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ACT Science Challenge words

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365548948absoluteexisting independent of any other cause
365548949accuracyfreedom from mistake; exactness; the relationship between the graduation on a measuring device and the actual standard for the quantity being measured
365548950adverseacting against or in an opposite direction
365548951analogoussimilar or comparable in certain respects
365548952analyzeto study the relationship of the parts of something by analysis
365548953applicationability to put to a practical use; having something to do with the matter at hand
365548954approximatelynearly; an estimate or figure that is almost exact
365548955argumenta reason for or against something
365548956assumptionsomething accepted as true
365548957comprehendto understand fully
365548958concentrationthe ratio of the amount of solute to the amount of solvent or solution
365548959conclusiona position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration
365548960confirmstate or prove the truth of; substantiate; verify
365548961consequencea phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon
365548962consistentSteady; regular
365548963Constantpersistent in occurrence and unvarying in nature
365548964contradictionopposition between two conflicting forces or ideas
365548965control groupin an experiment, a group that serves as a standard of comparison with another group to which the control group is identical except for one factor
365548966controlled experimentan experiment that tests only one factor at a time by using a comparison of a control group with an experimental group
365548967correlationa measure of the extent to which two factors vary together, and thus of how well either factor predicts the other
365548968criticismdisapproval expressed by pointing out faults or shortcomings
365548969definitiveclearly defined or formulated
365548970demonstrate(v.) to clearly explain, show or prove with examples, models, or experiments; to gather in public to support an opinion or cause
365548971dependencea state of being controlled by something else
365548972dependent variableThe outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable.
365548973diminishdecrease in size, extent, or range
365548974direct relationshipa relationship between two factors in which the factors move in the same direction
365548975effectiveproducing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect
365548976estimationan approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth
365548977ethical(adj.) Having to do with morals, values, right and wrong; in accordance with standards of right conduct; requiring a prescription for purchase
365548978evaluationan appraisal of the value of something
365548979evidencecollected body of data from observations and experiments
365548980examineconsider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning
365548981expectationAn anticipated result or performance
365548982experimentthe act of conducting a controlled test or investigation
365548983experimental designthe manner in which a scientist intends to conduct an experiment
365548984experimental groupin an experiment, the group that is exposed to the treatment, that is, to one version of the independent variable.
365548985explanationa statement that makes something comprehensible by describing the relevant structure or operation or circumstances etc.
365548986extrapolationan inference about the future (or about some hypothetical situation) based on known facts and observations
365548987figurea diagram or picture illustrating textual material
365548988fundamentalbeing or involving basic facts or principles
365548989generalizationa conclusion that is used to make a broad statement about a topic or person
365548990hypothesispossible explanation for a set of observations or possible answer to a scientific question
365548991illustrateclarify by giving an example of
365548992implyexpress or state indirectly
365548993inconsistentnot in agreement
365548994incorporateinclude or contain
365548995independent variablethe experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied
365548996indicationsomething that serves to signify; a sign
365548997indicatorany device that measures, records, or visibly points out; any of various substances used to point out, such as, a cause, treatment, or outcome on an action
365548998ingredienta component of a mixture or compound
365548999interpolation(mathematics) calculation of the value of a function between the values already known
365549000inverse (indirect) relationshipthe connection between two variables that shows the opposite effect (i.e., when the value of one variable increases, the value of the other variable decreases)
365549001investigateto look into closely; to study in great detail
365549002irregulardeviating from what is usual or common or to be expected
365549003issuean important question that is in dispute and must be settled
365549004judgementthe capacity to assess situations or circumstances shrewdly and to draw sound conclusions
365549005justifydefend, explain, clear away, or make excuses for by reasoning
365549006legendA list that identifies patterns, symbols, or colors used in a chart.
365549007maximumthe greatest possible degree
365549008measurementa quantitative description that includes both a number and a unit
365549009mechanismthe technical aspects of doing something
365549010minimumthe smallest possible quantity
365549011modelthe act of representing something (usually on a smaller scale)
365549012modifyto change
365549013observationuse of one or more of the senses—sight, hearing, touch, smell, and sometimes taste—to gather information
365549014opiniona belief based on experience and on seeing certain facts
365549015optimummost favorable condition or greatest degree or amount possible under given circumstances
365549016patterna model, guide, or plan used in making things; definite direction, tendency, or characteristics
365549017performget (something) done
365549018phenomenona fact or event which can be observed and/or documented
365549019precisiona measure of how close a series of measurements are to one another
365549020predictto say what will happen before it occurs
365549021preferencea strong liking for one thing over another
365549022probabilitya measure of how likely it is that some event will occur
365549023procedurea particular course of action intended to achieve a result
365549024proponentone who argues in support of something
365549025proportionalproperly related in size or degree or other measurable characteristics
365549026reasonablemarked by sound judgment
365549027refuteprove to be false or incorrect
365549028relationshiphow one thing is connected to another
365549029replicateto duplicate, copy, or repeat
365549030reviseto go over carefully in order to correct or improve
365549031simulationthe act of imitating the behavior of some situation or some process by means of something suitably analogous (especially for the purpose of study or personnel training)
365549032studyapplying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading)
365549033suggestmake a proposal, declare a plan for something
365549034summarizegive the main point or idea
365549035supportestablish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts
365549036theorya well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world
365549037translatechange from one form or medium into another
365549038treatmenta specific experimental condition applied to the units
365549039underlyingThe main, primary, or basic cause of a thing
365549040unita single undivided whole
365549041validitythe ability of a test to measure what it is intended to measure
365549042valuea numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed
365549043variableliable to or capable of change
365549044viewpointa mental position from which things are viewed
365549045controlled variablefactor in an experiment that a scientist purposely keeps the same
365549046interpretationan explanation of something that is not immediately obvious

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