6870894514 | Galveston Storm | (1900) Hurricane slammed into Galveston killing 8,000; still the worst natural disaster in American history | 0 | |
6867453889 | Assassination of William McKinley | (1901) Made Theodore Roosevelt President | 1 | |
6867462308 | Wright Brothers | (1903) First flight at Kitty Hawk, NC | 2 | |
6870796388 | Roosevelt Corollary | (1904) Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force; first put into effect in Dominican Republic | 3 | |
6870806838 | San Francisco Earthquake | (1906) deadliest earthquake in American history; about 3,000 people died and over 80% of the city was destroyed | 4 | |
6867476046 | Upton Sinclair | (1906) Writes "The Jungle"; led to Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act | 5 | |
6867483629 | Henry Ford | (1908) Introduces Model-T | 6 | |
6867493324 | Titanic Sinks | (1912) Thought to be unsinkable; sinks in the Atlantic | 7 | |
6870840861 | Sixteenth Amendment | (1913) established the income tax | 8 | |
6867506642 | Assembly Line | (1913) Ford begins using assembly line for build cars | 9 | |
6867510410 | Archduke Ferdinand | (1914) Austrian heir assassinated in Sarajevo; sparks the beginning of WWI | 10 | |
6867514416 | World War I | (1914-1918) Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Ottoman Empire vs. Great Britain, France, Russia and U.S. | 11 | |
6867529417 | Panama Canal | (1914) U.S. finishes this massive project | 12 | |
6867541205 | Lusitania | (1915) German u-boat sinks British passenger ship; many Americans die | 13 | |
6867549989 | Russian Revolution | (1917) Czar Nicholas II overthrown in Russian; eventually led to the Bolshevik Revolution and the establishment of the USSR | 14 | |
6867560551 | U.S. enters WWI | (1917) Why? Reasons include: (1) Sinking of the Lusitania; (2) Zimmerman Telegram; (3) Germany declared unrestricted submarine warfare | 15 | |
6867655446 | Fourteen points | (1914-1918) A series of proposals in which U.S. president Woodrow Wilson outlined a plan for achieving a lasting peace after World War I; called for the formation of the League of Nations | 16 | |
6870932754 | Influenza Pandemic | (1918) The influenza pandemic (Spanish flu) spans the globe, killing over twenty million worldwide and five hundred and forty-eight thousand people in the United States. | 17 | |
6867577395 | Armistice Day | (1918) November 11, 1918 - World War I ends | 18 | |
6867579797 | Treaty of Versailles | (1919) Official end of WWI; "war guilt clause" against Germany | 19 | |
6867587865 | Prohibition | (1920) 18th Amendment; the manufacture, sale, and transportation of intoxicating liquor was made illegal; led to "speakeasies" and organized crime | 20 | |
6867601064 | Women's Suffrage | (1920) 19th Amendment gave women in the U.S. the right to vote | 21 | |
6867608950 | Teapot Dome | (1923) Scandal took place during Harding's administration; corrupt official allows private companies to drill for oil on lands reserved for the use of the Navy | 22 | |
6867635477 | Scopes Trial | (1925) The "Scopes Monkey Trial" in Tennessee | 23 | |
6867644629 | Charles Lindbergh | (1927) First solo trans-Atlantic flight; "The Spirit of St. Louis" | 24 | |
6867670038 | Sacco and Vanzetti | (1927) Two Italian immigrants found guilty of killing two men during a robbery; in spite of flimsy evidence, they were found guilty and executed; demonstrated the nation's mistrust of immigrants | 25 | |
6867693684 | Kellogg-Briand Treaty | (1928) Treaty that "outlawed" war | 26 | |
6867700836 | Stock Market Crash | (1929) Unsafe stock market practices created a huge bubble that burst; usually associated with the beginning of the Great Depression | 27 | |
6867713520 | The Great Depression Begins | (1929) Economic downturn in the U.S.; took place around the time of the stock market crash | 28 | |
6867751538 | Herbert Hoover | (1929-1933) 31st President of the U.S.; President during the beginning of the Great Depression | 29 | |
6867728097 | St. Valentine's Day Massacre | (1929) Al Capone's gang members dressed like cops and shot a group from a rival gang | 30 | |
6867741788 | Adolf Hitler | (1933) Became the Chancellor of Germany | 31 | |
6867772030 | Franklin Delano Roosevelt | (1932) Won the election of 1932; won four elections to the U.S. Presidency | 32 | |
