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| 1453882586 | Webster-Ashburton Treaty | 1842 between the US and the Brits, settled boundary disputes in the North West, fixed most borders between US and Canada, talked about slavery and excretion | 0 | |
| 1453882587 | manifest destiny | A notion held by a nineteenth-century Americans that the United States was destined to rule the continent, from the Atlantic the Pacific. Term first coined by John L. Sullivan. This rationale drove the acquisition of territory. | 1 | |
| 1453882588 | mountain men | Men hired by eastern companies to trap animals for fur in the Rocky Mountains and other regions of the US. Trappers and explorers who opened up the western pioneer trails | 2 | |
| 1453882589 | Oregon Fever | 1842 - Many Eastern and Midwestern farmers and city dwellers were dissatisfied with their lives and began moving up the Oregon trail to the Willamette Valley. This free land was widely publicized., Over 5,000 Americans migrated to the Oregon Territory while it was still partly occupied by the British. | 3 | |
| 1453882590 | Franciscan Missions p. 569 | In 1769, Franciscan missioners accompanied Spanish soldiers to California and over the next fifty years established a chain of missions from San Diego to San Francisco. At these missions, friars sought to convert Indians to Catholicism and make them members of the Spanish empire. The friars stripped the Indians of their native heritage and used soldiers to enforce their will. | 4 | |
| 1453882591 | Overland Trails p. 572 | Westward trail route of wagon trains bearing settlers; collective experience; despite contradicting stories, Indian attacks were extremely rare & more helpful than harmful. This trail began at several different jumping-off points along the Missouri River. Popular jumping-off points were Independence, Missouri, Omaha, Nebraska, and Council Bluffs, Iowa. Parts of it were based on traditional Native American trails, and it connected to the Great Trail which led back to the East Coast | 5 | |
| 1453882592 | John C. Fremont " the Pathfinder" p. 578 | First presidential candidate of the republican party. 3rd expedition - looked for Arkansas River., | 6 | |
| 1453882593 | Stephen F. Austin p. 579 | The son of Moses Austin and also known as the "Father of Texas" he lead "the old 300" into Texas after his father died of pneumonia even though he did not want to., He brought 300 families into Texas by 1825. Initially a moderate, but alarmed by Santa Anna's brutal treatment of rebels, he became a radical who wanted an independent Texas. | 7 | |
| 1453882594 | Tejanos p. 579 | Native Mexicans who lived in Texas, Mexican residents of Texas. Many fought with the Americans in the Revolution, but after Texas was independent, the Americans didn't trust them. The Americans feared they were spies and drove many out of Texas. | 8 | |
| 1453882595 | General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna p. 579 | Seized power in Mexico after collapse of empire of Mexico in 1824; after brief reign of liberals, seized power in 1835 as caudillo; defeated by Texans in war for independence in 1836; defeated by United States in Mexican-American War in 1848; unseated by liberal rebellion in 1854.in 1853 sold territory to the United States including that area known as the Gadsden Purchase. He captured the missionary called the Alamo and killed all of its defenders, which inspired Texas to continue the resistance and Americans to volunteer to fight for Texas. The Texans captured him during a surprise attack and he bought his freedom by signing a treaty recognizing Texas's independence | 9 | |
| 1453882596 | Battle of the Alamo p. 581 | 1836 attack on the Alamo mission in San Antonio by mexican forces during the texas revolution, Texans were greatly outnumbered and many were killed by the Mexicans. However, Texans were then inspired to seek revenge. | 10 | |
| 1453882597 | Sam Houston p. 581 | United States politician and military leader who fought to gain independence for Texas from Mexico and to make it a part of the United States (1793-1863), First president of the Republic of Texas | 11 | |
| 1453882598 | Lone Star Republic p. 582 | nickname for Texas after it won independence from Mexico in 1836, The texans had carried a flag with a simgle white star after winning independence, they nicknamed their nation the lone star republic | 12 | |
| 1453882599 | James Knox Polk, "Young Hickory" p. 584 | "Young Hickory", 11th President Took office from 1845-1849. Democratic Party. His expansionism led to the Mexican War and the annexation of California and much of the southwest (1795-1849) | 13 | |
| 1453882600 | Winfield Scott p. 591 | United States general who was a hero of the War of 1812 and who defeated Santa Anna in the Mexican War (1786-1866), was a United States Army general, diplomat, and presidential candidate. Known as "Old Fuss and Feathers" and the "Grand Old Man of the Army", he served on active duty as a general longer than any other man in American history and most historians rate him the ablest American commander of his time. Over the course of his fifty-year career, he commanded forces in the War of 1812, the Mexican-American War, the Black Hawk War, the Second Seminole War, and, briefly, the American Civil War, conceiving the Union strategy known as the Anaconda Plan that would be used to defeat the Confederacy. | 14 | |
| 1453882601 | Bear Flag Republic p. 592 | nickname for California after it declared independence from Mexico in 1846. became the present-day state of California | 15 | |
| 1453882602 | Zachary Taylor p. 593 | 12th U.S. President. 1849-1850 (Died in office of natural causes). Whig, (1849-1850), Whig president who was a Southern slave holder, and war hero (Mexican-American War). Won the 1848 election. Surprisingly did not address the issue of slavery at all on his platform. He died during his term and his Vice President was Millard Fillmore. | 16 | |
| 1453882603 | "Young Hickory" p. 584 | Nickame given to James Polk due to his similar beliefs and birthplace as Andrew Jackson | 17 |
