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3.6 Plants & Fungi Flashcards

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6426146098rootan organ in vascular plants that anchors the plant and enables it to absorb water and minerals from the soil0
6426146100vascular tissueplant tissue consisting of cells joined into tubes that transport water and nutrients throughout the plant body1
6426146109xylemthe woody part of plants: the supporting and water-conducting tissue, consisting primarily of tracheids and vessels2
6426146110phloemvascular plant tissue consisting of living cells arranged into elongated tubes that transport sugar and other organic nutrients throughout the plant3
6426146111lignina complex polymer that provides rigidity to plant cells4
6426146117cuticlea waxy covering on the surface of stems and leaves that acts as an adaptation that prevents desiccation in terrestrial plants.5
6426146118stomatathe small openings on the undersides of most leaves through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move6
6426146119guard cellsThe two cells that flank the stomatal pore and regulate the opening and closing of the pore.7
6426146127root hairstiny hair-like extensions that increase the surface area of the root allowing it to absorbs more water and nurtients8
6426146137transpirationthe passage of water vapor through stomata on leaves9
6426146141flowerreproductive organ of angiosperm plants especially one having showy or colorful parts10
6426146142stamenthe pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower, consisting of an anther and a filament11
6426146143filamentin an angiosperm the stalk portion of the stamen, the pollen producing reproductive organ of a flower12
6426146144antherin an angiosperm, the terminal pollen sac of a stamen, where pollen grains containing sperm-producing male gametophytes form13
6426146145carpelthe ovule producing organ of a flower, consisting of the stigma, style and ovary14
6426146146stigmathe sticky part of a flower's carpel, which traps pollen grains15
6426146147stylethe stalk of a flower's carpel, with the ovary at the base and the stigma at the top16
6426146148ovaryin flowers, the portion of a carpel in which the egg-containing ovules develop17
6426146149ovulea structure that develops within the ovary of a seed plant and contains the female gametophyte18
6426146150sepala modified leaf in angiosperms that helps enclose and protect a flower bud before it opens19
6426146151pollen grainin seed pants a structure consisting of the male gametophyte enclosed within a pollen wall20
6426146156fruita mature ovary of a flower. the fruit protects dormant seeds and often aids in their dispersal21
6426146162auxinsA natural plant hormone that has a variety of effects, including cell elongation, root formation, secondary growth.22
6426146165ethylenethe only gaseous plant hormone. among its many effects are response to mechanical stress, programmed cell death, leaf abscission, and fruit ripening23
6426146167plant tropismA plant response in which the direction of the response is related from which the stimulus comes.24
6426146168gravitropisma response of a plant or animal to gravity25
6426146169phototropismgrowth of a plant shoot toward or away from the light26
6426146170thigmotropismplant growth in response to touch27
6426146171photoperiodisma physiological response to photoperiod, the relative lengths of night and day. and example of photoperiodism is flowering.28
6426146172long-day plantsa plant that flowers only when the light period is longer than critical length29
6426146173short-day plantsa plant that flowers only when the light period is shorter than a critical length30
6426332020myceliumthe branched network of hyphae in a fungus31
6426366176Fungiheterotrophic eukaryotes that feed by absorption32
6426391171bryophyteseedless nonvascular plants. gametophyte dominant. e.g. mosses33
6426398568pteridophyteseedless vascular plants. sporophyte dominant. e.g. ferns34
6426407751gymnospermsseeded vascular plant. "naked" seeds housed in cones. e.g. pine, spruce, fir35
6426417174angiospermsseeded vascular plant. produces flowers, fruits. e.g. grasses deciduous trees36
6427518160adhesionThe attraction between different kinds of molecules.37
6427522005cohesionThe binding together of like molecules (i.e. water), often by hydrogen bonds.38
9362721756phytochromeplant pigment responsible for photoperiodism39
9362732357dermal tissueThe plant's outer protective covering40
9362767075ground tissuetissue found between the vascular and dermal tissue41

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