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American History: A Survey, 12/e (Ch. 24) Flashcards

The New Era

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600285263Normalacyreturning to a normal life after the war
600285264Little SteelThe smaller steel companies were known as this. They were unyielding in their opposition.
600285265General MotorsRegarded as the most powerful corporation in the world, in the late 1930's. UAW (United Auto Workers) took it over.
600285266Trade Associationnonprofit organization that promotes the interests of a particular industry
600285267Welfare Capitalismwhen companies provide incentives to build better relationships with employees; health insurance, safety standards, buy stock in the company
600285268William GreenUnited States labor leader who was president of the American Federation of Labor from 1924 to 1952 and who led the struggle with the Congress of Industrial Organizations (1873-1952)
600285269Phillip RandolphAfrican American labor leader who achieved equal rights at the workplace; Leader of Brotherhood of the Sleeping Car
600285270Barrioswhere many Mexican and Mexican Americans of the California region ended up living as the lower end of the state's working class, mostly in Los Angeles.
600285271The American PlanA reaction to the "closed-shop" industries where only union members could be employed. In an open shop, union membership is not required and was sometimes forbidden
600285272Parityfunctional equality
600285273McNary-Haugen Billit sought to keep agricultural prices high by having the government buy surpluses to sell abroad, vetoed twice by Coolidge
600285274Bruce Bartona leader of the advertising industry and author of a new interpretation on Christ in The Man Nobody Knows
600285275Henry FordUnited States manufacturer of automobiles who pioneered mass production (1863-1947)
600285276Ernest HemingwayOne of the most famous Lost Generation writer
600285277H L Menckenyoung author; published the monthly American Mercury; assailed marriage, patriotism, democracy, prohibition, Rotarians, and the middle class Americans; dismissed the South and attacked the Puritans
600285278Sinclair LewisUnited States novelist who satirized middle-class America in his novel Main Street (1885-1951)
600285279F Scott Fitzgeraldwriter of "This Side of Paradise" and "The Great Gatsby" who coined the term "Jazz Age"
600285280John DeweyUnited States pragmatic philosopher who advocated progressive education (1859-1952)
600285281Harlem Renaissancea period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art and music and literature flourished
600285282Langston HughesThis man was well known for making the Harlem Renaissance famous because of his poems.
600285283I'll Take My Standcollection of essays published in 1930 that glorified the Southern agrarian lifestyle. Denounced as reactionary, but was above all a critique of industrialization.
600285284The Noble ExperimentProhibition
600285285Al CaponeUnited States gangster who terrorized Chicago during Prohibition until arrested for tax evasion (1899-1947)
600285286Wets and Driesnames given to supports or opponents of the prohibition
600285287National Origins Act 1924in 1924 and 1929, congress imposed even more restrictions on immigrants. in addition, the US completely prohibited immigration from Asia.
600285288Leo FrankAmerican Jew lynched in Atlanta for the murder of a white girl superintendent of a pencil factory
600285289The Jazz Singerfirst movie with sound
600285290Will HaysRan the production office known as the Hays Office that censored or cleaned up movies
600285291New Professional Womanused to describe the women that were joining the workplace
600285292BehavioristsSocial scientists who focus on the environmental rewards and punishers that maintain or discourage specific behaviors.
600285293companionate marriageA form of marriage in which the husband and wife are expected to be emotionally intimate and to engage in social activities together
600285294Margaret Sangershe organized a birth-control movement which openly championed the use of contraceptives in the 1920's.
600285295Flapperwomen in the 1920's who bobbed their hair, wore short skirts, and defied the morals and restrictions of the earlier generations
600285296National Women's Partya women's organization founded in 1916 that fought for women's rights during the early 20th century in the United States, particularly for the right to vote on the same terms as men
600285297Alice Paulhead of the National Woman's party that campaigned for an equal rights amendment to the Constitution. She opposed legislation protecting women workers because such laws implied women's inferiority. Most condemned her way of thinking.
600285298League of Women's VotersA group that encourages women to vote. Before the nineteenth amendment, they sought women's suffrage.
600285299Sheppard-Towner ActU.S. Act of Congress providing federal funding for maternity and child care, a response to the lack of adequate medical care for women and children
600285300Self-Made Manaccording to this idea, those who achieved success in America did so not as a result of hereditary privilege or government favoritism, but through their own intelligence and hard work. As thought by John Jacob Astor.
600285301Thomas EdisonInventor of lightbulb, phonograph and numerous other innovations
600285302Charles LindbergAmerican hero who was the first to fly solo from New York to Paris
600285303Lost GenerationGroup of writers in 1920s who shared the belief that they were lost in a greedy, materialistic world that lacked moral values and often choose to flee to Europe
600285304D W Griffithcarried the motion picture into the new era with his silent epics (The Birth of a Nation, Intolerance, etc.) which introduced serious plots and elaborate productions to filmmaking.
600285305The New KlanThey were part of the hysteria response to the changes, but they began to not discriminate against just blacks but jews and most foreigners in general. This group came back stronger and more powerful than ever.
600285306FundamentalistsBroad movement in Protestantism in the U.S. which tried to preserve what it considered the basic ideas of Christianity against criticism by liberal theologies. It stressed the literal truths of the Bible and creation.
600285307ModernistsAn artist who rejected enlightenment thinking and tried to reshape, and improve on the surrounding world. It developed partly in response to WWI in that it stands out against technology.
600285308Billy SundayPreacher and Former Pro Baseball Player- Key figure in the prohibition movement
600285309American Civil Liberties UnionThis group offered free counsel to any Tennessee educator willing to defy the law in Tennessee against teaching evolution.
600285310The Scopes Trial- it's illegal to teach evolution in schools (fundamentalism)
600285311Al SmithGovernor of New York. Lost presidential election to Herbert Hoover. Emphasized his lowly beginnings, identified himself with immigrants, and campaigned as a man of the people.
600285312Herbert HooverRepublican candidate who assumed the presidency in March 1929 promising the American people prosperity and attempted to first deal with the Depression by trying to restore public faith in the community.
600285313Warren Hardingpresident who called for a return to normalcy following WWI
600285314Calvin CoolidgeBecame president when Harding died. Tried to clean up scandals. Business prospered and people's wealth increased
600285315The Ohio GangGroup of corrupt friends that Harding brought to White House. More interested in exploiting their jobs for their own financial benefit.
600285316Teapot Dome Scandalsymbol of government corruption; government oil reserves were secretly leased to oil companies in exchange for financial compensation
600285317Andrew MellonSecretary of Treasury under President Harding, Coolidge and Hoover, who instituted a Republican policy of reduced government spending, lower taxes to the wealthy and higher tariffs
600285318Lochner v. New York 1905Declared unconstitutional a New York act limiting the working hours of bakers due to a denial of the 14th Amendment rights.

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