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| 6908781 | Proclamation Line of 1763 | Part of Treaty of Paris. To NA: if you won't bug colonists and don't go E of the line, we'll agree that no colonists can move W of line. ENG can't continue another fight against NA. Not ok w/colonists. | |
| 6908782 | Coercive Acts | To force MA into submission. Port Bill: closed Boston Harbor until the E IND Co was paid for its tea. Govt Act: annulled the MA charter and prohibited most local town meetings. Quartering Act: required the colony to build barracks or accommodate soldiers in private houses. Justice Act: allowed trials for capital crimes to be transferred to other colonies or to ENG. Helped create firm sense of unity among Patriots. | |
| 6908783 | Boston Massacre 1770 | Violent conflict sparked by friction btwn the residents and ENG soldiers over constitutional principles and everyday issues. Group of soldiers fired into a rowdy crowd of demonstrators, killing 5 of them. Radical Whigs filled the popular press w/accusations that the ENG had deliberately planned it. | |
| 6908784 | Sons of Liberty | Members of the (usually) well-disciplined mobs that, after 1763, protested against the new ENG measures of taxation and control. Most were minor merchants and middling artisans. In NYC the leaders were Radical Whigs. | |
| 6908785 | Stamp Act Congress | Met in NYC in 1765, 9 colonial assemblies sent delegates. Issued a set of Resolves challenging the constitutionality of the Stamp and Sugar Acts and declaring that only the colonists' elected reps could tax them, also protested against the loss of american "rights and liberties" esp trial by jury. Most sought compromise not confrontation. | |
| 6908786 | Stamp Act of 1765 | Would cover part of the cost of keeping ENG troops in Amer. Require stamps on all court documents, land titles, contracts, playing cards, newspapers and other printed items. Led Franklin to propose another solution: Amer representation in Parliament. Throughout the colonies popular resistance nullified it. | |
| 6908787 | Townshend Act 1767 | Imposed duties on colonial imports of paper, paint, glass and tea. Most of the revenue would create a colonial civil list--a fund to pay the salaries of royal governors, judges and other imperial officials. Once freed from financial dependence on the Amer legislatures, royal officials would be able to enforce Parliamentary laws and the king's instructions. Considered by Americans to be taxes imposed w/o consent. | |
| 6908788 | Non-importation Agreements | Boycott of ENG goods in response to Townshend Act. Public support emerged in smaller port cities; promoted domestic manufacture. | |
| 6908789 | 1st Continental Congress | All-colony assembly called by Patriot leaders. Passed a Declaration of Rights and Grievances that condemned and repealed the Coercive Acts. Repudiated the Declaratory Act of 1766. Approved a pgm of eco retaliation w/a nonimportation agreement. | |
| 6908790 | Navigation Acts | System of commercial regulations ENG used to maintain mercantilism. Limited what kind and amount of manu happened in colonies and required colonies to purchase certain commodities from ENG, used tariffs to make ENG imports more desirable. Not always implemented consistently. ENG had massive war debt to pay off. | |
| 6909130 | Loyalists | To mobilize support for the king, prominent Americans of "loyal principles" denounced the Patriot leaders and accused them of seeking independence. Worried that resistance to ENG would destroy respect for all political institutions and end in mob rule. In regions where wealthy landowners became Patriots, tenant farmers supported the king b/c they hated their landlords. |
