Ch.31 Roaring Twenties
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| 132485397 | A. Mitchell Palmer | Attorney General who rounded up many suspects who were thought to be un-American and socialistic; he helped to increase the Red Scare; he was nicknamed the "Fighting Quaker" until a bomb destroyed his home; he then had a nervous breakdown and became known as the "Quaking Fighter." | |
| 132485398 | Al Capone | An Italian-American gangster who led a Prohibition-era crime syndicate. | |
| 132485399 | John Dewey | He was a philosopher who believed in "learning by doing" which formed the foundation of progressive education. He believed that the teachers' goal should be "education for life and that the workbench is just as important as the blackboard." | |
| 132485400 | John T. Scopes | Was indicted for teaching evolution in Tennessee. His trial was watched all over the country. This trial represented the Fundamentalist vs. the Modernalist. In the outcome he was only fined $100.00 dollars. While it seemed the Fundamentalists had won, the trial made them look bad. | |
| 132485401 | William Jennings Bryan | Joined the prosecution in the " Monkey Trials" (Scopes Trial) against the teachings of evolution in schools, he was supposed to be an expert on the Bible, but was made to look silly in the case and died soon afterward. | |
| 132485402 | Clarence Darrow | A famed criminal defense lawyer for Scopes, who supported evolution. He caused William Jennings Bryan to appear foolish when Darrow questioned Bryan about the Bible. | |
| 132485403 | Andrew Mellon | The Secretary of the Treasury during the Harding Administration. He felt it was best to invest in tax-exempt securities rather than in factories that provided prosperous payrolls. He believed in trickle down economics. | |
| 132485404 | Bruce Barton | A founder of the "new profession" of advertising, which used the persuasion ploy, seduction, and sexual suggestion. He was a prominent New York partner in a Madison Avenue firm. He published a best seller in 1925, The Man Nobody Knows, suggesting that Jesus Christ was the greatest ad man of all time. | |
| 132485405 | Henry Ford | Made assembly line production more efficient in his Rouge River plant near Detroit- a finished car would come out every 10 seconds. He helped to make car inexpensive so more Americans could buy them. | |
| 132485406 | Frederick W. Taylor | An engineer, an inventor, and a tennis player. He sought to eliminate wasted motion. Famous for scientific-management especially time-management studies. | |
| 132485407 | Charles Lindbergh | An American aviator who was famous for flying from New York to Paris. | |
| 132485408 | Margaret Sanger | She led an organized birth control movement that openly championed the use of contraceptives. | |
| 132485409 | Sigmund Freud | The Viennese physician that believed sexual repression was responsible for a variety of nervous and emotional diseases. He argued that health demanded sexual gratification and liberation. | |
| 132485410 | H.L. Mencken | A patron to many young writers in the 1920's. criticized many subjects; the middle class, democracy, marriage and patriotism in AMERICAN MERCURY. | |
| 132485411 | F. Scott Fitzgerald | He belonged to the Lost Generation of Writers. He wrote the famous novel "The Great Gatsby" which explored the glamour and cruelty of an achievement-oriented society. | |
| 132485412 | Ernest Hemingway | Fought in Italy in 1917. became a famous author who wrote "The Sun Also Rises" and "A Farewell to Arms." In the 1920's he became upset with the idealism of America versus the realism he saw in World War I. in 1961 he shot himself in the head. | |
| 132485413 | Sinclair Lewis | Lewis was the chief chronicler of Midwestern life. He was a master of satire and wrote "Main Street and Babbit". | |
| 132485414 | William Faulkner | Writer; In 1926 he wrote a bitter war novel called "Soldier's Pay". He also wrote many other books about t Southerners during the Civil War. | |
| 132485415 | Nativists | Term for those who were against immigration; anti-foreign. | |
| 132485416 | Progressive education | The belief that education must be based on the principle that humans are social animals who learn best in real-life activities with other people. | |
| 132485417 | Buying On Margin | This kind of buying stocks was usually only used by poor and middle class people. They would buy the stock, but only pay for part of it and borrow money from the stockbrokers to pay the rest. Then when they sold the stock for a higher price, they would pay the broker off and keep the rest of the profit. This practice led to the great depression, because the banks couldn't get their money back when the stock market crashed. | |
| 132485418 | Red Scare | Erupted in the early 1920's. Americans were scared that communism would come into the US. Left-winged supporters were suspected. This fear of communism helped businessman who used it to stop labor strikes. | |
| 132485419 | Sacco and Vanzetti Case | Nicola Sacco was a shoe-factory worker and Bartholomew Vanzetti was a fish peddler. They were both convicted of murdering a Massachusetts paymaster and his guard in 1921. They were supported by Liberals and Radicals. The case lasted 6 years and resulted in execution based on weak evidence. Mainly because Americans were xenophobic (afraid of foreigners). | |
| 132485420 | Ku Klux Klan | In the 1920s this group was very anti-foreign. It was against all groups which did not have a protestant background. They were most prevalent in the Midwest and the south. They eventually became less popular when Klan officials were caught embezzling money. | |
| 132485421 | Emergency Quota Act | This law restricted immigration to 3% of each nationality that was in the United States in 1910. | |
| 132485422 | Immigration Quota Act | Was passed in 1924--cut quotas for foreigners from 3 % to 2% of the total number of immigrants in 1890--purpose was to freeze America's existing racial composition (which was largely Northern European) --prevented Japanese from immigrating, causing outrage in Japan. | |
| 132485423 | Volstead Act | Implemented the 18th Amendment. | |
| 132485424 | Fundamentalism | A movement that pushed that the teachings of Darwin were destroying faith in God and the Bible. It consisted of the old-time religionists who didn't want to conform to modern science. | |
| 132485425 | Modernists | Believed that God was a "good guy" and the universe a pretty chummy place; these were the people who believed in God but were also able to except evolution and modern science. | |
| 132485426 | Flappers | The dynamic 1920's revealed women notorious for their risky attire and dance styles. exemplified the new sexually frank generation. | |
| 132485427 | Florida Land Boom | Florida's first real estate bubble, which burst in 1925, leaving behind entire new cities and the remains of failed development projects such as Isola di Lolando in north Biscayne Bay. |