6867746957 | The New Deal Begins | (1933) FDR's program to help the nation recover from the Great Depression; "Alphabet Agencies" | 33 | |
6868039222 | Prohibition Ends | (1933) The 21st Amendment end prohibition in the U.S. | 34 | |
6868074564 | The Dust Bowl | (1930s) A series of major dust storms that buried houses, destroyed farmland and killed livestock; produced by over farming followed by drought | 35 | |
6868091784 | Summer Olympics in Berlin | (1936) Nazi Germany hosts the Olympics; Jesse Owens wins four gold medals | 36 | |
6868102346 | Hindenburg Disaster | (1937) German passenger airship caught fire and was destroyed during its attempt to dock in New Jersey | 37 | |
6868117717 | Japan Invades China | (1937) The Empire of Japan sends troops into China; the "Rape of Nanking" | 38 | |
6868132337 | Kristallnacht | (1938) "Night of Broken Glass"; Throughout Germany and Austria, synagogues were ravaged and then burned. Jewish shop windows were broken; Jews were beaten, raped, arrested, and murdered | 39 | |
6868159361 | German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact | (1939) The non-aggression pact was an agreement between Hitler and Stalin not to attack each other. This allowed for German victories in the west without worries of the east. | 40 | |
6868168624 | Battle of Britain | (1940) An aerial battle fought in World War II in 1940 between the German Luftwaffe (air force), which carried out extensive bombing in Britain, and the British Royal Air Force, which offered successful resistance. | 41 | |
6868171961 | Dunkirk | (1940) A city in northern France on the North Sea where in World War II (1940) 330,000 Allied troops had to be evacuated from the beaches at Dunkirk in a desperate retreat under enemy fire. | 42 | |
6868179782 | Atlantic Charter | (1941) Pledge signed by US president FDR and British prime minister Winston Churchill not to acquire new territory as a result of WWII and to work for peace after the war | 43 | |
6868190294 | Lend-Lease Act | (1941) Approved by Congress; the act allowed America to sell, lend or lease arms or other supplies to nations considered "vital to the defense of the United States." | 44 | |
6868198769 | Pearl Harbor | (1941) December 7, 1941; Base in Hawaii that was bombed by Japan; brought the U.S. into WWII | 45 | |
6868210314 | Battle of Midway | (1942) World War II battle between the United States and Japan, a turning point in the war in the Pacific | 46 | |
6868216695 | Manhattan Project Begins | (1942) This was the project that eventually built the first atomic bomb that was set off eventually at Nagasaki and Hiroshima. | 47 | |
6868226277 | D-Day | (1944) June 6, 1944 - 175,000 Allied troops invade the beaches of Normandy; also called Operation Overload. | 48 | |
6868238483 | FDR Dies | (1945) U.S. President dies from a stroke | 49 | |
6868242319 | Harry S. Truman | (1945) Becomes President after FDR dies; makes decision to drop atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki | 50 | |
6868254810 | V-E Day | (1945) May 8, 1945; victory in Europe Day when the Germans surrendered | 51 | |
6868270497 | V-J Day | (1945) August 15, 1945; victory over Japan; WWII ends | 52 | |
6868280005 | Iron Curtain | (1946) Winston Churchill gives his "Iron Curtain" speech; term for the dividing line between Western and Eastern Europe | 53 | |
6868298958 | Cold War | (1945-1991) Tensions between the U.S. (capitalism) and USSR (communism) | 54 | |
6868306436 | Marshall Plan | (1947) A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe after WWII | 55 | |
6868314659 | Jackie Robinson | (1947) The first African American player in the major league of baseball. His actions helped to bring about other opportunities for African Americans. | 56 | |
6868319501 | Berlin Airlift | (1948) Airlift that supplied food and fuel to citizens of West Berlin when the Soviets closed off land access to Berlin | 57 | |
6868330665 | Mao Zedong | (1949) Wins civil war in China; China becomes communist | 58 | |
6868335760 | NATO | (1949) North Atlantic Treaty Organization established | 59 | |
6868346381 | Korean War | (1950-1953) The conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea; the USSR and China helped North Korea | 60 | |
6868356663 | McCarthyism | (1950s) The term associated with Senator Joseph McCarthy who led the search for communists in America through his leadership in the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) | 61 | |
