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| 1761303527 | black codes | laws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves; passed by southern states post civil war | 0 | |
| 1761303528 | civil rights act of 1866 | formally made african americans citizens of the US and gave congress and the federal courts the power to intervene when states attempted to restrict citizenship rights of african americans (denied legal rights to newly freed slaves and overturned black codes) | 1 | |
| 1761303529 | 13th amendment | one of three civil war amendments, bans slavery in the US | 2 | |
| 1761303530 | 14th amendment | one of three civil war amendments, guarantees equal protection and due process of law to all US citizens | 3 | |
| 1761303531 | equal protection clause | section of the 14th amendment, guarantees all citizens to receive "equal protection of the laws" | 4 | |
| 1761303532 | 15th amendment | one of three civil war amendments, guaranteed the "rights to citizens" to vote regardless of their "race, color, or previous servitude" | 5 | |
| 1761303533 | jim crow laws | laws enacted by southern states that required segregation in public schools, theaters, hotels, and other public accommodations | 6 | |
| 1761303534 | civil rights cases 1883 | 5 separate cases, discrimination e.g. refusing to extend accommodations to african americans in theaters, hotels, and railroads, could not be prohibited by the act because discrimination was private, not state discrimination | 7 | |
| 1761303535 | poll tax | tax levied in many southern states and localities that had to be paid before an eligible voter could cast a ballot | 8 | |
| 1761303536 | literacy tests | allowed local voter registration officials to administer difficult reading/comprehension tests to potential voters whom they did not know | 9 | |
| 1761303537 | grandfather clause | voter qualification provision in many southern states that allowed only those citizens who's grandfathers had voted before Reconstruction to vote unless they passed a wealth or literacy test | 10 | |
| 1761303538 | suffrage movement | drive for voting rights for women that took place in the US from 1890-1920 | 11 | |
| 1761303539 | 19th amendment | guaranteed women the right to vote | 12 | |
| 1761303540 | civil rights act of 1964 | wide-ranging legislation passed by congress to outlaw segregation in public facilities and discrimination in education, employment, and voting | 13 | |
| 1761303541 | equal rights amendment | proposed amendment to the constitution that states "equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the US or any state on account of sex" | 14 | |
| 1761303542 | equal pay act of 1963 | legislation that requires employers to pay men and women equal pay for equal work | 15 | |
| 1761303543 | title 9 | provision of the education amendments of 1972 that bars educational institutions that receive federal funds from discriminating against female students | 16 | |
| 1761303544 | Brown v. B.O.E. | Bans segregation | 17 | |
| 1761303545 | Affirmative action | Policies designed to give special attention or compensatory treatment to members of a previously disadvantaged group. | 18 |
