These are all the terms, people and dates for the eighth edition of Abnormal Psychology in a Changing World By Jeffrey S Nevid, Spencer A Rathus, and Beverly Greene.
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| 1213587302 | Neurons | Nerve cells | 1 | |
| 1213587303 | dendrites | the rootlike structures at the ends of neurons that receive nerve impulses from other neurons | 2 | |
| 1213587304 | axon | The long, thin part of a neuron along which nerve impulses travel | 3 | |
| 1213587305 | terminals | The small branching structures at the tips of axons | 4 | |
| 1213587306 | neurotransmitters | Chemical substances that transmit messages from one neuron to another | 5 | |
| 1213587307 | synapse | The junction between one neuron and another through which nerve impulses pass | 6 | |
| 1213587308 | receptor site | a part of dendrite on a receiving neuron that is structured to receive a neurotransmitter. | 7 | |
| 1213587309 | central nervous system (CNS) | the brain and the spinal cord | 8 | |
| 1213587310 | Peripheral Nervous system | The somatic and autonomic nervous system | 9 | |
| 1213587311 | medulla | an area of the hind brain involved in regulation of heartbeat, respiration, and blood pressure. | 10 | |
| 1213587312 | pons | a structure in the hindbrain involved in body movements attention sleep and respiration | 11 | |
| 1213587313 | cerebellum | a structure in the hindbrain involved in coordination and balance | 12 | |
| 1213587314 | reticular activating system | brain structure involved in processes of attention, sleep and arousal | 13 | |
| 1213587315 | thalamus | a structure in the forebrain involved in relaying sensory information to the cortex and in regulating sleep attention | 14 | |
| 1213587316 | hypothalamus | a structure in the forebrain involved in regulating body temprature emotion and motivation | 15 | |
| 1213587317 | limbic system | a group of forebrain structures involved ine motional processing, memory, and basic drives such as hunger thirst and aggression | 16 | |
| 1213587318 | basal ganglia | an assemblage of neurons at the base of the forebrain involved in regulating postural movements and coordication | 17 | |
| 1213587319 | cerebrum | the large mass of the forebrain consisting of two cereberal hemispheres | 18 | |
| 1213587320 | cerebral cortex | the wrinkled surface area of the cerebrum responsible for processing sensory stimuli and controlling higher mental functions, such as thinking and use of language. | 19 | |
| 1213587321 | Somatic nervous system | The division of the peripheral nervous system that relays information from the sense organs to the brain and transmits messages from the brain to the skeltal muscles | 20 | |
| 1213587322 | autonomic nervous system | the the division of the peripheral nervous system that regulates the activities of the glands and involuntary functions | 21 | |
| 1213587323 | sympathetic nervous system | the division of the autonomic nervous system whose activity leads to heightened states of arousal | 22 | |
| 1213587324 | parasympathetic nervous system | the division of the autonomic nervous system whose activity reduces states of arousal and regulates bodily processes that replenish energy reserves | 23 | |
| 1213587325 | psychoanalytic theory | the theoretical model of personality developed by Sigmund Freud, based on the belief that psychological problems are rooted in unconscious motives and conflicts from childhood; also called psychoanalysis | 24 | |
| 1213587326 | Conscious | To Freud, the part of the mind that corresponds to our present awareness | 25 | |
| 1213587327 | preconscious | To Freud, the part of the mind whose contents lie outside present awareness but can be brought into awareness by focusing attention. | 26 | |
| 1213587328 | unconscious | To Freud, the part of the mind that lies outside the range of ordinary awareness and that contains instinctual urges. | 27 | |
| 1213587329 | id | The unconscious psychic structure, present at birth, that contains primitive instincts and is regulated by the pleasure principle | 28 | |
| 1213587330 | pleasure principle | the governing principle of the id, involving demands for immediate gratification of needs. | 29 | |
| 1213587331 | ego | the psychic structure that corresponds to the concept of the self, governed by the reality principle and is characterized by the ability to tolerate frustration | 30 | |
| 1213587332 | reality principle | the governing principle of the ego, which involves considerations of social acceptability and practicality. | 31 | |
| 1213587333 | superego | the psychic structure that incorporates the values of the parents and important others and functions as a moral conscience | 32 | |
| 1213587334 | defense mechanisms | the reality distorting strategies used by the ego to shield the self from awareness of anxiety-provoking impulses | 33 | |
