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| 5781686962 | What is exemplary of the Presidencies: Harding, Coolidge, Hoover | 0 | ||
| 5781686963 | Communism: Red Scare | A nationwide crusade to stop Communism which was believed to have threatened "Americanism." The hysteria and paranoia created resulted in the rounding up of thousands of suspects. Criminal syndicalism laws were passed that made it illegal to advocate violence to secure social change. This constricted the right of free speech granted by the first amendment. Many IWW members and radicals were prosecuted as a result. | 1 | |
| 5781686964 | Mitchel Palmer: Palmer Raids | Was head of the Witch hunt that was related to the red scare that occured around the time of the Russian revolution. He jailed anyone who spoke of communism or anarchy. The people who were put in jail were treated terribly. | 2 | |
| 5781686965 | Ku Klux Klan | started right after the Civil War in 1866. The Southern establishment took charge by passing discriminatory laws known as the black codes. Gives whites almost unlimited power. They masked themselves and burned black churches, schools, and terrorized black people. They are anti-black and anti-Semitic. | 3 | |
| 5781686966 | New Immigration | The large immigration of 800,000 to the U.S. between 1920 and 1921 Two-thirds of the immigration were from Southern and Eastern Europe in which the "native" Americans believed that Europe was dumping "the wretched refuse." This resulted in Congress issuing Emergency Quota Act of 1921 and then it was replaced by the Immigration Act of 1924. | 4 | |
| 5781686967 | Immigration Acts and Quota System | Emergency Quota Act: An act designed to restrict the flow of immigrants into the U.S. A nation would have to fulfill a quota in order to continue sending immigrants. The requirement for a nationality was to have 3% of its total population living in the U.S. during the 1910 census. This was favorable for Southern and Eastern Europe who many immigrants had already moved to the U.S. by 1910. | 5 | |
| 5781686968 | Sacco and Vanzetti | Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were Italian immigrants charged with murdering a guard and robbing a shoe factory in Braintree; Mass. The trial lasted from 1920-1927. Convicted on circumstantial evidence; many believed they had been framed for the crime because of their anarchist and pro-union activities. | 6 | |
| 5781686969 | Al Capone | a mob king in Chicago who controlled a large network of speakeasies with enormous profits. His illegal activities convey the failure of prohibition in the twenties and the problems with gangs. | 7 | |
| 5781686970 | John Dewey and Education | Significantly contributed to the educational theory by his principle of "learning by doing" which eventually led to the formation of progressive education. He believed that teachers should prepare students for life. | 8 | |
| 5781686971 | The Jazz Singer | First motion picture film to have synchronized dialogue | 9 | |
| 5781686972 | "Lost Generation" | A group of American writers that rebelled against America's lack of cosmopolitan culture in the early 20th century. Many moved to cultural centers such as London in Paris in search for literary freedom. Prominent writers included T.S. Eliot, Ezra Pound, and Ernest Hemingway among others. | 10 | |
| 5781686973 | Langston Hughes | 1902-1967 A famous poet who lived most of his life in Harlem. Harlem vibrant, creative culture helped inspire many of Hughes' work. | 11 | |
| 5781686974 | Andrew Mellon: tax policies | the Secretary of the Treasury during the Harding Administration. He felt it was best to invest in tax-exempt securities rather than in factories that provided prosperous payrolls. He believed in trickle down economics. (Hamiltonian economics) | 12 | |
| 5781686975 | Margaret Sanger | American leader of the movement to legalize birth control during the early 1900's. As a nurse in the poor sections of New York City, she had seen the suffering caused by unwanted pregnancy. Founded the first birth control clinic in the U.S. and the American Birth Control League, which later became Planned Parenthood. | 13 | |
| 5781686976 | Fundamentalists and Modernists | First: Broad movement in Protestantism in the U.S. which tried to preserve what it considered the basic ideas of Christianity against criticism by liberal theologies. It stressed the literal truths of the Bible and creation. Second: An artist who rejected enlightenment thinking and tried to reshape, and improve on the surrounding world. It developed partly in response to WWI in that it stands out against technology. | 14 | |
| 5781686977 | Marcus Garvey | Founded the United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA). The organization's goal was to send African Americans back to their native homeland, Africa. However his business enterprises failed and he was convicted in 1927 for alleged mail fraud. As a result, the U. S. Government deported him back to his birthplace in Jamaica. | 15 | |
| 5781686978 | F. Scott Fitzgerald: Great Gatsby | a novelist and chronicler of the jazz age. his wife, zelda and he were the "couple" of the decade but hit bottom during the depression. His novel THE GREAT GATSBY is considered a masterpiece about a gangster's pursuit of an unattainable rich girl. | 16 | |
| 5781686979 | Adkins v. Children's Hospital | Declared unconsitutional a minimum wage law for women on the grounds that it denied women freedom of contract, reversed Muller v Oregon in a sense | 17 | |
| 5781686980 | Nine-Power Treaty | 1922. Treaty that was essentially a reinvention of the Open Door Policy. All members to allow equal and fair trading rights with China and respect the territorial rights of China. Signed by the US, Japan, China, France, Great Britain, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, and Portugal. | 18 | |
| 5781686981 | Teapot Dome Scandal | 1929 - The Naval strategic oil reserve at Elk Hills, also known as "Tea Pot Dome" was taken out of the Navy's control and placed in the hands of the Department of the Interior, which leased the land to oil companies. Several Cabinet members received huge payments as bribes. Due to the investigation government officials Daugherty, Denky, and Fall were forced to resign. | 19 | |
