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| 140202678 | Age of Reason | also known as Enlightenment | |
| 140202679 | Locke | all ment were born with Natural rights and the purpose of government was to protect the rights | |
| 140202680 | philosophes | were social critics fo the Enlightment | |
| 140202681 | atheists | deny the existence of God | |
| 140202682 | deists | believe God created the universe but totally reject the Church ritual and accept only teachings that fit with scientific understanding | |
| 140202683 | Montesquieu | wrote "In Spirit of Laws" that governments should have separations of powers | |
| 140202684 | Rousseau | greates of philosophes | |
| 140202685 | Hobbes | a leading figure in the Enlightenment who said government should serve man not man serve the government | |
| 140202686 | heliocentric | earth centered view of Copernicus | |
| 140202687 | geocentric | earth centered view | |
| 140202688 | Willaim Harvey | discovered that blood circulates in the body and is pumped through the vessels by the heart | |
| 140202689 | Leewenhoeke | discovered one-celled living things | |
| 140202690 | Linnaaeus | published system for classifying more thant 4000 animals | |
| 140202691 | Vesalius | father of modern anatomy | |
| 140202692 | Newton | showed that all objects in universe obey the same laws and xplained the actions of gravity and inertia | |
| 140202693 | Copernicus | developed the heliocentric theory | |
| 140202694 | Galileo | Italian scientist and mathematician and was one of the first people to agree with Copernicus | |
| 140202695 | Galileo | was brought before the Inquisition and accused of heresy | |
| 140202696 | Enlightened despots | monarchs like Catherine the Great of Russian who made reforms that reflected the Enlightenment spirit | |
| 140202697 | despots | grand, ornate style of art and music | |
| 140202698 | classical | art and music of the Enlightenment; reflected new emphasis on order, balance, elegance and simplicity | |
| 140202699 | Hayden, Mozart, Beethoven | classical musicians | |
| 140202700 | Estates General | made of of 3 estates | |
| 140202701 | First Estate | clergy | |
| 140202702 | Second Estate | nobility | |
| 140202703 | Third Estate | all people except clergy and nobility | |
| 140202704 | Louis XVI | King of France during the French Revolution | |
| 140202705 | Marie Antoinette | wife of Louis XVI--a Hapsburg | |
| 140202706 | bourgeoisie | middle class, consisted of the merchants, bankers, doctors, intellectuals, and governement bureaucrats | |
| 140218999 | Clergy and nobles | who the philosophers of the Old Regime thought were natural leaders of society | |
| 140219000 | causes of French debt | 1. King Louis XIV's extravagance 2. wars caused inflation | |
| 140219001 | Louis XIV | forced to agree to a new constitution when National Assembly met on the Mersailles Indoor Tennis Court | |
| 140219002 | Storming of Bastille | July 14, 1789, first violent act of the French | |
| 140219003 | feudalism | national Assembly ended it on August 1789 | |
| 140219004 | emgres | nobles whofled France after the storming of the Bastille and went to Austria | |
| 140219005 | Declaration of Rights | August 1789--rights of individuals are limited only by the rights of others | |
| 140247395 | women armed with sticks and farm tools | who marched 12 miles in the rain to Versailles where they forced the King and Queen to return to Paris | |
| 140247396 | Constitution of 1791 | marked the end of the first stage of the Revolution | |
| 140247397 | Austria | revolutionaries feared they would aid the nobles and emigres to war was declared on them | |
| 140247398 | September 1792 | France was declared a Republic--queen and king were beheaded | |
| 140247399 | Robespierre | organized a group of 12 men known as the Committed of Public Safety and they held almost unlimited power | |
| 140247400 | Reign of Terror | second stage of the revolution | |
| 140247401 | Results of the French Revolution | 1. Old Regime was completely overturned 2. absolute monarchy ended 3. church and nobility lost special priviledges 4. new constitution adopted setting up a 5 man group of leaders called a directory 5. spirit of nationalism promoted | |
| 140247402 | nationalism | deep devotion to one's country | |
| 140247403 | coup de'etat | overthrow of the Directory and brought a military general to power | |
| 140247404 | Napoleaon Bonaparte | overthrew the Directory | |
| 140247405 | Corsica | where Napoleon was born | |
| 140247406 | How did Napoleon win political support | by pleasing almost everyone at first | |
| 140247407 | Napoleonic Code | 1. all French men treated as equals 2. Feudalism and class privileges abolished 3. freedom of religion 4. protected property rights 5. workers considered inferior to employers 6. men had complete power over families and family property 7. women could acquire property with husband's consent | |
| 140247408 | Napoleion goes from dictator to emperor and | 1. kept social reforms of French Revolution but ignored some individual freedoms French had won 2. was against political liberty 3. said no to free elections 4. had his police shut down newspapers that opposed his rule 5. had spies hund down and imprison people disloyal to him 6. took title of emporer | |
| 140373253 | Austria, Russia, and Sweden | formed an alliance against France in 1805 | |
| 140373254 | Europe | Where Napoleon wanted to rule | |
| 140373255 | Battle of Trafalgar | 1805, ended with half of French fleet sunk by the British | |
| 140373256 | Lord Nelson | Led British fleet at Battle of Trafalgar | |
| 140373257 | Things Napoleon did | 1. brought reforms of French Revolution to other parts of Europe 2. reduced privileges of nobles 3. set up Napoleonic Codes 4. introduced fairer methods of taxation 5. ended feudalism 6. promoted public education 7. supported religious freedom or toleration 8. his conquered areas were forced to provide soldiers for his armies, taxes to pay for it, raw materials for French industry 9. many first welcomed him as liberator but now hated him | |
| 140373258 | Continental Plan | forbade France's allies and all countries under French control to import British goods | |
| 140373259 | Portugal | refused to go along with the Continental system and was then invaded by Napoleon | |
| 140381044 | Thomas Hobbes | said people create government by use of a contract | |
| 140381045 | Peninsular War | Napoleon took Spain and forced the Spanish | |
| 140397895 | Guerilla warfare | surprise attacks by small bands of soldiers | |
| 140397896 | Czar Alexander | angered Napoleon by violating Continental System |
