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9th Grade: Bio. Honors - Cell structure/Organelle Flashcards

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963470592Cell membraneA thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell0
963470593MicrofilamentLong, thin fibers that function in the movement and support of the cell1
963470594Anchoring junctionHelp ties two cells (and can bind muscles) to one another2
963470595Communicating junctionJunction that allow material to pass from one cell to another cell3
963470596Tight junctionImpermeable, bind cells together into leak-proof sheets4
963470597PlasmodesmataChannels between adjacent plant cells5
963470598GlyoxysomeFound in plants and contain enzymes that convert lipids into carbohydrates.6
963470599CiliaHairlike projections that extend from the plasma membrane and are used for locomotion7
963470600ChloroplastAn organelle containing chlorophyll for photosynthesis8
963470601Cell wallA rigid barrier for plant cells that protect and maintain the shape of a plant.9
963470602Central vacuoleA membranous sac in a mature plant cell with diverse roles in reproduction, growth, and development.10
963470603FlagellumA long, hairlike structure that grows out of a cell and enables the cell to move.11
963470604CentrioleAre located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division.12
963470605LysosomeBreak down food particles and waste.13
963470606PeroxisomeBreaks down fatty acid molecules.14
963470607NucleolusA specialized structure in the nucleus, formed from various chromosomes and active in the synthesis of ribosomes.15
963470608Rough Endoplasmic ReticulumResponsible for moving ribosomes from the nucleus to the cytoplasm; this is where many proteins are created.16
963470609Smooth endoplasmic reticulumResponsible for making lipids and breaking down toxic chemicals from all parts of the cell.17
963470610Golgi ApparatusModifies, stores, and packages substances produced in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. It then secretes these subtances to other parts of the cell and to the cell surface for export to other cells.18
963470611MitochondrionIs the cite of cellular respiration. All cells contain this. Contains own DNA and can self-replicate. Creates energy (ATP) for the cell.19
963470612MicrotubulesResponsible for the various kinds of movements in all eukaryotic cells.20
963470613Intermediate filamentIs made up of fibrous proteins organized into touch, ropelike assemblages that stabilize a cell's structure and help maintain its shape.21
963470614NucleusCenter control of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction.22
963470615RibosomeA cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis.23
963470616CytoplasmSuspends and holds together the organelles, apart from the nucleus. It also supports the cell structure and makes it possible for molecules to be transported throughout the cell. Nutrients are absorbed here and processed.24

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