| 5781686982 | Hoovervilles | Shanty towns that the unemployed built in the cities during the early years of the Depression; the name given to them shows that thte people blamed Hoover directly for the Depression. | 20 | |
| 5781686983 | Bonus Army | 1932 - Facing the financial crisis of the Depression, WW I veterans tried to pressure Congress to pay them their retirement bonuses early. Congress considered a bill authorizing immediate assurance of $2.4 billion, but it was not approved. Angry veterans marched on Washington, D.C., and Hoover called in the army to get the veterans out of there. | 21 | |
| 5781686984 | Scopes Trial: William Jennings Bryan and Clarence Darrow | The indictment of a high school biology teacher for teaching evolution. He was prosecuted by religious fundamentalists including William Jennings Bryan. Darrow was a framed criminal lawyer in the "monkey trial" who made William Jennings Bryan appear foolish. | 22 | |
| 5781686985 | Sigmund Freud | A Viennese physician who theorized that sexual repression caused numerous of nervous and emotional ills and that sexual gratification and liberation would give health benefits. | 23 | |
| 5781686986 | Ernest Hemingway | A writer who responded to propaganda and patriotism through writing. In 1926 he released The Sun Also Rises which is story about Americans that resided in Europe. In 1929 he wrote A Farewell to Arms which shows the war experience through a soldier. | 24 | |
| 5781686987 | Sinclair Lewis | A journalist/writer who wrote the satirical story Main Street which showed a women's war against narrow mindedness. In 1922, He wrote the satire Babbitt which showed the conformity (how people's thoughts and behaviors are influenced by other people in their environment) and the emptiness of the middle class. Won the first American Nobel Prize in Literature | 25 | |
| 5781686988 | Charles Evan Hughes | He was the Republican governor of New York who ran for the presidency in 1916. He lost to Wilson. He was a strong reformer who gained his national fame as an investigator of malpractices in gas and insurance companies. In 1921 he became Harding's Secretary of State. He called together the major powers to the Washington Disarmament Conference in 1921. | 26 | |
| 5781686989 | Albert Fall | He was Secretery of the Interior during Harding's administration, and was a scheming anticonservationist. He was convicted of leasing naval oil reserves and collecting bribes, which was called the Tea Pot Dome scandal. | 27 | |
| 5781686990 | "Ohio Gang" | A group of poker-playing, men that were friends of President Warren Harding. Harding appointed them to offices and they used their power to gain money for themselves. They were involved in scandals that ruined Harding's reputation even though he wasn't involved. | 28 | |
| 5781686991 | American Legion | Founded in Paris in 1919 by Theodore Roosevelt Jr. It was a group of veterans that met periodically to renew old hardships and let off steam. They became distinguished for their militant patriotism, conservatism, and anti-radicalism. They were also notorious for their aggressive lobbying for veteran's benefits. The chief grievance of these former "dough-boys" was monetary. They demanded "adjusted compensation" for the wages they had lost during the war. Their lobbying worked on Congress in 1922 but Harding vetoed it. But then in 1924 Congress passed the Adjusted Compensation Act which gave every veteran a paid up insurance policy. It was vetoed by Coolidge but overridden by Congress. It added about $3.5 billion more to the cost of the war. | 29 | |
| 5781686992 | Washington Conference | 1921-An international conference on the limitation of naval fleet construction begins in Washington. Under the leadership of the American Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes the representatives of the USA, Great Britain, France, Italy, and Japan pledge not to exceed the designated sizes of their respective naval fleets | 30 | |
| 5781686993 | Kellog-Briand Pact | A pledge by 15 nations to never threaten war in international relations, effectively outlawing war in general. This pact was enacted to keep Europe and the U.S. safe by announcing to never declare war on each other, which was effective in theory, but never had provisions in case of a violation, and by 1941, many of these countries had violated it. | 31 | |
| 5781686994 | Fordney-McCumber Tariff | 1922 act that sharply increased tariffs on imported goods; most Republican leaders of the 1920s firmly believed in "protectionist" policies that would increase profits for American businesses. | 32 | |
| 5781686995 | McNary-Haugen Bill | A plan to rehabilitate American agriculture by raising the domestic prices of farm products *Effects of the protective tariff and burdens of debt and taxation had created a serious agricultural depression and grew steadily worse | 33 | |
| 5781686996 | Nativism | feelings of hostility for immigrants. It favored people or products that were American. | 34 | |
| 5781686997 | Immigration Quota Act | This was passed in 1924 which cut quotas for foreigners from 3 % to 2% of the total number of immigrants. The main purpose was to freeze America's existing racial composition which was largely Northern European. It also prevented Japanese immigration which led to fury in Japan. | 35 | |
| 5781686998 | United Negro Improvement Association | Launched a chain of black owned grocery stores and pressed for the creation of other black businesses. Garvey insisted that his supporters return to Africa and begin a new society. The decline of UNIA and the Garvey movement occurred after Garvey was charged with business fraud and deported back to Jamaica. | 36 | |
| 5781686999 | Dawes Plan | 1924 Created by Charles Dawes, a banker-A plan to revive the German economy, the United States loans Germany money which then can pay reparations to England and France, who can then pay back their loans from the U.S. This circular flow of money was a success until the stock market crash of 1929. | 37 | |
| 5781687000 | Hawley-Smoot Tariff | 1930-highest tariff in U.S. history. It raised duties on agricultural and manufactured imports. It may have contributed to the spread of international economic depression | 38 | |
| 5781687001 | Black Tuesday | October 29, 1929; date of the worst stock-market crash in American history and beginning of the Great Depression. | 39 |