6868366980 | Polio Vaccine Created | (1952) Jonas Salk develops a vaccine which stops the crippling disease | 62 | |
6868377838 | The Rosenbergs | (1953) Husband and wife who were accused of spying for the Soviets. The Rosenbergs countered the accusation on the grounds that their Jewish background and leftist beliefs made them easy targets for persecution. In a trial closely followed by the American public, the Rosenbergs were convicted and sentenced to death. They were executed on June 19, 1953. | 63 | |
6868390069 | Brown v. Board of Education | (1954) The Supreme Court overruled Plessy v. Ferguson, declared that racially segregated facilities are inherently unequal and ordered all public schools desegregated. | 64 | |
6868397277 | Montgomery Bus Boycott | (1955) After Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a city bus, Dr. Martin L. King led a boycott of city buses. After 11 months the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public transportation was illegal. | 65 | |
6868404761 | Warsaw Pact Signed | (1955) Reaction of the USSR and Soviet Bloc nations to NATO | 66 | |
6868415883 | Sputnik | (1957) USSR launches the first satellite; the beginning of Space Race | 67 | |
6868427839 | NASA | (1958) The National Aeronautics and Space Administration founded to help U.S. win the Space Race | 68 | |
6868435539 | Fidel Castro | (1959) Becomes communist dictator of Cuba; ally of USSR | 69 | |
6868444141 | Sit In | (1960) Lunch Counter Sit-In at Woolworth's in Greenboro, NC | 70 | |
6869064004 | First Televised Presidential Debate | (1960) Kennedy and Nixon | 71 | |
6869089128 | John Fitzgerald Kennedy | (1961-1963) 35th President of the U.S.; the "New Frontier"; Camelot; Peace Corp | 72 | |
6869068028 | Bay of Pigs Invasion | (1961) the failed attempt of Cuban exiles backed by the U.S. to overthrow the Cuban government of Fidel Castro | 73 | |
6869080709 | Berlin Wall | (1961) A fortified wall surrounding West Berlin, Germany, built in 1961 to prevent East German citizens from traveling to the West. Its demolition in 1989 symbolized the end of the Cold War. This wall was both a deterrent to individuals trying to escape and a symbol of repression to the free world. | 74 | |
6869089129 | Freedom Riders | (1961) Group of civil rights workers who took bus trips through southern states to protest illegal bus segregation | 75 | |
6869118309 | Cuban Missile Crisis | (1962) crisis that arose between the United States and the Soviet Union over a Soviet attempt to deploy nuclear missiles in Cuba | 76 | |
6869126435 | James Meredith | (1962) First African-American student admitted to segregated University of Mississippi | 77 | |
6869161811 | March on Washington | (1963) Held in August to show support for the Civil Rights Bill in Congress. Martin Luther King gave his famous "I have a dream..." speech. 250,000 people attended the rally | 78 | |
6869167342 | JFK Assassination | (1963) November 22, 1963; Dallas, TX; Lee Harvey Oswald | 79 | |
6869186666 | Lyndon Johnson | (1963-1969) 36th President of the U.S.; Kennedy's VP; "The Great Society"; "The War on Poverty"; presidency plagued by Vietnam | 80 | |
6869181179 | Civil Rights Act of 1964 | (1964) banned discrimination in public accommodations, prohibited discrimination in any federally assisted program, outlawed discrimination in most employment; enlarged federal powers to protect voting rights and to speed school desegregation; this and the voting rights act helped to give African-Americans equality on paper, and more federally-protected power so that social equality was a more realistic goal | 81 | |
6869200902 | Gulf of Tonkin Resolution | (1964) Congressional resolution authorizing President Johnson to take military action in Vietnam after American ships were attacked in the Gulf of Tonkin | 82 | |
6869249236 | Thurgood Marshall | (1967) First African-American Supreme Court Justice | 83 | |
6869286889 | Tet Offensive | (1968) during Tet, the Vietnamese lunar new year - Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army raiding forces attacked provincial capitals throughout Vietnam, even seizing the U.S. embassy for a time. U.S. opinion began turning against the war. | 84 | |
