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| 161665273 | Continental Army | The official army of the colonies, created by second continental congress and led by George Washington | |
| 161665274 | ally | nation that works with another nation for a common purpose | |
| 161665275 | Treaty of Paris, 1783 | Treaty Between England and the Colonies , formally ended the American Revolutionary War | |
| 161665276 | Republic | A form of government in which citizens choose their leaders by voting | |
| 161665277 | Articles of Confederation | this document, the nations first constitution, was adopted by the second continental congress in 1781 during the revolution. the document was limited because states held most of the power, and congress lacked the power to tax, regulate trade, or control coinage | |
| 161665278 | Northwest Territory | part of the land given to the Americans by the British in the treaty of Paris | |
| 161665279 | Northwest Ordinance | The 1787 Northwest Ordinance defined the process by which new states could be admitted into the Union from the Northwest Territory. He ordinance forbade slavery in the territory but allowed citizens to vote on the legality of slavery once statehood had been established. The Northwest Ordinance was the most lasting measure of the national government under the Articles of Confederation | |
| 161665280 | Virginia Plan | Virginia delegate James Madison's plan of government, in which states got a number of representatives in Congress based on their population | |
| 161665281 | New Jersey Plan | Opposite of the Virginia Plan, it proposed a single-chamber congress in which each state had one vote. This created a conflict with representation between bigger states, who wanted control befitting their population, and smaller states, who didn't want to be bullied by larger states. | |
| 161665282 | Great Compromise | Compromise made by Constitutional Convention in which states would have equal representation in one house of the legislature and representation based on population in the other house | |
| 161665283 | Three Fifths Compromise | agreement at the constitutional Convention that 3/5 of the slaves in any state be counted in its population | |
| 161665284 | Federalists | Supporters of the Constitution that were led by Alexander Hamilton and John Adams. They firmly believed the national government should be strong. They didn't want the Bill of Rights because they felt citizens' rights were already well protected by the Constitution. | |
| 161665285 | Anti-Federalists | Opposed the adoption of the U.S. Constitution b/c it gave too much power to the national govt at the expense of the state govts and it lacked a bill of rights | |
| 161665286 | Bill of Rights | The first ten amendments to the Constitution | |
| 161665287 | Preamble | Introduction to the Constitution | |
| 161665288 | Legislative Branch | the branch of government that makes the laws. | |
| 161665289 | Executive Branch | the branch of government that carries out or enforces laws | |
| 161665290 | Judicial Branch | The branch of government that interprets laws | |
| 161665291 | Cabinet | persons appointed by the president to head executive departments of government and act as official advisers | |
| 161665292 | tariff | a government tax on imports or exports | |
| 161665293 | Whiskey Rebellion | a protest caused by tax on liquor; it tested the will of the government, Washington's quick response showed the government's strength and mercy | |
| 161665294 | XYZ Affair | incident of the late 1790s in which French secret agents demanded a bribe and a loan to France in lieu of negotiating a dispute John Adams was president | |
| 161665295 | Alien and Sedition Acts | A series of laws that sought to restrict the activities of people who opposed Federalist policies during John Adams presidency | |
| 161665296 | Marbury vs. Madison | Case in which the supreme court first asserted th power of Judicial review - Supreme court can declare laws unconsitutional | |
| 161665297 | Judicial Review | the power of the Supreme Court to declare laws and actions of local, state, or national governments unconstitutional | |
| 161665298 | Louisiana Purchase | territory in western United States purchased from France in 1803 for $15 million during Jefferson's Presidency | |
| 161665299 | Lewis and Clark Expedition | an expedition sent by Thomas Jefferson to explore the northwestern territories of the United States | |
| 161665300 | impressment | British practice of taking American sailors and forcing them into military service |
