Terms : Hide Images
| 54252412 | accommodation | Piaget's term for the modification of an established schema to fit a new object or problem | 0 | |
| 54252413 | acculturation | a transition from feeling part of the culture of one's original country to the culture of the country one enters | 1 | |
| 54252414 | assimilation | Piaget's term for the application of an established schema to new objects or problems | 2 | |
| 54252415 | attachment | a long-tern feeling of closeness between people, such as a child and a caregiver | 3 | |
| 54252416 | authoritarian parents | those who exert firm controls on their children, generally without explaining the reasons for the rules and without providing much warmth. | 4 | |
| 54252419 | Cohorts | The people born in the 1970s have different interests and attitudes than the people born in the 1950s ever did. This difference is due to a difference in ______. | 5 | |
| 54252420 | conservation | the concept that objects retain their weight, volume, and other properties in spite of changes in their shape or arrangement | 6 | |
| 54252421 | cross-sectional study | Yesterday Professor Eaton asked children of different ages (6 through 12) to list their favorite foods, and then compared the results for different ages. This is an examples of which kind of study? | 7 | |
| 54252422 | dishabituation | an increase in a previously habituated response as a result of the change in the stimulus | 8 | |
| 54252423 | egocentric | "If I know what I am talking about, other people will understand too." This statement is an example of _______ thought. | 9 | |
| 54252424 | equilibration | the establishment of harmony or balance between assimilation and accommodation | 10 | |
| 54252429 | habituation | a decrease in a person's response to a stimulus after it has repeatedly been presented. | 11 | |
| 54252430 | heritability | an estimate of the variance within a population that is due to heredity. | 12 | |
| 54252432 | identity achievement | the outcomes of having explored various possible identities and them making one' own decision. | 13 | |
| 54252433 | identity crisis | concerns with decisions about the future and the quest for self-understanding. | 14 | |
| 54252434 | identity diffusion | the condition of having not yet given any serious thought to identify decisions and having no clear sense of identity | 15 | |
| 54252435 | identity foreclosure | the state of having made firm identity decision and having no clear sense of identity. | 16 | |
| 54252436 | identity moratorium | the state of seriously considering one's identity without yet having made any serious decisions | 17 | |
| 54252437 | longitudinal study | An investigator measures the moral reasoning of a group of 12 year olds, and four years later measures their moral reasoning again to determine how it changed. This study follows which design? | 18 | |
| 54252438 | midlife transition | a time of goal reassessment | 19 | |
| 54252439 | object permanence | the concept that objects continue to exist even when one does not see, hear or otherwise sense them | 20 | |
| 54252440 | operation | According to Piaget a mental process that can be reversed | 21 | |
| 54252441 | preoperational stage | According to Piaget, a boy in this stage of development would have trouble understanding that his mother is also someone's daughter. | 22 | |
| 54252442 | schema | an organized way of interacting with the world | 23 | |
| 54252443 | selective attrition | the tendency of some kinds of people to be more likely than others to drop out of a study. | 24 | |
| 54252444 | sensorimotor | According to Piaget, children respond only to what they see and hear, rather than what they might remember or imagine, in the ______stage | 25 | |
| 54252445 | sequential design | A researcher administers a personality test to Group A, age 14, and to Group B, age 16. Two years later, the researchers administer the same test to participants from Group A, now age 16, and to Group B, now age 18. The researcher is using what type of design? | 26 | |
| 54252446 | stage of concrete operations | according to Piaget the ability to deal with the properties of concrete objects but not hypothetical or abstract questions. | 27 | |
| 54252447 | stage of formal operations | according to Piaget the stage when children develop the ability to deal with abstract, hypothetical situations, which demand logical, deductive reasoning and systematic planning. | 28 | |
| 54252448 | Strange Situation | a procedure in which a psychologist observes an infants behavior in an unfamiliar room at various times as the stranger enters, leaves and returns and the mother enters, leaves and returns. | 29 | |
| 54252449 | temperament | people's tendency to be either active or inactive, outgoing or reserved, and to respond vigorously or quietly to new stimuli. | 30 | |
| 54252450 | terror-management theory | the proposal that we cope with our fear of death by avoiding thinking about death and by affirming out world view that provides self-esteem hope, and value in life. | 31 | |
| 54252451 | theory of mind | an understanding that other people have a mind too and that each person knows some things that other people don't know | 32 | |
| 54252452 | zone of proximal development | the distance between what a child can do on his her her own and what the child can do with the help pf adults or older children. | 33 | |
| 58126342 | Carol Gilligan | criticized Kohlberg's view of moral development saying it concentrated on one type of moral reasoning(justice) and ignored another approach (caring). | 34 | |