| 1213587335 | Repression | Defense mechanism in which there is expulsion from awareness of unacceptable ideas or motives (IE- a person remains unaware of harboring hateful impulses toward others) | 34 | |
| 1213587336 | Regression | Defense mechanism in which there is the return of behavior that is typical of earlier stages of development (IE- Under stress, a college student starts biting his nails or becomes totally dependent on others) | 35 | |
| 1213587337 | Displacement | Defense mechanism in which there is the transfer of unacceptable away from their original objects onto safer or less-threatening objects (IE- a worker slams a door after his boss chews him out) | 36 | |
| 1213587338 | Denial | Defense mechanism in which there is the refusal to recognize a threatening impulse or desire (IE- a person who nearly chokes someone to death acts afterward like it "no big deal") | 37 | |
| 1213587339 | Reaction formation | Defense mechanism in which there is behaving in a way that is the opposite of one's true wishes or desires to keep these repressed (IE- a sexually frustrated person goes on a personal crusade to stamp out pornography) | 38 | |
| 1213587340 | Rationalization | Defense mechanism in which there is the use of self-justifications to explain away unacceptable behavior (IE- when asked why she continues to smoke, a woman says, "Cancer doesn't run in my family") | 39 | |
| 1213587341 | projection | Defense mechanism in which there is imposing one's own impulses or wishes onto another person (IE- A sexually inhibited person misinterprets other people's friendly approaches as sexual advances) | 40 | |
| 1213587342 | Sublimation | Defense mechanism in which there is the channeling of unacceptable impulses into socially constructive pursuits (IE- A person channels aggressive impulses into competitive sports) | 41 | |
| 1213587343 | sexual | Freud's term for sensual | 42 | |
| 1213587344 | libido | sexual energy | 43 | |
| 1213587345 | erogenous zones | sexual pleasure in different body parts as a child will mature. | 44 | |
| 1213587346 | Oral | The first year of life for Freud, when they will nurse and cry. | 45 | |
| 1213587347 | anal | the second year of life for Freud, when they have control of their bowels | 46 | |
| 1213587348 | phallic | third year of life until approx. the sixth year. Oedipus complex happens here. | 47 | |
| 1213587349 | Latency | from 6 to 12 for Freud. Not much happens here | 48 | |
| 1213587350 | Genital | begins at puberty for Freud. The rest of life happens at this point. | 49 | |
| 1213587351 | Fixation | a constellation of personality traits associated with a particular stage of psychosexual development, resulting from either too much or too little gratification at that stage | 50 | |
| 1213587352 | Carl Jung | developed theory of analytical psychology. | 51 | |
| 1213587353 | 1875-1961 | Life span of Carl Jung | 52 | |
| 1213587354 | Analytical Psychology | Not only is there personal unconsciousness, but also a collective unconscious. | 53 | |
| 1213587355 | Archetypes | Community consciousness has a collection of primitive images called _____. | 54 | |
| 1213587356 | Alfred Adler | psychology is called individual psychology. life is driven by inferiority complex, not the psychosexual stages. | 55 | |
| 1213587357 | 1870-1937 | Life span of Alfred Adler | 56 | |
| 1213587358 | Creative self | a self aware aspect of personality that strives to overcome obstacles and develop the individual's potential. | 57 | |
| 1213587359 | Karen Horney | Said that children will harbor a feeling of basic hostility towards their parents if they are isolated. Shifted away from psychosexual | 58 | |
| 1213587360 | 1885-1952 | Life Span of Karen Horney | 59 | |
| 1213587361 | Heinz Hartmann | one of the originators of ego psychology which posits that the ego has energy and motive of its own. | 60 | |
| 1213587362 | 1894-1970 | Life Span of Heinz Hartmann | 61 | |
| 1213587363 | Erik Erikson | Social relationships and formation of personal identity attributed more to development than sexuality. Also had adolescents look for ego identity | 62 | |
| 1213587364 | 1902-1994 | Lifespan of Erik Erikson | 63 | |
| 1213587365 | ego identity | a clearly defined sense of who they are and what they believe in. | 64 | |
| 1213587366 | Margaret Mahler | founded the object relations theory which focuses on the symbolic representations of important others in their lives, especially their parents. | 65 | |
| 1213587367 | 1897-1985 | Lifespan of Margaret Mahler | 66 | |
| 1213587368 | Object relations theory | We introject our parent's personalities into our selves. This may identify who we are. | 67 | |
| 1213587369 | psychosis | a severe form of disturbed behavior characterized by impaired ability to interpret reality and difficulty meeting the demands of daily life. | 68 | |
| 1213587370 | Freud's psychological health | the ability to love and to work | 69 | |
| 1213587371 | behaviorism | fathered by John B. Watson, focuses on the role of learning in explaining both normal and abnormal behavior. | 70 | |
