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American Journey - Chapter 24 Terms - The Jazz Age 1919-1929 Flashcards

The American Journey Chapter 24 6th Grade Social Studies

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1017229632CapitalismAn economic system based on private property and free enterprise. The Bolsheviks encouraged workers to overthrow this system anywhere it existed.1
1017229633AnarchistsPeople who believe there should be no government. These people fanned the fears of "Bolshevism" - the idea of overthrowing capitalism - in the U.S.2
1017229634Red Scare1919-1920; a period when the government went after "Reds," or Communists. Mitchell Palmer and Edgar Hoover ordered the arrest of people suspected of being Communists or anarchists and staged raids on "suspicious" groups. The government deported a few hundred aliens. In time, people realized this "danger" was greatly exaggerated.3
1017229635Sacco and VanzettiJuly 1921; two Italian immigrants, Nicola _____ and Bartolomeo _______, were convicted of the crime of robbing a shoe store and killing two people and then sentenced to death. However, neither men had a criminal record, and after their execution, many believed they had nothing to do with the crime. This shows the feelings against foreigners and radicals.4
1017229636Red AgitatorsThe accused steel strikers who demanded higher wages and an eight-hour work day.5
1017229637Warren G. HardingThe Republican president in 1920; he created the "Ohio Gang," a group of his friends and political supporters whom he gave jobs in government to. Many of these appointees were unqualified, and some turned out to be corrupt. This president was not directly involved: "I have no trouble with my enemies," he said. "But my friends...they're the ones that keep me walking the floor nights!"6
1017229638Teapot Dome Scandal1922; the biggest scandal in the Harding administration involving Albert Fall. He secretly leased government oil reserves in California and _______ ____, Wyoming to the owners of two oil companies to receive over $400,000 in exchange. He was convicted of bribery and sent to prison, becoming the first cabinet member to go to jail.7
1017229639Calvin CoolidgeThis VP who took over after Harding's death had a nickname of "Silent Cal" and had a reputation for honesty. He replaced corrupted members of the Ohio Gang with honest officials. He believed that the best government was the least government and did not want the nation to join the League of Nations. Many other Americans supported this policy of isolationism.8
1017229640Five-Power TreatyFebruary 1922; This treaty was signed between the U.S., Britain, Japan, France, and Italy to limit the size of the nations' navies. This marked the first time in modern history that world powers agreed to disarm.9
1017229641Kellogg-Briand PactAugust 1928; the U.S. joined 14 other nations in signing the ________-_____ ____ which called for outlawing war. 48 other nations also soon signed this pact, but it lacked any means of enforcing peace.10
1017229642Gross national product1922; the nation's _____ _______ ______ (GNP), the total value of all goods and services produced, was $70 billion. By 1929, it had risen to $100 billion.11
1017229643Welfare capitalismThe steps of setting up safety programs that lowered the risk of death/injury, providing health and accident insurance, and encouraging workers to buy stock in the company were designed to link workers more closely to the company they worked for.12
1017229644Installment buyingA type of buying where consumers could now buy products by promising to pay small, regular amounts over a period of time. One critic of installment buying called the system "a dollar down and a dollar a week forever." However, this new method boosted consumer spending.13
1017229645Henry FordThe pioneer in the manufacturing of affordable automobiles with his Model T, which was built using assembly line methods. The car was sturdy, reliable, inexpensive, and available only in black. In 1914, he announced that he would pay workers $5 a day. Workers were happy, and Ford had many customers. By 1924, his car sold for less than $300.14
101722964619th Amendment1920; guaranteed women in all states the right to vote.15
1017229647FlappersCarefree women with short, "bobbed" hair, heavy makeup, a bold, boyish look, and short skirts. This symbolized the new "liberated" woman of the 1920s.16
1017229648Mass mediaForms of communication, such as newspapers and radio, that reach millions of people.17
1017229649Babe RuthAn idolized baseball player who hit 60 home runs in 1927 - a record that would stand for 34 years.18
1017229650Jazz AgeThe era in the 1920s in which jazz captured the spirit of many people. It had its roots in the South in A-A work songs and music. It is a blend of ragtime and blues, and it uses dynamic rhythms and improvisations. (Trumpeter Louis Armstrong, pianist and composer Duke Ellington, and singer Bessie Smith)19
1017229651Langston HughesAn A-A writer who joined the growing number of African writers and artists who gathered in Harlem, and A-A section of NY City.20
1017229652Harlem RenaissanceThis movement was a burst of creativity in the 1920s - a flowering of A-A culture. This movement instilled an interest in African culture and pride in being African American. During this time, many writers wrote about A-A experience in novels, poems, and short stories.21
1017229653The Lost GenerationRootless American writers who were disappointed with American values and were in search of inspiration. These people, called expatriates (people who choose to live in another country) were called ____ ______ ________ by writer Gertrude Stein.22
101722965418th Amendment1919; this amendment established Prohibition.23
1017229655ProhibitionA total ban on the manufacture, sale, and transportation of liquor throughout the U.S.24
1017229656Volstead ActAn act passed by Congress to provide the means of enforcing Prohibition.25
101722965721st Amendment1933; this amendment repealed the 18th Amendment - Prohibition.26
1017229658NativismThe belief that native-born Americans are superior to foreigners. With this the Ku Klux Klan took control by pressuring and scaring Catholics, Jews, immigrants, etc.27
1017229659Emergency Quota Act1921; this act established a quota system - an arrangement placing a limit on the number of immigrants from each country. According to the act, only 3% of the total number of people in any national group already living in the U.S. would be admitted each year.28
1017229660National Origins Act1924; a revision of the Emergency Quota Act - it reduced the annual country quota from 3 to 2% and based it on the census of 1890. The law excluded Japanese immigrants completely. Chinese immigrants were already excluded from a previous law.29
1017229661Scopes TrialA highly publicized trial in 1925 when John Thomas Scopes deliberately violated a Tennessee state law by teaching evolution in high school. He was convicted of breaking the law and fined $100, but the fundamentalists (saw evolution as a challenge to Christian beliefs) lost the larger battle. Clarence Darrow, in the defense of Scopes, made it seem as it William Jennings Bryan (strong opponent of evolution) wanted to impose his religious beliefs on the entire nation.30

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