6869260853 | My Lai Massacre | (1968) American troops brutally massacred innocent women and children in the village of My Lai, Vietnam; led to more opposition to the war. | 85 | |
6869270514 | King Assassination | (1968) MLK killed by Earl Ray in Memphis, Tennessee while standing on the balcony of his motel | 86 | |
6869277745 | Robert Kennedy Assassination | (1968) Palestinian Sirhan Sirhan assassinated him because he was angry at Kennedy's support of Israel | 87 | |
6869298167 | Democratic National Convention Riots | (1968) In Chicago, where Democratic delegates gathered to nominate Vice-president Hubert Humphrey. The hall was protected with barbed wire and police officers to keep the protesters away. | 88 | |
6869347766 | Richard Nixon | (1968-1974) 37th President of the U.S.; strong foreign policy (China and USSR); Watergate | 89 | |
6869309289 | Apollo 11 | (1969) Neil Armstrong walks on the moon; July 19, 1969 | 90 | |
6869360356 | Kent State University | (1970) An Ohio university where National Guardsmen opened fire on students protesting the Vietnam War; wounded nine and killed four | 91 | |
6869374189 | Munich Summer Olympics | (1972) Munich, Germany; Palestinian terrorists kill eleven Israeli athletes | 92 | |
6869388489 | Watergate | (1972-1974) The events and scandal surrounding a break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters in 1972 and the subsequent cover-up of White House involvement, leading to the eventual resignation of President Nixon under the threat of impeachment | 93 | |
6869403864 | Roe v. Wade | (1973) legalized abortion in the U.S. | 94 | |
6869411777 | U.S. Withdrawal from Vietnam | (1973) U.S. turns the fight over to South Vietnam; "peace with honor" | 95 | |
6869424517 | Nixon resigns | (1974) August 1974; Watergate scandal; Nixon avoids impeachments and removal from office | 96 | |
6869438024 | Gerald Ford | (1974-1976) 38th President of the U.S.; pardoned Nixon | 97 | |
6869458129 | Fall of Saigon | (1975) Marked the end of the Vietnam War in April, 1975 when North Vietnamese invaded South Vietnam, forcing all Americans left to flee in disarray as the capitol was taken | 98 | |
6869488919 | Apple Computer | (1976) Founded by Steve Jobs | 99 | |
6869501678 | Jimmy Carter | (1977-1981) 39th President of the U.S.; set the framework for Egypt-Israel treaty, and sought to base foreign policy on human rights. | 100 | |
6869468734 | Jonestown Massacre | (1978) In November, there was a mass suicide of 913 members, including 276 children, of the Peoples Temple cult led by the Reverend Jim Jones; in Guyana, South America | 101 | |
6869498707 | Iranian Hostage Crisis | (1979-1981) Iran Takes American Hostages in Tehran; failed U.S. rescue attempt in 1980 | 102 | |
6869524507 | Three-Mile Island | (1979) mechanical failure at a nuclear plant in Pennsylvania that caused radiation to be dispersed across 16 miles. | 103 | |
6869550720 | Ronald Reagan | (1981-1989) 40th President of the U.S.; his platform encouraged decreasing taxes and government regulation; he called the USSR the "Evil Empire" | 104 | |
6869540981 | Mount St. Helens | (1980) explosion of volcano in Washington, USA | 105 | |
6869578225 | Sandra Day O'Connor | (1981) first woman Supreme Court justice; appointed by Reagan | 106 | |
6869586378 | AIDS identified | (1981) acquired immunodeficiency syndrome | 107 | |
6869606946 | Vietnam War Memorial | (1982) Opens in Washington, D.C. | 108 | |
6869616139 | Strategic Defense Initiative | (1983) Dubbed "Star Wars" | 109 | |
6869632718 | Sally Ride | (1983) First American woman in space | 110 | |
6869641463 | Rock Hudson dies | (1985) High profile AIDS death | 111 | |
6869660017 | Glasnost and Perestroika | (1985) Mikhail Gorbachev announces "openness" and "restructuring" in the USSR | 112 | |
6869703965 | Chernobyl | (1986) The nuclear power plant in the Ukraine that suffered two large explosions which released massive amounts of radioactive materials. It is the worst nuclear accident in history and thousands were and continue to be impacted by the disaster. | 113 | |
6869712038 | Challenger Explosion | (1986) Space shuttle that exploded right after take off; Christa McAuliffe, teacher | 114 | |
6869738375 | Iran-Contra Scandal | (1986) A major scandal of Reagan's second term that involved shipping arms to Iran to free hostages and diverting the money from the sale of these weapons to the Contra rebels in Nicaragua. | 115 | |