| 1213587372 | 1894-1936 | Lifespan of Ivan Pavlov | 71 | |
| 1213587373 | 1878-1958 | Lifespan of John B. Watson | 72 | |
| 1213587374 | symptomatic | how behaviorism addressed abnormal behavior. | 73 | |
| 1213587375 | 1904-1990 | Lifespan of B.F. Skinner | 74 | |
| 1213587376 | conditioned response | in classical conditioning a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus | 75 | |
| 1213587377 | unconditioned stimulus | a stimulus that elicits an unlearedn response | 76 | |
| 1213587378 | conditioned stimulus | a previously neutral stimulus that evokes a conditioned response after repeated pairing with an unconditioned stimulus that had previously evoked that response. | 77 | |
| 1213587379 | classical conditioning | a form of learning in which a response to one stimulus can be made to occur in response to another stimulus by pairing or associating the two stimuli. | 78 | |
| 1213587380 | Little Albert | An example of classical conditioning with humans as performed by John B. Watson | 79 | |
| 1213587381 | Operant conditioning | a form of learning in which behavior is acquired and strengthened when it is reinforced | 80 | |
| 1213587382 | reinforcement | a stimulus or event that increases the frequency of the responses that it follows. | 81 | |
| 1213587383 | positive reinforcers | reinforcers that, when introduced, increase the frequency of the preceding behavior. | 82 | |
| 1213587384 | negative reinforcers | reinforcers that when removed, increase the frequency of the preceding behavior. | 83 | |
| 1213587385 | punishment | application of aversive or painful stimuli that reduces the frequency of the behavior it follows. | 84 | |
| 1213587386 | social cognitive theory | formerly called the social-learning theory, a learning based theory that emphasizes observational learning and incorporates roles for cognitive variable in determining behavior | 85 | |
| 1213587387 | Modeling | learning by observing and imitating the behavior of others. | 86 | |
| 1213587388 | expectancies | beliefs about expected outcomes. | 87 | |
| 1213587389 | Behavior Therapy | systematically applying learning principle to help people change their behavior. | 88 | |
| 1213587390 | Third force psychology | Humanistic models that began with Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, the focus of which is to live authentically or with purpose | 89 | |
| 1213587391 | 1908-1970 | Lifespan of Abraham Maslow | 90 | |
| 1213587392 | 1902-1987 | Lifespan of Carl Rogers | 91 | |
| 1213587393 | self-actualization | in humanistic psychology the tendency to strive to become all that one is capable of being; the motive that one drives one to reach one's full potential and express one's unique capabilities. | 92 | |
| 1213587394 | unconditional positive regard | Valuing other people as having basic worth regardless of their behavior at a particular time | 93 | |
| 1213587395 | conditional positive regard | valuing other people on the basis of whether their behavior meets one's approval. | 94 | |
| 1213587396 | Client-centered therapy | Carl Roger's method of psychotherapy | 95 | |
| 1213587397 | cognitive distortions | errors in thinking | 96 | |
| 1213587398 | Albert Ellis | cognitive psychologist believed that irrational beliefs we hold about unfortunate experiences foster negative emotions and maladaptive behaviors. | 97 | |
| 1213587399 | Aaron Beck | proposes that depression may result from errors in thinking (Cognitive distortions) | 98 | |
| 1213587400 | Selective abstraction | focus exclusively on parts of their experiences that reveal their flaws and ignore evidence of their competences | 99 | |
| 1213587401 | overgeneralize | example a person may believe that she will never marry because he was rejected by a date. | 100 | |
| 1213587402 | magnification | people blowing things out of proportion | 101 | |
| 1213587403 | absolutist thinking | absolutist thinking is seeing the world in black and white | 102 | |
| 1213587404 | social cultural perspective | we must consider the roles of social and cultural factors, including factors relating to ethnicity, gender and social class. | 103 | |
| 1213587405 | social causation model | the belief that social stressors, such as poverty, account for the greater risk of sever psychological disorders among people of lower socioeconomic status. | 104 | |
| 1213587406 | downward drift hypothesis | the theory that explains the link between low socioeconomic status and behavior problems by suggesting that problem behaviors lead people to drift downward in social status. | 105 | |
| 1213587407 | diathesis-stress model | a model that posits that abnormal behavior problems involve the interaction of vulnerability or predisposition and stressful life events or experiences. | 106 | |
| 1213587408 | diasthesis | a vulnerability or predisposition to a particular disorder. | 107 |