| 58127448 | Jean Piaget | studied how children's thought processes differ from those of adults | 35 | |
| 58127449 | Vygotsky | disagreed with Piaget; argued that children have a zone of proximal development that is important in education. | 36 | |
| 58128190 | Harry Harlow | observed that infant monkeys without mothers or companions became attached to pieces of cloth in their cages. | 37 | |
| 58129168 | imprinting | the process by which some animals form immediate attachments during a critical period. | 38 | |
| 58129169 | Mary Ainsworth | 1913-1999; Field: development; Contributions: compared effects of maternal separation, devised patterns of attachment; Studies: The Strange Situation-observation of parent/child attachment | 39 | |
| 60351993 | universal principles | According to Kohlberg, the highest stage of moral reasoning is one in which people make their decisions on the basis of______. | 40 | |
| 60351994 | reward and punishment | According to Kohlberg, the lowest stage of moral reasoning is one in which people make their decisions on the basis of ______. | 41 | |
| 60352179 | justice | Kohlberg's type of moral reasoning has been called a _______ orientation. | 42 | |
| 60380619 | caring | Gilligan's alternative to moral reasoning is a ______orientation. | 43 | |
| 60380703 | self | a mother puts a red spot on the nose of her infant in front of the mirror. Based on the information given in the text, the mother is probably trying to determine if the child has acquired a sense of ______. | 44 | |
| 60382377 | trust | According to Erickson, the main concern of a newborn infant is | 45 | |
| 60382378 | adolescents | According to Erickson, the identity crisis is of greatest concern to people of what age? | 46 | |
| 60382379 | young adult | According to Erickson, intimacy or isolation is of greatest concern to people in which age group? | 47 | |
| 60382380 | generativity vs. stagnation | According to Erickson, the major conflict of middle adulthood (late 20s through retirement) is | 48 | |
| 60383827 | visual cliff | a sheet of glass with a checkerboard pattern a few feet below it; it is used to study depth perception in infants. | 49 | |
| 313986704 | diet | PKU is an inherited condition that can cause mental retardation. The retardation can be prevented by a special | 50 | |
| 313986705 | human face | Two-day old infants typically would spend the most time looking at a | 51 | |
| 313986706 | preoperational stage | A child is shown a scale model of a full size room. A tiny toy is hidden behind the miniature couch and the child is told "A big toy just like this is hidden in the same place in the bigger room." When taken to the big room, the child searches haphazardly for the big toy, rather than looking behind the couch. Which stage of Piaget's is the child in? | 52 | |
| 313986707 | conservation | An experimenter shows a child two glasses of water and then pours the water from one of them into a glass of a different shape. Then the experimenter asks whether the new glass has more or less water than the other one. Which Piaget concept is this experiment demonstrating? | 53 | |
| 314025844 | men | Red-green color blindness depends on a recessive gene on the X chromosome. Red-green colorblindness is therefore more common in _____ | 54 | |
| 318019176 | fetus | Beginning at about 8 weeks after conception, and throughout the remainder of the prenatal period a developing human is called a | 55 | |
| 318019177 | mouth | Which movements are newborn infants best able to control? | 56 | |
| 318019178 | finger movements | Which movement is slowest to develop in human infants? | 57 | |
| 318019179 | personal fable | Tragedy will never strike me...I will succeed in all my ambitions...Everyone notices how I look. According to David Elkind, these beliefs are part of the adolescents | 58 | |
| 318019180 | stares loner than usual | An infant watches a toy car go down a track, behind a curtain, and apparently through a block that should have stopped it. How does the child usually react? | 59 | |
| 318019181 | frightened | Infants who were "inhibited" at age 4 months have been shown to be easily _______ when tested later | 60 | |
| 318019182 | genetics and environment | What contributes to the temperament of an individual? | 61 | |
| 318019183 | family size | Many studies have reported differences in personality or achievement between first-born and later born children. However, most of those studies can be faulted for confusing birth order with the effects of _____ _____. | 62 | |
| 318019184 | young | The negative effects of divorce on the children tend to be milder if the children were _____when the divorce took place. | 63 | |
| 318024669 | defenses in their beliefs | According to the Terror Management Theory, even a casual reference to death tends to increase people's | 64 | |
| 318024670 | fear of heights | If children less than one year old get earlier than normal experience of locomotion, such as crawling, then those children will be quicker than normal to develop a | 65 | |
| 318257690 | sequential | A researcher wants to conduct a study that combines the advantages of cross-sectional and longitudinal design. The best choice for the researcher would be the use of ____ design | 66 | |
| 318257691 | genetic differences in digestion | Most Asians drink little or no milk and seldom eat dairy products. The primary reason is | 67 | |
| 318257692 | decrease | We now know that the detrimental effects of alchol in infants is caused a ______ in the total excitation of neurons, so that they eventually will self-destruct. | 68 |
