Terms : Hide Images
| 253300926 | Argumentum ad Hominem | Discrediting an argument by attacking the person who makes it rather than the argument itself | |
| 253300927 | Argumentum ad Baculum/ Appeal to Force | Audience is issued a threat or some other negative repercussion if the audience doesn't accept/ agree with the argument presented. | |
| 253300928 | Argumentum ad Verecundiam/ Appeal to (Improper) Authority | Audience is expected to accept argument from a source that may not be reliable (source's authority is in an unrelated field) but that may be well-known or popular | |
| 253300929 | Argumentum ad Traditio / Appeal to Tradition | This line of thought asserts that premise must be true because people have always believed in it or have done it. Also could suggest that since it worked in the past, it will work now. | |
| 253300930 | Argumentum ad Populum / Appeal to Popular Opinion - (Bandwagon) | Claiming that a position is true because most people believe it is. | |
| 253307826 | Argumentum ad Ignorantium/ Appeal to Lack of Evidence | Appealing to a lack of information to prove a point or arguing that since the opposition cannot disprove a claim, the opposite stance must be true. | |
| 253307827 | Begging the Question | Using a premise to prove a conclusion when the premise itself assumes the conclusion is true; The first claim is initially loaded with the very conclusion one has yet to prove. | |
| 253307828 | Circular Reasoning | Often writers using this fallacy take one idea and phrase it into two statements. The assertions differ sufficiently to obscure the fact that the same proposition occurs as both a premise and a conclusion. The writer then tries to "prove" his or her assertion by merely repeating it in different words. | |
| 253307829 | False Dilemma - (Either/Or) | Suggesting only two solutions when other options could also available. | |
| 253307830 | Faulty Analogy | Relying on comparisons rather than facts to prove a point | |
| 253307831 | Hasty Generalization | Arriving at a conclusion based on an inadequate evidence or a sample that is too small | |
| 253307832 | Loaded (Complex) Question | Combining two questions as if they were one, when really they should be answered or discussed separately | |
| 253307833 | Misleading Statistic | Statistics that are not gathered by a large majority or that are portrayed as more drastic than they really are. | |
| 253307834 | Non Sequitur | Using a premise to prove an unrelated point. The conclusion doesn't logically follow the explanation. | |
| 253307835 | Poisoning the Well | Presenting negative information about a person before he/she speaks so as to discredit the person's argument | |
| 253307836 | Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc - ("After this, therefore because of this") | Occurs when the writer/speaker mistakenly assumes that, because the first event preceded the second event, it must mean that the first event caused the later one. | |
| 253307837 | Red Herring | Introducing an unrelated or invalid point to distract the reader/ audience from the actual argument | |
| 253307838 | Slippery Slope | Suggesting that one step will inevitably lead to more, eventually negative steps | |
| 253307839 | Stacking the Deck | When a writer/speaker tries to prove a point by focusing on only one side of the argument while ignoring the other; speaker stacks evidence in his/her favor by listing only those elements that support his/her case. | |
| 253307840 | Straw Man | Attacking one of the opposition's unimportant or small arguments, while ignoring the opposition's best argument; oversimplifying an argument to attack the more simplified version instead of addressing the entire complex argument provided by the opponent |
