-started b/c of the Intolerable Acts**
**wanted to Punish England for the Acts**
- September 1774 in Philadelphia
-delegates from the colonies (Sam&John Adams/Patrick Henry/George Washington/ Christopher Gadsen/Joseph Galloway/John Jay/James Duane)
-for the DECLARATION AND RESOLVES
-common tradition and enjoyed rights in all colonies
-13 acts of Parliament since 1763 violated
**Prohibition on Exporting and importing English goods. (BOYCOTTS)**
- Made democratic elections for committees within communities
- Communities link together
-Colonies now referred to as "American States"
- The Congress helped unite the colonies
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| -started b/c of the Intolerable Acts** **wanted to Punish England for the Acts** - September 1774 in Philadelphia -delegates from the colonies (Sam&John Adams/Patrick Henry/George Washington/ Christopher Gadsen/Joseph Galloway/John Jay/James Duane) -for the DECLARATION AND RESOLVES -common tradition and enjoyed rights in all colonies -13 acts of Parliament since 1763 violated **Prohibition on Exporting and importing English goods. (BOYCOTTS)** - Made democratic elections for committees within communities - Communities link together -Colonies now referred to as "American States" - The Congress helped unite the colonies | ||
| Republicanism -declared that the truly just society provided the greatest possible liberty to individuals. John Locke -Argued that the authority of a ruler should be conditional rather than absolute and the people should have the inherent right to select their own government. Declaration Of Independence -Stated that if the government of the people was not performing then the citizens had the complete right to overturn the government and elect a new government in place of the others. Thomas Jefferson -Thomas Jefferson argued that individual ownership of property, especially land, was the foundation of an independent and virtuous people. 1st Continental Congress -The Continental Congress urged that "A committee be chosen in every country, city, and town, by those who are qualified to vote for representatives in the legislative, whose business it shall be attentively to observe the conduct of all persons." | ||
| •Boston Tea Party •Many other cities had their own Tea parties •This causes Intolerable Acts •1st Continental Congress meets to discuss the punishment Boston has faced and creating local militia •Rising tensions between British and Americans culminate in the battle of Lexington and Concord •2nd continental Congress decides to create an intercolonial army •At the same time, Battle of Bunker Hill is fought, and British forces are pushed into Canada •The Declaration of Independence is written as a formal statement of seperation | ||
| Valley Forge was 20 miles out of Philadelphia and was the winter gathering place for the Continental Congress. Troops went there after the defeat at German town and Brandywine, both battles the British won. It was the most important city at this time because all of the troops were gathered here and fought together. This was the first time all of the colonies fought and worked together so Valley Forge became known as a center of endurance for America. Valley Forge was a starting point for bringing all the colonies together. | ||
| ~before 1773 and the Treaty of Paris Britain allowed salutary neglect ~the colonists had rules to follow but they weren't enforced ~after the Treat of Paris was written Britain became much stricter and they would no longer pay for things like soldiers or government ~examples of how Britain put its foot down: Townshend Acts, Writs of Assistance,and Revenue Acts ~Revenue Acts limited the colonies ~the Vice Admiralty Court was a strict rule placed on the colonists through the Sugar Act ~the Writs of Assistance gave British soldiers the right to raid homes in search for smuggled goods | ||
| •Bunker Hill- (1775) Fought on Breed's Hill. William Prescott=leader for the colonies, Thomas Gage=leader for the British. The British were victorious after 3 tries. •Battle of Trenton- (1776) Suprise attack on the British. George Washington=leader for the colonies, John Roll=leader for the British. The Americans were victorious. •Brandywire Creek/Germantown- (1776) George Washington=leader for the colonies, William Howe=leader for the British. The British were victorious. •Battle of Princeton- (1777) George Washington=leader for the colonies, Charles Cornwallis=leader for the British. The Americans were victorious. •Battle of Saratoga- (1777) Horatio Gates=leader for the colonies, John Burgoyne=leader for the British. The Americans were victorious. •Battle of Yorktown- (1781) The last decisive land battle of the American Revolution. George Washington/Comte de Rochambeau=leaders for the colonies aided by the French, Charles Cornwallis=leader of the British. The Americans were victorious and won the American revolution. | ||
| •Conflicts between France and the colonies were resolved, but the Indians were still angered •Colonies came together and created the Proclamation of 1763 - which said all land west of the Appalacian Mts. belonged to the Indians •British needed money to pay for the debt from the war •decided to lower tax rates in England and heavily tax the colonies •Taxes such as the Sugar Act (taxes on sugar), Stamp Act (taxes on stamps), and the Townshend Act (taxes on trading goods like: lead, paint, glass, paper, tea) •Patrollers such as the Gaspee ship were set in place to monitor the goods coming in and out of Boston's harbor and look for smuggled goods | ||
| •A group of women organized the Daughters of Liberty, which is a group of women who organized spinning and weaving bees to produce homespun for local consumption •The symbolic message of the Daughters of Liberty was "The industry and frugalityof American ladies are contributing to bring about the political salvation of a whole continent" •Women renounced silks and satins and pledged to stop serving tea to their husbands •Poet Milcah Martha More urged American Women to stop serving tea •During battles, women would volunteer as seamstresses, cooks, nurses, and even spies •When fighting lasted for over a year women left their homes to join husbands, fathers and brothers in army encampments •They took care of their men and sometimes fought beside them •Some Women even disguised themselves as men and enlisted •By the end of the war over 5,000 African Americans served in Patriot militias or the continental army •Victory at Pensacola was won with the help of African Americans •War in the south had begun with a slave uprising •British tried to convince slaves to fight on their side •Dunmore fought a large number of African AMerican troops wearing sashes that said, "liberty to slaves" | ||
| -November 1777 adopted by Continental Congress - March 1781 Ratified and put into effect - congress granted national authority, conduct of foreign affairs, war & peace, and maintenance of the army - each state had one vote and each state had one representative - 9 of the 13 colonies had to approve - there was no executive branch - created government with limited powers - 12 states were in favor, Maryland was not - 1781 Virginia broke log-jam by promising land - regulated trade - final authority - guaranteed sovereignty - the states became in union with one another - the national government couldn't directly tax people so they had to give states part of its financial burden depending on the size of the stste |
