | f - loud, strong | |
| 173055054 | fortissimo | ff - very loud | |
| 173055055 | fortississimo | fff - loud as possible | |
| 173055056 | forte piano | fp - loudly, immediately followed by soft | |
| 173055057 | forzando | with force | |
| 173055058 | forzato | accent a single note or chord, forced | |
| 173055059 | fuoco | fire | |
| 173055060 | furioso | furious, violent | |
| 173055061 | giocoso | playful, humorous, frantic | |
| 173055062 | giusto | strict, exact, precise | |
| 173055063 | grave | solemn, heavy, serious | |
| 173055064 | grazioso | graceful, charming, pretty | |
| 173080640 | il piu forte | most loudly | |
| 173080641 | il piu piano | most softly | |
| 173080642 | largamente | broadly | |
| 173080643 | larghetto | slow, but faster than largo | |
| 173080644 | largo | extremely slow, broad | |
| 173080645 | legato | smooth, connected | |
| 173080646 | leggiero | light, delicate, nimble, quick | |
| 173080647 | lento | slow | |
| 173080648 | l'istesso tempo | the same tempo | |
| 173080649 | ma non troppo | but not too much | |
| 173080650 | maestoso | majestic, stately, grand | |
| 173080651 | marcato | marked, accentuated, pronounced | |
| 173080652 | marcia | march | |
| 173080653 | marziale | martial, warlike | |
| 173080654 | meno | less | |
| 173080655 | mezzo | half, middle; also moderately, as in _____ piano | |
| 173080656 | mezzo forte | mf - moderately loud | |
| 173080657 | mezzo piano | mp - moderately soft | |
| 173080658 | moderato | moderate tempo | |
| 173080659 | molto | very, greatly, well | |
| 173080660 | morendo | dying away | |
| 173080661 | moto | motion | |
| 173080662 | non | not, no | |
| 173080663 | non troppo | not too much | |
| 173080664 | pesante | heavy, ponderous | |
| 173080665 | pianissimo | pp - very softly | |
| 173080666 | pianississimo | ppp - softly as possible | |
| 173080667 | piano | p - softly | |
| 173080668 | piano assai | very softly | |
| 173080669 | piu | more | |
| 173080670 | piu forte | more loudly | |
| 173080671 | piu piano | more softly | |
| 173080672 | poco a poco | little by little | |
| 173080673 | prestissimo | extremely fast | |
| 173080674 | presto | very fast | |
| 173080675 | prima/primo | first | |
| 173080676 | prima volta | the first time | |
| 173080677 | quasi | almost, as if, nearly | |
| 173080678 | rallentando | gradually slowing down | |
| 173080679 | risoluto | resolute, energetic, determined | |
| 173080680 | ritardando | rit., ritard., gradually slowing down | |
| 173080681 | scherzando | joking, playful | |
| 173080682 | scherzo | joke, jest; movement in moderate or rapid tempo, usually light or mocking in tone | |
| 173080683 | segno | sign | |
| 173080684 | seque | follow, continue indefinitely | |
| 173080685 | sempre | always, ever | |
| 173080686 | senza | without, free from | |
| 173080687 | sforzando | sf, sfz - sudden strong accent | |
| 173080688 | simile | similar, in the same manner | |
| 173080689 | sostenuto | sustained | |
| 173080690 | sotto voce | in a low, soft voice; quietly | |
| 173080691 | spiritoso | spirited, vivacious, jocular | |
| 173080692 | staccato | detached, short | |
| 173080693 | stretto | pressed, hurried | |
| 173080694 | stringendo | hastened, accelerating | |
| 173080695 | subito | sudden, quick, at once, immediately | |
| 173080696 | tacet | to be silent | |
| 173080697 | tempo | time, speed of beat | |
| 173080698 | tempo primo | original tempo | |
| 173080699 | tenuto | sustained, held | |
| 173080700 | tranquillo | tranquil, calm, quiet, peaceful | |
| 173080701 | tutti | all, whole | |
| 173080702 | un, una, uno | one | |
| 173080703 | unison | simultaneous performance of the same notes or melody by various instruments/voices, at exactly the same pitch or in a different octave | |
| 173080704 | vibrato | a slight fluctuation of pitch produced to increase the emotional quality of the sound | |
| 173080705 | vigoroso | vigorous, robust | |
| 173080706 | vivace | lively, vivacious | |
| 173080707 | vivo | lively, brisk, animated |
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