6869749749 | Pan Am Flight 103 | (1988) In route from London to New York, exploded over Lockerbie, Scotland, killing 189 Americans; later determined to be a terrorist act by Libyans | 116 | |
6869767419 | Iran Air Flight 655 | (1988) U.S. Warships in the Persian Gulf shoot down passenger airliner, killing 290 persons; flight was from Tehran to Dubai; personnel on the U.S. warship spotted the plane on radar and thought is was an attack plane; made ten attempts to make contact with pilot | 117 | |
6870045562 | George H. W. Bush | (1989-1993) 41st President of the U.S.; "Read my lips, No new taxes" | 118 | |
6869822166 | Berlin Wall Comes Down | (1989) East Germany was demanding change and wanted to have more political freedom like West Germany. When the government fell, the gates of the Berlin Wall were opened and the country started down the road to reunification with West Germany. | 119 | |
6869830295 | Exxon Valdez | (1989) Oil tanker that crashed in March 1989, considered largest U. S. oil spill, emptied 35,000 tons of oil into Prince William Sound | 120 | |
6869838247 | Tienanmen Square Massacre | (1989) A political and social protest by university students in Beijing, China in 1989. The protest called for political and social reforms and resulted in the government using the military to end it, which caused hundreds of deaths, thousands of injured, and many more imprisoned. | 121 | |
6869889044 | Germany Reunited | (1990) East and West sides of Germany were reunited and the East side was no longer communist marking the end of the Warsaw Pact. | 122 | |
6869900753 | Lech Walesa | (1990) becomes President in Poland; Co-founded Solidarity, the Soviet bloc's first independent trade union, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983 | 123 | |
6869912195 | Soviet Union Collapse | (1991) Eastern European countries began to throw off Soviet rule; USSR finally collapses | 124 | |
6869924392 | Operation Desert Storm | (1991) American-led attack on Iraqi forces after Iraq refused to withdraw its troops from Kuwait | 125 | |
6869937283 | Rodney King Verdict | (1992) White police officers had beaten African-American Rodney King; videotaped; all four officers acquitted; six days of rioting in LA | 126 | |
6870055968 | Bill Clinton | (1993-2001) 42nd President; advocated economic and healthcare reform; second president to be impeached; Monica Lewinsky | 127 | |
6869974911 | Branch Davidians | (1993) cult led by David Koresh, besieged by federal agents; cult had illegal firearms; building caught fire and no one survived | 128 | |
6869984454 | World Trade Center Bombed | (1993) A terrorist attack involving a truck filled with explosives in the garage of one of the towers. This attack was supposed to take down the North building, but failed only demolishing the underneath levels of both buildings. | 129 | |
6870039942 | Oklahoma City Bombing | (1995) Bombing of Murrah Federal Building. The blast, set off by Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols, killed 168 people, including 19 children in the building's day-care center. | 130 | |
6870001600 | O. J. Simpson | (1995) Simpson found not guilty of double murder; verdict controversial | 131 | |
6870015332 | Ted Kaczynski arrested | (1995) He ran the longest terrorist campaign by an individual in the U.S. from 1978-1995 and was commonly known as the Unabomber (university and airline bomber) | 132 | |
6870065723 | Clinton Impeached | (1998) Clinton impeached for lying under oath about sexual relations with Monica Lewinsky; Clinton was acquitted in the Senate | 133 | |
6870762373 | United States Embassy Bombings | (1998) attacks that occurred on August 7, 1998, in which over 200 people were killed in nearly simultaneous truck bomb explosions in two East African cities. The attacks are linked to Osama Bin Laden and his Al-Qaeda organization. The United States responded by launching cruise missile strikes against Al-Qaeda camps in Afghanistan and a suspected chemical plant in the Sudan. | 134 | |
6870074665 | Columbine Shooting | (1999) A school shooting in Columbine, Colorado where students who had been bullied killed 12 students and 1 teacher | 135 |
20th Century U.S. History - Major Events Flashcards
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