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67-77 AP Language & Composition Flashcards

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8060630255Persuasive WritingA type of argumentation having the additional aim of urging some form of action.0
8060636162Predicate AdjectiveAn adjective, group of adjectives, or adjective clause that follows a linking verb. It is in the predicate of the sentence and modifies the subject. (Ex. "My dog is fat, slow, and shaggy." the group of predicate adjectives ("fat, slow, and shaggy") describes "my dog".1
8060644017Predicate NominativeA noun, group of nouns, or noun clause that renames the subject. It follows a linking verb and is located in the predicate of the sentence. (Ex. "My dog is a mutt with character." IN THIS case "mutt with character" is the predicate nominative since it renames "my dog".2
8060653109QualificationRedefining your argument so that it no longer conflicts with the valid claim of an opposing viewpoint (see Concession). This is known as qualifying your argument.3
8060666974RefutationWhen the writer musters relevant opposing arguments.4
8060668897RepetitionReinforcing a point by repeating the point. Repetition can also involve simply repeating a word or series of words which are fundamental to the author's point.5
8060678874RhetoricThe art of effective and persuasive language.6
8060684063Rhetorical QuestionQuestion not asked for information but for effect. (Ex. The angry, parent, asked the child, "Are you done interrupting me?" In this case, the parent does not expect a reply, but simply wants to draw the child's attention to the rudeness of interrupting.)7
8060709607SarcasmA generally bitter comment that is ironically worded. However, not all ironic statements are sarcastic. Sarcasm is usually a way to mock or ridicule something, while irony isn't.8
8060717366SatireA work that reveals a critical attitude toward some element of life to a humorous effect. It targets human vices and follies or social institutions and conventions. It usually uses wit, irony, parody, caricature, hyperbole, and sarcasm. Good when not only funny but thought-provoking (Kurt Vonnegut has written many great satires.)9
8060728323SentenceA group of words (including a subject and verb) that expresses a complete thought.10
8060730185Simple SentenceContains one independent clause11
8060732234Compound SentenceContains at least two independent clauses but no dependent clauses.12
8060735865Complex SentenceContains only one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.13
8060737363Compound-Complex Sentencecontains two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. (Ex. When I grow up, I want to be a ballerina, and my mom is proud of me.)14
8060740992Balanced SentenceOne in which two parallel elements are set off against each other like equal weights on a scale. Both parts are parallel gramatically. (Ex. "If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who have rich.")15
8060790306Loose SentenceThe main idea is introduced at or near the beginning and then modified by less important elements. (Ex. "He learned to fix cars from Alice McMahon, an elderly spinster who used to spend her spare time partying with Volvo mechanics.")16
8060795913Periodic SentenceWhen the main idea is not completed until the end of the sentence. The writer begins with subordinate elements and postpones the main clause. (Ex. "His confidence broken, his limbs shaking, his collar wet with perspiration, he doubted whether he could ever again appear before the audience.")17

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